OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of insulin in the treatment of gestational diabetes in different gesta-tional age. METHODS:The data of 121 women with gestational diabetes were retrospectively analyzed,and divided into observa-tion group (63 cases) and control group (58 cases) based on first use of insulin in different gestational age. All patients received dirt control [(calorie control in 30-35 kJ/(kg·d),55% carbohydrates,25% fat and 20% protein)];based on it,Biosynthetic hu-man insulin injection was injected before meals and at bedtime by 4∶2∶3∶1 with 4-6 units before pregnant 30 weeks according to the FPG and postprandial 2 h blood glucose(2 h PG)levels in observation group,the blood glucose of women with gestational dia-betes was monitored to prevent the occurrence of complications such as hypoglycemia. Control group received Biosynthetic human insulin injection(the same dosage with control group)when no less than 30 weeks. The treatment course for both groups was 15 d. FPG and 2 h PG levels when first diagnosed and delivery,pregnancy outcomes and neonatal conditions in 2 groups were observed, and the incidence of adverse reactions was recorded. RESULTS:When first diagnosed,there were no significant differences in FPG and 2 h PG levels in 2 groups(P>0.50). When delivery,FPG and 2 h PG levels in 2 groups were significantly lower than first di-agnosed,and observation group was lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The inci-dence of premature delivery,gestational hypertension,neonatal asphyxia,low-weight children and neonatal hypoglycemia in obser-vation group were significantly lower than control group,Apgar score was significantly higher than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);and there were no significant differences in the incidence of polyhydramnios,multi-cesare-an and fetal macrosomia in 2 groups(P>0.05). There were no obvious adverse reactions during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Based on diet control,insulin in the treatment of gestational diabetes before pregnant 30 weeks can effectively control blood glucose level and improve pregnancy outcomes,with good safety.

Objective To analyze and monitor the distribution of EBSLs-producing E.coli in our hospital and its resistance to commonly used antibacterial drugs.Methods The drug sensitivity test results of E.coli cultured in our hospital from 2008 to 2011 were continuously observed and performed the summary and the descriptive analysis.Results The detection rate of EBSLs-produ-cing E.coli during these 4 years was more than 50%.The generation rate of ESBLs-producing E.coli from the pharyngeal swab samples was the highest.The drug resistance of EBSLs-producing E.coli was mostly higher than that of non-EBSLs-producing E. coli,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).EBSLs-producing E.Coli showed the multi-drug resistant phenomenon. But the resistance rate of EBSLs-producing E.Coli to some antimicrobial drugs had the decreasing tendency year by year.Conclusion The drug-resistance situation of ESBLs-producing E.Coli is serious.The diceovered carbapenems-resistance ESBLs-producing E. Coli should cause the concern.The antibacterial drugs with increased drug-resistance rate should be replaced by the antibacterial drugs with the gradually decreased drug resistance rate.Strengthening the bacterial drug resistance minitoring can timely discover the change trend of clinically isolated bacteria and has the improtant significance to provide reference for clinically empirical medica-tion.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of Guizhi fuling capsule combined with leuprolide acetate in the treatment of endometriosis (EMS) after laparoscopicsurgery. METHODS:87 EMS patients were randomly divided into control group(44 cases)and observation group(43 cases). Control group received EMS resection under laparoscope,3.75 mg Leuprolide acetate for injection was given in the first day of postoperative first menstruation by intramuscular injection,once a day. Observa-tion group additionally received 0.93 g Guizhi fuling capsule,3 times a day. The treatment course for both groups was 6 months. Clinical efficacy,estradiol(E2),follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH)and prolactin(PRL)levels before and after treatment,recurrence after 6 months and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The to-tal effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,recurrence rate was significantly lower than con-trol group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Before treatment,there were no significant differences in E2, FSH,LH and PRL in 2 groups(P>0.05);after treatment,E2,FSH,LH and PRL in 2 groups were significantly lower than be-fore,and E2,FSH and LH in observation group were lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in PRL in 2 groups (P>0.05). And there was no significant difference in the inci-dence of adverse reactions in 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:After laparoscope resection,Guizhi fuling capsule combined with leuprolide acetate can effectively improve efficacy,reduce sex hormone level and recurrence rate,and do not increase the inci-dence of adverse reactions in the treatment of EMS.

