Aim To observe the changes on the expression of ?-SMA in rats with adriamycin-induced nephrothy and intervention of Valsartan. Methods The model group were made by unilateral nephrectomy with twice-adriamycin injections by caudal vein. Immunohistochemical method, flow cytometry and pathologic image analysis were used to observe the expression of ?-SMA, FN and LN in rats. Results The expression of ?-SMA was positive in the model group. Rates of positive cell and protein semi-quantitative analysis were more higher than the sham group(P

Objective To investigate the feasible clinical teaching method for ICU specialty nurses to improve teaching quality.Methods Using new mode:teaching together but practicing with different teachers.Results Through clinical practice,19 specialty nurses have improved their theories,operational skills and clinical thinking abilities.Conlusions ICU specialty nurses can acquire systems training through the new teaching mode.

Objective:To compare the volatile chemical constituents from the shell and kernel of Caesalpinia minax Hance.Methods:The volatile chemical compositions of Caesalpinia minax Hance were obtained by organic solvent-wet distillation and were analyzed by GC-MS equipped with a elastic quartz capillary column HP-5MS 5%Phenyl Methyl Siloxane(30m?0.25mm?0.25?m).The constituents were identified by their mass spectra.The relative percentage of the volatile constituents was calculated from the GC peak areas.Results:One hundred and fifteen kinds of chemical constituents in the shell of Caesalpinia minax Hance were separated and sixty-three of them,which accounts for 54.7%of total volatile constituents, were characterized.There are five kinds whose relative contents were more than 2.0%.One hundred and two kinds of chemical constituents in the kernel of Caesalpinia minax Hance were separated and fifty-one of them,which accounts for 50.0%,were characterized.There are seven kinds whose relative contents were more than 2.0%.Form the shell and kernel of Caesalpinia minax Hance there were forty kinds of chemical constituents the same.The most relative contents were Limonene(5.31%,shell)and 1-Hexanol(12.94%,kernel).Conclusion:This paper reports,for the first time,the comparison of volatile constituents from shell and kernel of Caesalpinia minax Hance.It is helpful for controlling the quality and further researching of Caesalpinia minax Hance.

Objective·To investigate the relation between urinary excretion of protein-bound uremic toxins(PBUTs)and upper urinary tract calculus.Methods·Residents aged 18?80 years in the community of Haitou,Danzhou city in Hainan Province were recruited.Basic information and diet for the last 3 d of the subjects were recorded.Their fasting sera and 24-hour urine samples were collected,and they also underwent ultrasound examination of kidneys and ureters.The subjects with upper urinary calculi detected by ultrasound or a clear history of upper urinary calculi were selected as the calculus group,and the others as the non-calculus group.The biochemical indicators related to the formation of calculus in blood and urine were detected,and the levels of PBUTs,including indoxyl sufate(IS),indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),and p-cresol sulfate(PCS)in blood and urine,as well as oxalic acid and citric acid in urine were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography.The related factors of upper urinary tract calculus formation were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.The correlations of urine PBUTs with urine uric acid,oxalic acid,and citric acid were analyzed by Spearman correlation test.Results·A total of 117 participants were screened out with 54 people in the calculus group and 63 people in the non-calculus group.There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender,age,serum indicators,and prevalence of complications such as hypertension,diabetes,and hyperuricemia/gout.The 24-hour urine pH,calcium,uric acid,and chlorine in the calculus group were significantly higher than those in the non-calculus group(all P<0.05),while IS was significantly lower than that in the non-calculus group(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that urinary IS(OR=0.929,95%CI 0.875?0.986,P=0.016)was related to the calculus formation independently,in addition to urinary calcium.The Spearman correlation analysis results showed that the levels of IAA(r=0.420,P=0.000)and PCS(r=0.307,P=0.001)in 24-hour urine were positively correlated with oxalic acid,PCS was positively correlated with uric acid(r=0.297,P=0.002),and IS was positively correlated with citric acid(r=0.289,P=0.002).Conclusion·In the population,a decrease in urinary excretion of IS may be an independent risk factor for the formation of upper urinary tract calculus,and PBUTs levels are correlated with levels of uric acid,oxalic acid,and citric acid.