Objective To systematically assess the safety of recombinant human interferon α1b(rhIFNα1b) as therapy for viral diseases in children,so as to provide on evidence-based medicine for the clinical treatment.Methods Randomized controlled trails (RCTs) of rhIFNα1b for viral diseases in children were investigated through PubMed literature retrieval service system,Science Citation Index,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang Database;RCTs were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Related data were extracted and the Meta-analysis was performed.Results Nineteen RCTs were involved,including 2 731 patients.In the overall,59/1 437 cases (4.1％) in the rhIFNα1b treatment group and 79/1 294 cases (6.1％) in the control group had adverse reactions.The Meta-analysis revealed that in the overall and in atomization inhalation subgroup,the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the rhIFNα1b treatment group than that in the control group [Z =2.18 (P =0.03),RR =0.71(95％ CI:0.52-0.97);Z =2.44(P =0.01),RR =0.53 (95％ CI:0.32-0.88)].But,there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the rhIFNα1b treatment group and the control group in intramuscular injection subgroup,and the test for overall effect was Z =0.78 (P =0.43),RR =0.86 (95 ％ CI:0.58-1.26).The incidence of adverse reactions of the control group was significantly higher than that of the rhIFNα1b treatment group in gastrointestinal adverse reaction [Z =2.20 (P =0.03),RR =0.60 (95 ％ CI:0.39-0.95)],and the incidence of adverse reactions of the rhIFNα1b treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group in nervous system symptoms [Z=2.09(P=0.04),RR =4.28(95％ CI:1.10-16.72)].Conclusion Compared with other antiviral drugs,the treatment of pediatric common viral diseases with rhIFNα1 b has good safety,low incidence of adverse reactions,and the incidence of adverse reactions through atomization inhalation can be lower than that of intramuscular injection.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of childhood purulent meningitis (PM)and the risk factors for its adverse outcome.Methods One hundred and nine children with PM were retrospective ana-lyzed,who were admitted to pediatric department in Xijing Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University from Ja-nuary 2008 to July 201 6.They were divided into 5 age groups,the clinical features were compared among the different age groups.According to Glasgow prognostic score,all cases were then divided into 2 groups,the favorable outcome group and the adverse outcome group.All factors including normal information,disease history,clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations were compared between 2 groups.Results There were 72.5% (79 /1 09 cases)of the pa-tients younger than 3 years old.PMwas prone to spring and winter,and most children with PMhad preceding infection. The major clinical manifestations of PM were fever,convulsions and intracranial hypertension.The clinical manifesta-tions of PMwere different in different age groups,and convulsions were more commonly seen in less than 3 years old children,while headache,vomiting and meningeal stimulation had higher proportion in more than 3 years old children. The single factor analysis showed that there were repeated convulsions after admission (≥3 times),the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)glucose(≤1 .5 mmol/L),CSF protein(≥1 g/L),CSF /blood glucose ratio and complications were signifi-cantly different between 2 groups(all P <0.05).While gender,age distribution,fever,intracranial hypertension,coma, limb movement disorder,meningeal stimulation,CSF cell count >500 ×1 06 /L,blood and CSF cultivate positive rate, co -infection,brain CT/MRI abnormality,electroencephalogram abnormality,treatment and duration of seizure more than 5 minutes were not significantly different(all P >0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that there were repeated convulsions after admission (≥3 times)(OR =27.84,P =0.048),CSF protein(≥1 g/L)(OR =28.44,P =0.027) and low CSF /blood glucose ratio (OR =22.1 5,P =0.041 )were independent risk factors for poor prognosis of PM. Conclusion PMhappens mostly in infantile period,with different clinical manifestations at different ages.The inde-pendent risk factors for poor prognosis were repeated convulsions after admission (≥3 times),CSF protein(≥1 g/L) and low CSF /blood glucose ratio.It indicates that if the high risk factors could be identified early,and then intervened immediately and followed up timely,it will be beneficial to improve the long -term prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between IL-10 and I1-17 expression levels in Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) and lung function.Methods:70 patients were included in this study.According to wheezing or not,they were divided into wheezing group and non-wheezing group.Another 30 healthy children were taken as a control group.After taking fasting blood 5ml,the serum IL-10 and IL-17 expression levels were detected by ELISA.The forced expiratory volume in one second (PEV1),peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced vital capacity (FEV1 / FVC) of all subjects were detected.Results:The IL-10 expression level of the wheezing group were significantly different with that of the control group (P＜0.05) and that of the non-wheezing group (P＜0.05).The 1L-17 expression level of the wheezing group also had significant difference (P＜0.05) with that of the control group and non-wheezing group (P＜0.05).The IL-10 expression levels of wheezing and non-wheezing group all were lower than that of the control group.Whereas the IL-17 expression levels of wheezing and non-wheezing group all were higher than that in the control group.In addition,patients in wheezing group had higher PEV1,PEF,PVE1/FVC values than those in non-wheezing group,with significant difference (P＜0.05).The serum level of IL-10 expression of Mycoplasma pneumonia patients was positively correlated with PEV1,PEF and PVE1/FVC,while the serum level of IL-17 expression of Mycoplasma pneumonia patients was negatively correlated with PEV1,PEF and PVE1/FVC.Conclusion:The serum levels of IL-17 and IL-10 expression of Mycoplasma pneumonia children had close correlation with their pulmonary function.

