Objective To analyse and summarize the MRI characteristics of tumor‐like inflammatory demyelinating diseases (TIDD) .Methods MRI findings of 10 cases with pathologically proved TIDD were analyzed retrospectively ,all patients received plain and enhanced MRI scan .Results 3 cases showed multiple lesions in bilateral frontal and parietal lobes ,and 7 cases showed soli‐tary mass ,in which 2 lesions located in the occipital lobe ,2 in the basal ganglia ,2 in the second to fifth segment of cervical cord ,and 1 lesion located in the left frontal parietal lobe .The shape of 7 lesions were irregular ,2 were stripped ,while 1 lesion was oval .6 cases had clear boundary ,while 4 showed ambiguous .Solitary lesions were 1 .7 cm -5 .6 cm in diameter(mean 4 .0 cm ± 1 .48 cm) .8 cases manifested mild edema while 2 had no edema .On MRI plain scan ,lesions were hypointensity on T1WI and hyperintensity on T2WI in 8 cases ,isointensity on T1 WI and hyperintensity on T2 WI in 2 cases ,and all lesions were hyperintensity on FLAIR sequence .DWI were performed in 3 cases ,all lesions showed hyperintensity ,2 of them had patchy hypointensity signal .Hemorrhage was detected in 3 lesions ,cystic lesions or calcification were not found in all cases .On post‐contrast scan ,3 lesions showed ring like enhancement ,2 showed obviously heterogeneous enhancement ,2 had mild enhancement and 2 cases had no enhancement ,1 presented with open ring like enhancement .Conclusion TIDD shows some specific MRI features ,and MRI is helpful to the diagnosis of TIDD .

Objective: To report on a case of maternally derived 45, X mosaicism detected by non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT). Methods: Fetal sex chromosomal abnormality was detected by NIPT. Maternally derived 45, X mosaicism was confirmed by chromosome karyotype analysis. Fetal sex chromosome aneuploidy was detected by amniotic fluid chromosome microarray analysis. Results: A maternal 45, X mosaicism was diagnosed. The fetus was confirmed to be normal. Conclusion Maternal 45, X masaicism can be diagnosed by NIPT.

This article reported two fetuses diagnosed with Pallister-Killian syndrome (PKS). Amniotic fluid samples of one pregnant woman (case 1), with an abnormal result of non-invasive prenatal test, were analyzed by karyotyping and copy number variation-sequencing (CNV-seq), and samples of the other one (case 2), with a prenatal ultrasound of a lowered spinal conus and an enhanced echo of the renal cortex, were tested for CNV-seq. The chromosome karyotype of case 1 showed 47,XN,+mar[30]/46, XN[10]. CNV-seq results revealed three to four copies of repetition of the p13.33p11.1 segment of chromosome 12, suggesting 12p tetrasomy chimerism in both fetuses. The diagnosis of fetal PKS was confirmed through the combination of multiple technologies (ultrasound, chromosomal karyotype analysis, and CNV-seq). The two pregnancies were terminated after genetic counseling.

Objective To collect and summarize the opinions of experts on the improvement of China's disease prevention and control system published in the public media, so as to provide reference for the relevant construction planning of the government. Methods: Articles were collected from January to May, 2020, which were published on Chinese mainstream media. Based on the analysis of literature and the basic characteristics of experts, Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to summarize the construction points of experts in different construction fields. Results: A total of 19 opinion articles were finally included in the study and 29 experts were involved. The suggestions of experts on the construction of China's disease prevention and control system were summarized into four aspects. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge to the existing public health epidemic prevention and control system in China, and also an important opportunity for the development and construction of the related system.

Mammals exhibit limited heart regeneration ability, which can lead to heart failure after myocardial infarction. In contrast, zebrafish exhibit remarkable cardiac regeneration capacity. Several cell types and signaling pathways have been reported to participate in this process. However, a comprehensive analysis of how different cells and signals interact and coordinate to regulate cardiac regeneration is unavailable. We collected major cardiac cell types from zebrafish and performed high-precision single-cell transcriptome analyses during both development and post-injury regeneration. We revealed the cellular heterogeneity as well as the molecular progress of cardiomyocytes during these processes, and identified a subtype of atrial cardiomyocyte exhibiting a stem-like state which may transdifferentiate into ventricular cardiomyocytes during regeneration. Furthermore, we identified a regeneration-induced cell (RIC) population in the epicardium-derived cells (EPDC), and demonstrated Angiopoietin 4 (Angpt4) as a specific regulator of heart regeneration. angpt4 expression is specifically and transiently activated in RIC, which initiates a signaling cascade from EPDC to endocardium through the Tie2-MAPK pathway, and further induces activation of cathepsin K in cardiomyocytes through RA signaling. Loss of angpt4 leads to defects in scar tissue resolution and cardiomyocyte proliferation, while overexpression of angpt4 accelerates regeneration. Furthermore, we found that ANGPT4 could enhance proliferation of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, and promote cardiac repair in mice after myocardial infarction, indicating that the function of Angpt4 is conserved in mammals. Our study provides a mechanistic understanding of heart regeneration at single-cell precision, identifies Angpt4 as a key regulator of cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration, and offers a novel therapeutic target for improved recovery after human heart injuries.
Humans ; Mice ; Rats ; Cell Proliferation ; Heart/physiology* ; Mammals ; Myocardial Infarction/metabolism* ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism* ; Pericardium/metabolism* ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Zebrafish/metabolism*