OBJECTIVE To study pathogen distribution and susceptibility to sevenral antifungal agents.METHODS The CHROMagar candida color medium was applied to isolate and identify Candida strains.Drug sensitivity was analyzed by the K-B diffusion method.The drug sensitivity to econazole(ECO),nystatin(NYS),itraconazole(ITR),ketoconazole(KET),fluconazole(FLU),flucytosine(FCT),and amphotericin B(AMB)was tested.RESULTS Candida albicans was the most frequent isolated organism accounting for 62.5%.C.tropicalis and others accounted for 21.62% and 8.1%,respectively.The respiratory tract infection accounted for 76.57%,and the urinary tract was the second(6.31%),the blood and genitourinary tract were the third(5.00%).The susceptibility of Candada spp strains to nystatin and amphotericin B was more active than to other antifungal agents.CONCLUSIONS The fungal infection is relative to some risk factors,such as using antibiotics,underlying diseases and aging.Therefore,using antibiotics reasonably and improving the immunity are the main measures of preventing the fungal infection.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of year-round respiratory viral infection in children with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), and the relationship between respiratory viral infection and allergen sensitization in exacerbating asthma. Methods A total of 231 hospitalized children with acute LRTI were investigated from May 2013 to April 2014. The 5 most common respiratory viruses were isolated from nasopharyngeal aspirate using multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (AV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), influenza virus (IFV) and rhinovirus (RV). Atopic sensitization was defined if more than 1 serum specific immunoglobulin E level measured using immunofluorescence experiment was over 0.35 IU/mL. Results RSV was the most common pathogen of bronchiolitis in hospitalized children through the year. RV or IFV infections were more prevalent in asthma exacerbations compared to other LRTIs. AV was more likely to cause pneumonia. RV and IFV were associated with asthma exacerbations in children with atopic sensitization, but not in nonatopic children. Conclusion RV and IFV are associated with hospitalization for asthma exacerbation in children with atopic sensitization.

Objective To investigate the effect of exercise prescription on foot perfusion and ulcer healing in patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) accompanied with peripheral arterial disease (PAD).Methods Sixty patients with DFU and PAD were divided into exercise group and control group.The patients in the exercise group took exercise therapy training,ensuring that they could follow the exercise prescription.The patients in the control group had no exercise requirements.After the treatment for 12 weeks,ankle brachial index (ABI),transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcPO2),skin temperature,body mass index (BMI),HbA1C,and the ulcer healing rate in the two groups were compared,the satisfaction and compliance in the exercise group were evaluated,and the adverse events of the treatment were recorded.Results After the treatment for 12 weeks,the ABI,TcPO2,and foot skin temperature in the two groups increased and HbA1C decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).TcPO2 increased 5.25 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133kPa),skin temperature increased 0.45℃,and BMI decreased 0.69 kg/m2 in the exercise group,while TcPO2 increased 2.59 mm Hg,skin temperature increased 0.28℃,and BMI increased 0.02 kg/m2 in the control group,showing significant differences in the three index changes between two groups (P＜0.01).The healing rate in the exercise group was higher than that in the control group (53.6％ vs 25.9％,P ＜0.05).The patients'compliance and satisfaction to the exercise therapy were 90％ and 94％,respectively.The incidence of adverse events in the exercise group had no causal relationship with the exercise prescription.Conclusion The exercise prescription in the study can improve the foot perfusion,and promote ulcer healing.It has the advantage of high safety,patients'compliance and satisfaction.

Objective To observe the expression of chemokine (MCP-1) and chemokine receptor (CCR2) in bone marrow cells,bone marrow stromal cells of multiple myeloma (MM) patients.Methods 15 cases were diagnosed by domestic uniform standard for MM patients,7 cases of male,8 cases of female,age range from 38 to 67 years,mean age 53.7 years old.According to the Durie-Salmon staging system,patients were divided into Ⅰ (2 cases),Ⅱ (5 cases) and Ⅲ period(8 cases).Control group were from 10 cases of non-malignant blood disease patients.MCP-1,CCR2 expression were measured by flow cytometry.Results Almost 14 cases of bone marrow cells expressed MCP-1and CCR2 in MM patients,while in the control group,bone marrow cells almost did not express MCP-1and CCR2.Stromal cells had similar MCP-1and CCR2 expression profile (68.17 ％ vs 4.27 ％. P＜0.05).Tumor cells of MCP-1/CCR2 expression rates were 3.25 ％ and 32.76 ％. Compared MCP-1/ CCR2 expression of stromal cells and tumor cells with different stages of disease, the activated stage and the stable stage had similar level (68.71％ and 32.76 ％ vs 70.12 ％ and 53.39 ％. P＞0.05). Conclusion Most patients with MM bone marrow were expressed MCP-1and CCR2.MCP-1and CCR2 are the major MM cell surface expression of chemokine/receptor, which play important roles in the progress of.

