BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into osteoblasts under inducing condition that Zouguiwan and Youguiwan coordinate inducers, but the mechanism remains to be discussed. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of serum containing Zuoguiwan and Youguiwan on transforming growth factorβ1 and its signal transduction protein Smad2/3 message expression during the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:A whole bone marrow adherence method was adopted to isolate and cultivate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from rats. The cellcultivation was processed in five groups:bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were respectively cultured with blank serum, serum containing Zouguiwan, serum containing Youguiwan, positive serum containing progynova+inducer (dexamethasone, vitamin C, andβ-glycerophosphate), and inducer. Western blot was applied to detect the expression of type I col agen. The immunohistochemical assay was utilized to test transforming growth factorβ1 and Smad2/3 expression in the osteoblasts. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:It was apparently more significant for serum containing Zuoguiwan and Youguiwan on type I col agen, transforming growth factorβ1 and Smad2/3 expression, compared with blank serum group and inducer group (P<0.05);moreover, serum containing Zuoguiwan was better than serum containing Youguiwan (P<0.05). Both of serum containing Zuoguiwan and Youguiwan are able to promote osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Moreover, Zuoguiwan is much more effective indicating that this method of traditional Chinese medicine about nourishing kidneys can be better to promote osteogenic induction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

OBJECTIVETo study differential expression of microRNA (miRNA) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from patients with different types of aplastic anemia (AA) and explore the role of miRNA in the pathogenesis of AA.

METHODSmiRNA microarray were used to determine the differential expression profile of miRNA in PBMNC from patients with AA. Real-time quantitative polymerase china reaction (RQ-PCR) was used to verify the differential expression of miRNA. Candidate miRNA were analyzed with bioinformatics tools.

RESULTSCompared with the normal controls, 6 miRNAs were up-regulated and 10 were down-regulated in patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA), while 24 miRNAs were up-regulated and 12 were down-regulated in patients with chronic non-severe aplastic anemia (CAA). Compared with CAA patients, 4 miRNAs were up-regulated and 11 were down-regulated in SAA patients. Compared with normal controls, 3 miRNAs were up-regulated and 4 were down-regulated in both SAA and CAA patients. As verified by RQ-PCR, expression of miR-155-5p and miR-1260b were increased in both CAA and SAA patients compared with the normal controls (P<0.01). The expression of miR-155-5p and miR-1260b of CAA patients were higher than that of SAA patients (P<0.01). Bioinformatics analysis showed that target genes of miR-155-5p and miR-1260b may be involved in regulation of cell metabolism, gene expression and transcription, TNF signaling pathway, B cell receptor signaling pathway, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis and other signaling process.

CONCLUSIONThere are characteristic differential expression profiles of miRNA in PBMNC from CAA and SAA patients, in which miRNA-155-5p and miRNA-1260b are both up-regulated. The common target gene predicted for miRNA-155-5p and miRNA-1260b is ETS1. miRNA-155-5p and miRNA-1260b may act synergistically to inhibit the expression of ETS1 and promote differentiation of Th17, therefore play an important role in the pathogenesis of AA.

Objective: To detect the effect of the ball compressor method to prevent jugular vein malposition in peripherally inserted central catheter insertion (PICC). Methods: Convenient sampling method was used to recruit 1 358 patients with PICC insertions during October 2017 to September 2018 in Second affiliated hospital Zhejiang University, school of medicine. 681 were included in experimental group, and 677 patients were included in control group. The control group used traditional turning head to the PICC insertion side or fingers compression to block the entrance of jugular vein to prevent jugular vein malposition in control group. While in experimental group, rugby- shape ball compression were used to block jugular vein to reduce jugular vein malposition. The rate of jugular vein malposition in the first try of catheterization was calculated in both groups. Results: The rate of jugular vein malposition in the first try of catheterization was 19.1%(130/681) in experimental group and 23.5% (159/677) in control group respectively. There is statistically significant difference between two groups (χ²=3.917, P=0.047 8). Conclusion Rugby- shape ball compression could reduce jugular vein malposition in the first try of catheterization effectively.

OBJECTIVE：To study the improvement eff ects and its mech anism of Guiyuan decoction formula granules （GDFG） on model mice with decreased ovarian reserve （DOR）. METHODS ：Totally 42 female ICR mice whith with normal estrous cycle were randomly divided into control group ，model group ，estradiol valerate group （positive control ，0.15 mg/kg）and GDFG low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose groups （0.75，1.49，2.98 g/kg），with 7 mice in each group. Except for control group ，other groups were given cisplatin （3 mg/kg）intraperitoneally to establish DOR model. After modeling ，administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically；model group and control group were given normal saline intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 4 weeks. After last administration ，ELISA assay was used to measure the serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone （AMH）and follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）in mice. Histopathological morphology of ovarian was observed by HE staining. Protein distribution of AMH receptor Ⅱ（AMHRⅡ）and Smad 4 in ovarian tissue were observed by immunohistochemistry. Protein expression of AMHR Ⅱ and Smad 4 were detected by Western blot assay. RESULTS ：Compared with control group ，theserum level of AMH ，the expression of AMHR Ⅱ and Smad 4 protein in ovarian tissue in model group were significantly decreased （P＜0.01），while the FSH level in serum was significantly increased （P＜0.01）；follicles were crumpled and lost nucleus ，ovarian interstitial were fibrosis ，luteum were loose ； AMHRⅡ and Smad 4 protein in ovarian tissue were mainly distributed in the follicle membrane and ovarian interstitial. Compared with model group ，the serum level of AMH ，the expression of AMHR Ⅱ and Smad 4 protein in ovarian tissue was increased significantly in GDFG groups （P＜0.01），while the serum level of FSH was decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；in ovarian tissue ，follicles at all levels could be found and follicle morphology was improved ，and no obvious nuclear loss and cumulus formation were found ；AMHRⅡ and Smad 4 protein were mainly distributed in the follicular nucleus （except for GDFG high-dose group) and the granular cell membrane （mainly distributed in the sinus follicles of GDFG medium-dose group ）；they were slightly distributed around the mature follicular nucleus or in corpus luteum. CONCLUSIONS ：GDFG can improve ovarian function of DOR model mice. The mechanism may be related with promoting serum level of AMH ，protein expression of AMHR Ⅱ and Smad 4，improving the distribution of AMHR Ⅱ and Smad 4 protein in ovarian granulosa cell membrane and follicular nucleus ， reducing FSH levels.