Objective To evaluate the treatment of ilioinguinal approach surgery associated acute iatrogenic deep venous thrombosis (DVT).Methods The clinical data and treatment of 11 patients with ilioinguinal approach surgery associated acute iatrogenic DVT were analyzed.Results These 11 patients initially suffered from complicated acetabulum fracture,7 cases were treated by single ilioinguinal approach surgery and the other 4 cases were combined with Kocher-Langenbeck approach.In 3 days after surgery,DVTs were found by Doppler sonography,and all the DVTs were proved having closed relationships with ilioinguinal approach through digital subtraction angiography(DSA):iliac-femoral veins appeared stenosis at ilioinguinal segment in all the 11 cases,DVTs were found distal to the stenosis in 9 cases,both sides in 2 cases (1 case combined extensive iliac vein emphraxis and the other case combined extensive femoral vein emphraxis).After retrievable inferior vena cava filters were implanted,11 patients received catheter-directed thrombolysis for 5-12 days.Complete thrombolysis was achieved in 8 cases and thrombi residual left in 3 cases.The iliac-femoral veins were recanalized completely.After (10 ± 4) month fellow-up,no DVT recurred and no PTS appeared.Conclusions Ilioinguinal approach surgery seriously effects iliac-femoral veins,and is a important precipitating factor of DVT.Early catheter-directed thrombolysis under the protection of inferior vena cava filter is an effective treatment.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the result of hemoglobin(Hb)test by using full-automatic Hb electrophoresis and evaluate the its significance in hemoglobinopathy.Methods The data of patients who underwent Hb electrophoresis test and regular blood tests in the hospital from January 2011 to December 2013 were included in the study.The test results were recorded including mean corpuscular volume(MCV),mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH)and results of Hb electrophoresis test.Final diag-nosis were made for suspected patients by using genetic testing,then disease detection rates and gene coincidence rates and constitu-ent ratios were calculated.Results 12 898 cases were included in the study,after statistical analysis the MCV was(85.32±13.61) fL,MCH was(29.87±6.44)pg.By using automatic hemoglobin electrophoresis,1 315 cases were found to be positive,in which 568 were male,747 were female,the detection rate was 10.19%.In the 1 315 patients,there were 761 cases suspectedα-thalassemia,ac-counted for 5.90%.There were 495 cases of suspectedβ-thalassemia,accounted for 3.84%,11 patients with HbJ(0.08%),15 pa-tients with HbK(0.12%),9 patients with HbG(0.07%),3 patients with HbD(0.02%),21 patients with HbE(0.16%).The sus-pected case′s final diagnosis were made by using genetic testing,α-thalassemia gene′s coincidence rate was 80.55%,β-thalassemia gene′s coincidence rate was 96.77%.Conclusion Automatic hemoglobin electrophoresis detection is of great significance for the di-agnosis of hemoglobinopathy.

Objective To explore the genotype of patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenas(G6PD)deficiency in Dong-guan and provide the basis for the clinical diagnosis and prevention.Methods The clinical data of patients who took G6PD activity screening in the hospital were collected from January 2011 to December 2013,the G6PD/6PGD ratios were recorded.469 patients with positive G6PD/6PGD ratio were randomly enrolled in the study,whose mutations were detected by reverse dot blot(RDB)as-say.Results During this period,we measured G6PD activity of 16 464 cases by G6PD/6PGD ratios,there were 672 positive cases, the positive rate was 4.08%.Randomly selected 469 positive samples,detected their genotye by RDB assay.We detected 173 cases of G1376T,141 cases of G1388A,82 cases of A95G,60 cases of G871A,23 cases of G392T,14 cases of C1024T.In addition to that, we also found some rare mutations,such as 6 cases of C1004T,2 cases of T517C,1 cases of C1360T.65 cases of C1311T gene poly-morphism and 96 cases of dual gene mutations were detected.Conclusion The incidence of G6PD deficiency is high and the gene mutation types in Dongguan are both representative for Chinese population and with local heterogeneity.The study on gene muta-tions of G6PD deficiency is benefit for diagnosis and prevention.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical features of a Chinese pedigree affected with skeletal muscle sodium channelopathies due to variation of SCN4A gene. METHODS: Potential variation of the 24 exons of the SCN4A gene was screened using PCR and Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: Four family members were affected with the disease in an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Three patients had normekalemic periodic paralysis, while 1 showed paramyotonia congenita. Genetic analysis detected a missense variation c.2078T>C (p.Ile693Thr) in exon 13 of the SCN4A gene in the proband and other 3 affected relatives. CONCLUSION Normokalemic periodic paralysis and paramyotonia congenita can occur in different family members with skeletal muscle sodium channelopathies due to c.2078T>C(p.Ile693Thr) variation of SCN4A gene.
Channelopathies ; genetics ; Humans ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiopathology ; Mutation ; NAV1.4 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel ; genetics ; Pedigree

