Objective To investigate the clinical value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)on minute gas-tric stromal tumor (MGST).Methods 90 patients diagnosed with MGST were randomly divided into two groups. 45 patients in A group were given conventional endoscopic diagnosis,45 cases in B group were treated with endoscopic ultrasound diagnosis.After the two groups of patients with endoscopic treatment,the coincidence rate of preoperative diagnosis and pathological inspection test results was recorded,clinical features in MGST under EUS diagnosis were analyzed.Results All patients were diagnosed in the case of endoscopic surgery,endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)accounted for 94.44%,which was significantly higher than the use of endoscopic full -thickness resection (EFR)percentage of 5.56%,and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =14.22,P <0.05);The two groups of patients after endoscopic treatment,were diagnosed as pathological inspection MGST.Preoperative diagnosis showed that EUS MGST suspected cases of 40 patients,conventional endoscopy MGST suspected cases of 31 cases.The diag-nosis coincidence rate of B group (88.89%)was significantly higher than that in A group (68.88%),the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =5.40,P <0.05);MGST of EUS images could be clearly observed in patients with tumor morphology,size,location,growth pattern,internal parenchyma,echo pattern,strengthening methods,the compo-sition ratio in line with the results of endoscopic treatment,diagnosis results in line with the pathological diagnosis. Conclusion EUS has significant value for the diagnosis of MGST,it has advantages in the clinical guidance and treatment.

Objective To investigate whether the extact of ginko biloba (EGb761) can protect the retinal ganglion cells (RGC) after acute high intraocular pressure induced retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. The negative control group, positive control group, treatment group were given normal saline 5 mL/kg, 1% erigeron breviscapus (vant) hand-mazz (EBHM) 5 mL/kg, 1% EGb761 5 mL/kg, respectively 2 hour after injury and every day after operation. Retinal ganglion cells were retrograde labeled by injection of 3% fluorogold (FG) into both side of superior colliculus 5 days before the death of the rats. Results The average survival rate of retinal ganglion cells were 61.46%, 72.73% and 76.20% in negative control group, positive control group and treatment group respectively. Conclusion EGb761 has neuroprotective effect on retinal ganglion cells in acute high intraocular pressure induced retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of rhubarb acupoint sticking joint shuganjieyu diet in the treatment of chronic functional constipation patients with depressive anxiety.Methods 120 patients of chronic functional constipation with depression anxiety were selected,they were randomly divided into control group and obser-vation group,60 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were given promoting gastrointestinal motility drugs mosapride capsules,and orally given laxatives rhubarb with sodium bicarbonate.The patients in the observation group were treated with topical rhubarb acupoint,and orally given medicated shuganjieyu diet.7 days for a course of treatment,the patients were treated for four courses.The clinical efficacy of the two groups,defecation interval and fecal nature,SAS,SDS scale score changes and quality of life (PAC -QOL)scale score changes before and after treatment and adverse reactions during treatment were recorded.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 90.00%,which of the control group was 91.67%,the difference between the two groups was not significant (χ2 =0.32,P >0.05).Before treatment,the bowel movement and stool ratings between the two groups had no statis-tically significant differences (t =0.23,0.33,all P >0.05).After treatment,the two points of the two groups were significantly decreased,but the differences between the two groups were not significant (t =0.18,0.41,all P >0.05).Before treatment,the SAS,SDS scale scores between the two groups had no statistically significant differences (t =0.78,0.69,all P >0.05).After treatment,the SAS,SDS scores of the two groups were significantly decreased, which of the observation group decreased more significantly than those of the control group (t =4.18,4.72,all P <0.05).Before treatment,the PAC -QOL scale scores for each dimension level had no statistically significant differ-ences (t =0.16,0.21,0.42,0.20,all P >0.05).After treatment,the dimensions of the two groups showed a decline trend,and those of the observation group decreased more significantly than the control group (t =2.10,3.56,2.76, 2.34,all P <0.05).In the control group during the treatment,2 cases of diarrhea,three cases of dry mouth,the patients were improved after given symptomatic treatment.No serious adverse event occurred during therapy in the observation group.Conclusion Rhubarb acupoint joint shuganjieyu diet in the treatment of chronic functional constipation patients with depression anxiety has significant clinical effect,which can significantly improve patients'depression and anxiety scores,quality of life,and without significant adverse reactions,it is worthy of clinical applica-tion.