Objective: To investigate clinical outcomes of modified reattachment of superior peroneal retinaculum (SPR) for patients with recurrent peroneal tendon dislocation. Methods: A total of 24 cases with recurrent peroneal tendon dislocation from December 2012 to June 2017 were treated with modified reattachment of SPR. There were 20 males and 4 females. The average age was 24.9±9.3 years (14-48 years). The average BMI was 23.18±3.50 kg/m² (15.8-32.2 kg/m²). A 4-5 cm incision was made along the lateral margin of the fibula and curved distally around the fibular tip in line with the peroneal excursion. The superior peroneal retinaculum, peroneus longus and peroneus brevis were exposed. The periosteum and SPR were stripped from the fibula. The false pouch was formed. Two suture anchors were inserted into the postero-lateral ridge of the lateral malleolus without damaging the cartilaginous ridge, after which the SPR was reattached to the lateral malleolus with the anchored suture. The inner layer of the false pouch was incised, while the outer layer (periosteum) was sutured with the SPR in a pants-over-vest style. The following items, including American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, visual analogue scale (VAS), rate of return to previous sports level, time to return to sports activity, complication, and patients satisfaction were evaluated preoperatively and at the final follow-up. Results: The average operation duration was 36.1±8.8 min (20-51 min). The blood loss was 1-10 ml, average 4.1±2.7 ml. The follow-up was carried out in 22 cases for mean 33.9±15.7 months (13-61 months). AOFAS score was improved from 77.8±7.8 points to 95.5±4.3 points significantly (t=-11.89, P<0.001). VAS score was reduced from 4.2±2.4 to 0.3±0.8 significantly (t=7.69, P<0.001). Mean duration return to sports activity was 5.0±1.9 months (3-10 months). A total of 20 patients (91%) returned to their previous sports level. Only one patient (5%) was found with limitation of range of motion, while two patients (9%) reported pain at the scar site without recurrence. The satisfaction rate was 91%. Conclusion Clinical outcomes of modified reattachment of SPR for patients with recurrent peroneal tendon dislocation was safe and effective.

The incidence of telbivudine-related adverse reactions has been gradually increased. The increased levels of muscle enzymes and blood lactate are common. In this case, a 23-year-old male patient with long-term oral telbivudine had a rare serious adverse reaction. The main clinical manifestations were progressive myalgia, gradually progressed to mental disorder, and together with multiple organ dysfunction, in which the level of blood lactate was increased significantly and metabolic acidosis was extremely severe. Blood purification and sodium bicarbonate were given to correct acidosis, while ceftazidime was used to prevent infection. Telbivudine was discontinued, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and liver protective drug were used. The patient was discharged with a better health condition. Such patients are easily misdiagnosed as neuromuscular diseases in the early stage, which might delay the treatment and worsen medical conditions. Clinicians need to be cautious and obtain an early identification to avoid misdiagnosis.
Acidosis, Lactic ; chemically induced ; Fatal Outcome ; Humans ; Male ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Telbivudine ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate changes in renal function, urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase enzyme (N-AG),liver function, myocardial enzymes, the pathology of renal damage and the mechanism of acute renal failure (ARF) associated with fish gall bladder poisoning.

METHODSEleven patients with acute fish gall bladder poisoning were consecutively admitted to our hospital from September 1997 to October 1999. Renal function, urine N-AG enzyme, liver function, and myocardial enzymes were assayed before and after treatment. One patient consented to a kidney biopsy and the pathology of renal damage was observed under light and electron microscopes.

RESULTSAll patients had multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and 11 patients suffered from ARF. Ten patients had liver dysfunction, ten patients had poisonous myocarditis, and 8 patients had gastrointestinal dysfunction. Renal function, urine N-AG enzyme, liver function, and myocardial enzymes were significantly improved after treatment compared with those of before treatment (P < 0.05). Kidney biopsy showed that the main damage site was the proximal renal tubule. All eleven patients recovered and were discharged from the hospital.

CONCLUSIONSIngestion of fish gall bladder leads to kidney damage, as well as liver, heart and gastrointestinal tract injury. The mechanism of acute renal function failure is the serious tubular damage, confirming the location of kidney damage. Necrosis of the proximal tubules plays an important role in the development of ARF. Immediate hemodialysis is the most effective treatment.

Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Female ; Fishes ; Foodborne Diseases ; etiology ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Organ Failure ; etiology