Objective:To explore the application effect of online-offline mixed teaching mode in the teaching of histology and embryology.Methods:Two classes of students majoring in psychiatry from Batch 2020 were randomized into experimental group ( n = 100), and two classes of students majoring in general practice in 2020 grade were randomized into the control group ( n = 99). The online-offline mixed teaching mode was used in the experimental group, while a traditional teaching mode was used in the control group. The online test scores, final scores and questionnaire satisfaction of the two groups of students were evaluated on the teaching effect. All data were statistically processed by SPSS 19.0, and the comparison between groups was performed by t test. Results:The online test scores of the experimental group [(8.55±1.18) vs. (6.33±0.91)] and final scores [(85.56±3.32) vs. (72.24±2.71)] were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the experimental group's satisfaction scores of the online-offline mixed teaching mode were significantly higher in students' learning interest, learning autonomy, time management ability, teamwork, interactive communication, knowledge understanding and memory ability ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:The online-offline mixed teaching mode can improve the histology and embryology teaching effect and promote the students' interest in learning and autonomous learning ability.

Objective To investigate the application value of single detection and combined detection of 4 kinds of inflammatory indicators of procalcitonin (PCT ) ,high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) ,interleu-kin-6(IL-6) and white blood cell(WBC) in diagnosing type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) bloodstream by analy-zing the levels of peripheral blood PCT ,hs-CRP ,IL-6 and WBC in the T2DM bloodstream infection group and T2DM non-bloodstream infection group .Methods The clinical data in 85 patients with T2DM bloodstream in-fection (T2DM bloodstream infection group ) and contemporaneous 80 cases of T2DM non-bloodstream infec-tion(T2DM non-bloodstream infection group) in this hospital from January 2013 to July 2016 were retrospec-tively analyzed .The levels of various inflammatory indicators in peripheral blood were analyzed .The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve of various inflammatory indicators was drawn ,the area under the curve (AUC) and the best cut-off value were calculated .The detection schemes included 24 kinds of schemes such as the single indicator ,2-indicator ,3-indicator and 4-indicator .Results The levels of PCT ,hs-CRP ,IL-6 and WBC in the T2DM bloodstream infection group were significantly higher than those in the T 2DM non-blood-stream infection group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .AUC of PCT ,hs-CRP ,IL-6 and WBC were 0 .909 ,0 .818 ,0 .838 and 0 .760 respectively ,with best cut-off values of 0 .493 ng/mL ,11 .19 ng/mL ,40 .95 pg/mL and 11 .87 × 109/L respectively .The Youden index of PCT was highest (0 .65) and the ac-curacy of IL-6 was highest (83 .33％ ) in the single indicator detection scheme .The Youden index and accuracy of the scheme of PCT/hs-CRP and PCT+hs-CRP+IL-6 were highest in the combined detection scheme .Con-clusion PCT detection has the prominent value in the assisted diagnosis of T 2DM bloodstream infection .Inthe combined detection scheme ,PCT/hs-CRP and PCT+hs-CRP+IL-6 have the highest value in the assisted diagnosis in T2DM bloodstream infection .