Objective:To investigate the effects of extraction orthodontic treatment on the upper airway dimensions in young adult patients with malocclusion,and to evaluate the relationship between changes in the craniofacial morphology,position of incisor and upper airway dimensions.Methods:26 patients with upper and lower first premolar extraction and 21 patients without extraction were recruited.Cephalometry and dental cast analysis were performed pretreatment and posttreatment.Results:No statistical difference was found in the parameters of the upper airway dimensions in both non-extraction group and extraction group after treatment.In linear correlation analysis,SPAS was positively correlated with cephalometric variables U1-Y and L1-Y.MAS and IAS was positively correlated with cephalometric variables SNB,U1-Y and L1-Y.The multiple regression analysis revealed that the change of U1-Y had a significant positive effect on SPAS and IAS,and the change of L1-Y also had a significant positive effect on SPAS and MAS.Conclusion:The upper airway dimensions can not be altered during extraction orthodontic treatment,while the changes of incisors are significant associated with the change of the upper airway dimensions.

Background Recently,small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) procedure is used to correct myopia.The clinical safety and efficiency of SMILE have been approved,but its predictability to corneal ablation depth is brought into focus.Objective This study was to compare the predictability of ablation depth in central cornea between SMILE and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for myopia.Methods A nonrandomized controlled clinical study was performed.Two hundred and seventy eyes of 135 myopic patients who were going to receive corneal refractive surgery were included in Beijing Tongren Hospital from October 2015 to May 2016.SMILE and FS-LASIK were performed on 138 eyes of 69 patients and 132 eyes of 66 patients matched in demography respectively under the informed consent.Central corneal thickness was measured by RTVue FD-OCT before and 1 week after surgery.The refractive power,actual ablation depth (difference of central corneal thickness before and after surgery) and central corneal cutting error (difference between theoretically expected ablation depth and real ablation depth) were intergrouply compared,and the correlation of real ablation depth with theoretically expected ablation depth was assessed.Results No significant difference was found in spherical power,astigmatic power and spherical equivalent after surgery between SMILE group and FS-LASIK group (t =-1.826,-1.405,-1.420,all at P＞0.05).The actual ablation depth was (76.96± 15.27)μm in the SMILE group,which was significant lower than (96.76± 16.52) μm of theoretically expected ablation depth (t =-23.016,P ＜ 0.01);however,there was no significant difference in the FS-LASIK group between actual and expected ablation depth ([77.92 ± 18.69] μm versus [77.42± 15.60] μm) (t =-0.604,P =0.547).The central corneal cutting error was (20.55 ± 8.51) μm in the SMILE group and (7.17±5.97) μm in the FS-LASIK group,showing a significant difference between them (t=14.950,P＜0.01).The positive linear correlations were seen between actual and expected ablation depth in both SMILE group and FS-LASIK group (r=0.799,0.867,both at P＜0.01).The actual ablation depth was increased over expected ablation depth,with the regression equations of Y=3.892+0.749X in the SMILE group and Y=3.443 + 0.957X in the FS-LASIK group.Conclusions The actual corneal ablation depth is less than expected corneal ablation depth in SMILE procedure,while in FS-LASIK procedure,the actual corneal ablation depth appears to be consistent with the expected one,inferring a good predictability in corneal ablation depth in FS-LASIK surgery.

Objective To investigate probable effect of metformin on anxiety and autophagy pathway in rats with focal cerebral ischemia . Methods The rats were divided into seven groups:shame group, ischemia group, metformin group, compound C group, compound C +ischemia group, metformin+ischemia group, and metformin+compound C+ischemia group.The rats were administered with metformin 14 days and compound C 30 min pretreatment.The blood glucose level, body mass, neurological score and indicators of elevate plus maze test were recorded of two groups after 72h ischemia-perfusion.The autophagy-related protein of Atg-7, Atg-5, beclin-1 were analysed by Western blot.ResuIts Metformin had no significant effect of body mass and blood glucose level.The prior administration of metformin significantly elevated neurological score in ischemia group (P<0.01).The elevate plus maze test results showed that prior administration of metformin significantly elevated percentage of open-arms detention time in ischemia group (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference in open-arms times.Western blot result showed that prior administration of metformin significantly elevated Atg-7, Atg-5, beclin-1 protein expression in ischemia group (P<0.001).Compound C resist the above effects of metformin (P<0.01).ConcIusion The metformin improves psychological disorders and movement disability through regulation of autophagy following focal cerebral ischemia in rats.