Guideline or consensus for the vaccination of children with special conditions like immunocompromised children may be more suitable for pediatricians.However, the vaccination of children in China is mainly performed by general practitioners or child health care practitioners in community health service centers.They need to master the screening knowledge of contraindications and precautions for the vaccination of children, and make the decision to referral to specialists.Based on the technical guidelines for Immunization of National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China, Best Practices Guidance of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and contraindications and precautions proposed by the Immunization Action Coalition, 20 suggestions for primary screening of children with vaccination contraindications and referral recommendations for primary care providers were developed by experts from the Integration of Medicine and Prevention in Children of Health Commission of Shenzhen Municipality.

Objective To compare the performance of colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) between Lnk-knockout mice and wild-type mice. Methods The C57 BL/6 mice with similar week age were divided into wild type group (WT), wild type mouse with colitis group (WT +DSS), Lnk-knockout group (KO) and Lnk-knockout mouse with colitis group (KO + DSS). WT and KO mice were admitted to drink water freely, WT + DSS and KO + DSS mice was allowed to drink2. 5％ DSS aqueous solution freely. The experiment was carried out for 7 days to observe daily weight change, fecal texture (soft or hardness) and intestinal hemorrhage in mice, and to evaluate the disease activity index (DAI). After 7 days, the peripheral blood was collected to detect the regulatory B-cell (Breg) frequency by flow cytometry in the peripheral blood of WT mice and KO mice. The mouse was sacrificed, and the bowel was taken to observe the shape, color and measure the length of the intestine. The colonic tissue was produced by histological sections and HE staining, and histological changes were observed under the microscope. Results The bowel movement was normal in WT group and KO group, and the mice in KO + DSS group and the WT + DSS group had manifestation of earlier diarrhea and blood-draining. In the experimental period, the weight of KO + DSS group was significantly lower than the other 3 groups, and DAI in the KO + DSS group increased significantly with time. Breg cells frequency in KO group was significantly lower than WT group. In the KO +DSS group, colon obviously shortened, microscopic examination of HE tissue section showed erosive bleeding congestion, multiple lesions shallow ulcer, inflammatory cell infiltration mucosa and submucosa with involvement of the muscle layer, which indicated increased inflammatory response.Conclusion Lnk deficiency can aggravate the performance of DSS-induced colitis in mice, which may be related to the decrease of Breg cells frequency and negative regulation of inflammatory response in Lnk KO mice.

Objective To compare the performance of colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) between Lnk-knockout mice and wild-type mice. Methods The C57 BL/6 mice with similar week age were divided into wild type group (WT), wild type mouse with colitis group (WT +DSS), Lnk-knockout group (KO) and Lnk-knockout mouse with colitis group (KO + DSS). WT and KO mice were admitted to drink water freely, WT + DSS and KO + DSS mice was allowed to drink2. 5％ DSS aqueous solution freely. The experiment was carried out for 7 days to observe daily weight change, fecal texture (soft or hardness) and intestinal hemorrhage in mice, and to evaluate the disease activity index (DAI). After 7 days, the peripheral blood was collected to detect the regulatory B-cell (Breg) frequency by flow cytometry in the peripheral blood of WT mice and KO mice. The mouse was sacrificed, and the bowel was taken to observe the shape, color and measure the length of the intestine. The colonic tissue was produced by histological sections and HE staining, and histological changes were observed under the microscope. Results The bowel movement was normal in WT group and KO group, and the mice in KO + DSS group and the WT + DSS group had manifestation of earlier diarrhea and blood-draining. In the experimental period, the weight of KO + DSS group was significantly lower than the other 3 groups, and DAI in the KO + DSS group increased significantly with time. Breg cells frequency in KO group was significantly lower than WT group. In the KO +DSS group, colon obviously shortened, microscopic examination of HE tissue section showed erosive bleeding congestion, multiple lesions shallow ulcer, inflammatory cell infiltration mucosa and submucosa with involvement of the muscle layer, which indicated increased inflammatory response.Conclusion Lnk deficiency can aggravate the performance of DSS-induced colitis in mice, which may be related to the decrease of Breg cells frequency and negative regulation of inflammatory response in Lnk KO mice.