BACKGROUND:Peripheral facial nerve injury first involves the retrograde reactions of central nervous system axons, and nerve regeneration wil depend on the survival and functional status of neuronal cel bodies. OBJECTIVE:To explore the expression of neuronal cadherin and placental cadherin in facial nuclei after facial nerve injury. METHODS:New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into model group (n=48) and control group (n=8). In the model group, every eight rabbits were used to carry out the test respectively at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21 days after the model of facial nerve injury (right side) was established. SP and real-time quantitative PCR methods were taken to test the expression of neuronal cadherin and placental cadherin in the facial nerve nucleus at mRNA and RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The control group had neuronal cadherin-and placental cadherin-positive neurons. In the model group, neuronal cadherin and placental cadherin positively expressed in the facial motorneurons (right side), and their expressions were peaked at 14 days. Compared with the control group, the mRNA expression of neuronal cadherin in the facial motorneurons was increased significantly at 4-28 days after injury;the mRNA expression of placental cadherin in the facial motorneurons was decreased significantly at 1 day after injury, and then increased significantly at 7-28 days. It is suggested that the expression of neuronal cadherin and placental cadherin is positive in the early stage of facial nerve injury, and the expression of placental cadherin is always present, while the expression of neuronal cadherin relatively lasts for a short time. After facial nerve injury, the expression of neuronal cadherin and placental cadherin in the facial nerve nucleus is both increased, which indicates that the facial nerve regeneration may be related to the high expression of adhesion molecules.

Objective To evaluate the predictive performance of diaphragm thickening fraction ( DTF) assessed by ultrasound in the feasibility of weaning from mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) . Methods Forty-three patients with COPD were enrolled for prospective study.All patients were ventilated mechanically for more than 48 hours and were expected to be weaned when they met clinical criteria in the intensive care unit from February 2015 to August 2015.Patients received a spontaneous breathing trial under pressure support for 1 h.At the end of spontaneous breathing trial, the right hemi-diaphragm was visualized in the zone of apposition using a 6-13 MHz linear ultrasound probe. Diaphragm thickness was recorded at end-inspiration (DTei) and end-expiration (DTee), and the DTF was calculated as percentage from the following formula:(DTei -DTee) /DTee.Also the rapid shallow breathing index ( RSBI ) was calculated.Patients meeting weaning criteria were extubated.Weaning successfully was defined as spontaneous breathing for >48 h without any form of ventilation support.Results Twenty-five patients were weaned successfully and failure of weaning was found in 18 patients.A significant differences in DTF ( 39.66 ±13.22 )%vs.( 23.84 ±8.85 )%, P <0.05 and RSBI ( 62.74 ±26.05 ) vs.( 98.89 ± 35.44) , P <0.05 were observed between patients with successful weaning and patients with failure.The sensitivity and specificity of DTF≥30 % for successful weaning were 84% and 83.88 %, respectively.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.872 ( 95 % CI: 0.759-0.985 ) for DTF.By comparison, when RSBI was ≤105, there was a sensitivity of 92 %, and a specificity of 38.89 % for determining successful weaning.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.804 ( 95 %CI: 0.669-0.940) for RSBI. Conclusions This study shows that in a cohort of COPD patients, the assessment of DTF using diaphragm ultrasound may be useful to predict success weaning or failure during spontaneous breathing trial.

Objective:The aim of this study was to explore the applicative effects of immune-enhanced enteral nutrition(Supportan) in preoperative preparation for patients with colorectal carcinoma.Methods:56 colorectal carcinoma patients with mid-severe malnutrition were randomly divided into two groups,experiment group and control group,each of 23.Experiment group was administrated with immune-enhanced enteral nutrition(Supportan).Control group was administrated with common enteral nutrition(Nutrison Fibre).Nutritional status,immunological function,inflammatory factor and the satisfaction of colon were observed.Results:After enteral nutrition,the plasma albumin,prealbumin,IgG,IgM,CD4+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+/ CD8+ were higher in experiment group than in control group and TNF-?,IL-6 and PGE2 were lower in experiment group than in control group.Conclusions:Immune-enhanced enteral nutrition(supportan) can improve nutritional status,strengthen immunological function,and decrease inflammatory reaction in the colorectal carcinoma patients with mid-severe malnutrition.

Object To optimize the best extraction of the total saponins in the root of Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl. (RO). Methods The extract condition of total saponins in RO was observed by orthogonal design with ophiopogonis D as index. Results The optimum extract condition of RO was established. The more effective way was to smash RO to 5-10 mesh and extract total saponins in RO with ten times amount of 80% alcohol thrice by refluxing, one hour each time. Conclusion The total saponins in RO could be fully extracted in this condition.