0.05); while in the androgen group, SR Ca 2+-ATPase activity [22.91 ? 4.56 ?mol Pi/(mg protein?hour)] was reduced to 67% (P

Objective:To investigate the effects of estrogen on sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase activity and gene expression in female rats genioglossal muscle (GG), and explore the possible molecular biology mechanism.Methods:30 male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:Control group, ovariectomy(OVX)group, ovariectomized animals receiving estradiol replacement (OVX+E2) group. The rats were sacrificed 6 weeks after surgery, and the genioglossus was taken out for analysis. Ca2+-ATPase activity was measured by detecting inorganic phosphorus ion, and SR Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) mRNA level was observed using fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (FQ RT-PCR) method. Results:Compared to the control group, SR Ca2+-ATPase activity of OVX group remarkably reduced(P0.05).Conclusion:Serum level of estrogen of adult female rats may influence the function of genioglossal muscle by influencing SR Ca2+-ATPase activity and the SERCA mRNA expression.

0.05).(2) Compared with NC group,there was a significant decrease in GG fatigue resistance in CIH group(P

Aim: To study the effects of chitosan on hepatic lipids in fatty liver rats. Methods: The rats given a low does of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and fed a high-fat diet were treated with chitosan in different doses. Results: When rats were treated with mid dose of chitosan (4mg? g~-1?d~-1), the contents of triglycerde (TG). total cholesterol (TC) in liver decreased significantly, the level of mitochondria malonal-dialdehyde (MDA) was markedly attenuated and the mitochondria membrane fluidity was restored, which compared with model group. Conclusion: Chitosan may decrease the hepatic lipids by reduced the lipid peroxida- tion and restored mitochondria membrane fluidity to improve the mitochondrial beta-oxida- tion.

AIM: To explore whether NF-?B activation participates in the activated Akt signaling-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. METHODS: We used two in vivo models of cardiac hypertrophy, namely, aortic banding in Sprague-Dawley rats for 3 weeks and transgenic mice with cardiac specific expression of constitutively active Akt (caAkt). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to determine NF-?B binding activity with nuclear proteins extracted from heart tissues. Western blots were performed to examine the phosphorylation of Akt and phosphor-I?B? with appropriate specific anti-phospho antibodies. RESULTS: ① The heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio was significantly increased by 34 5% ( P

Purpose　The aim is to study the preventing effect and me chanism of chitosan on fatty liver rats.Methods　The rats give n a lo w dose of carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) and fed a high-fat diet to induce fatty liver model were treated with chitosan in different concentrations.The extensio n of steatosis area and changes in mitochondrial ultrastructure in liver were es timated by a computer color image analysis system and a quantitative analysis(st ereology).Results　When rats were treated with a mid dose of c hitosan [4g/(kg*d)],the degree of hepatocytic steatosis was markedly diminished, and the injured mitochondrial structure was improved compared with model group.Co nclusion　It was suggested that chitosan might enhance the oxidative catabolism of lipid in fatty liver.

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility,technique and clinical effect of applying laparoscopic plastic surgery in the treatment of horseshoe kidney.Methods Eleven patients with horseshoe kidney were admitted from Mar.2006 to Mar.2011.There were 5 males and 6 females with mean age of 27years (14 to 46 years).Clinical manifestations included lower-back pain in 8 cases,lower-back pain and hematuria in 2 cases,lower-back pain and fever in 1 case.There were 6 cases accompanied with kidney calculi.All the cases with calculus were in left kidney and there was 1 case with multiple calculi.There were 11 cases accompanied with left hydronephrosis.Of which,there were moderate hydronephrosis in 6 cases,severe hydronephrosis in 5 cases.There were 3 cases accompanied with mild right hydronephrosis.There were 2 patients with renal insufficiency,1 patient with urinary tract infection.The surgery procedures included laparoscopic isthmectomy and plastic surgery in 3 cases,isthmectomy and plastic surgery and pelviolithotomy in 6 cases,isthmectomy and vascular compression release in 2 cases.ResultsAll patients had successful surgeries with the mean operative time of 145 min (95 - 190 min).The average blood loss was 250 ml ( 100 -400 ml).Average postoperative hospital stay was 10 d (7 - 15 d).One patient suffered from urinary leakage after surgery and recovered after anti-inflammatory therapy and local drainage.One patient suffered from secondary hemorrhage controlled with DSA.All the patients were followed up with a mean of 17 months (6 -28 months).In 6 cases with moderate hydronephrosis,5 patients recovered to mild hydronephrosis and 1 case improved from preoperative renal hydronephrosis 3.5 cm to postoperative 3.0 cm.In 5 cases with severe hydronephrosis,3 patients improved to moderate hydronephrosis,2 patients to mild hydronephrosis.One patient with kidney stone had 0.4 cm residual stone.Three patients complained of occasional mild backache.One patient suffered from hematuria and urinary tract infection,recovered after antiinflammatory therapy for 2 weeks.The remaining 6 patients were in good conditions during the follow-up.ConclusionTransperitoneal laparoscopic plastic surgery is able to deal with horseshoe kidney isthmus malformation and comorbidities,and is another alternative for the treatment of horseshoe kidney.

Objective To summarize the causes and treatment strategies for laparoscopic vascular injuries.Methods We had retrospectively reviewed 1858 cases of laparoscopic surgeries from March 2006 to February 2011.There were 10 cases (6 males and 4 females) had intraoperative vascular injuries.The mean age of these 10 patients was 49 years (ranged from 21 to 78 years).2 cases were aortic injuries,2 cases were vena cava injuries,4 cases were renal vein injuries,1 case was iliac vein injury and 1 case was iliac artery injury.The causes of vascular injuries included 2 cases caused by lack of anatomical understanding; 1 cases occurred during establishment of the first puncture site ; 2 cases caused by forced operation during the procedure; 2 cases caused due to ectopic anatomy; 3 cases caused due to adhesions and difficulties in dissection.Treatment strategies were maintaining pneumoperitoneum pressure and rapidly increasing the pressure to 2.6Kpa if a large amount of bleeding in a short time.With the help of suction,the bleeding sites could be identified.If necessary,an additional trocar was added to help exposure.The bleeding was closed with 4-0 vessel sutures.For arterial bleeding,the upper and lower ends of blood vessel ruptures were clipped with bulldog clamp,then follow the same procedures of variceal bleeding sutures if the bleeding were controlled.Results In 7 of the 10 cases,the bleedings were successfully controlled by laparoscopic technique,while the other 3 were converted to open surgery for bleeding control.The average laparoscopic hemostasis time in the 7 cases was 14 min (range from 8 to 25 min),the average blood loss was 530 ml (range from 150 to 1600 ml).Rupture size were 0.2-1.0 cm.One aortic injury case had complication of big post operative local hematoma which was spontaneously absorbed 3 months after surgery.And the other 9 patients did not have air embolism,hemorrhage and other complications.Conclusions Laparoscopic vascular injuries can be caused by a variety of causes.The strategies of controlling the bleeding are calmness and the fine suturing to control bleeding.A skillful assistant also plays an important role in dealing with this complication.

Aim To investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of kaemperol in the rats with chronic cere-bral ischemia.Methods Chronic cerebral hypoperfu-sion model was produced by permanent occlusion of bi-lateral common carotid arteries (2VO)in rats.After KAE treatment,the rats underwent Morris water maze and prehensile traction test.Neuronal morphology was observed using Nissl and HE staining.The activity of SOD and the content of MDA in brain tissue were de-termined.The DJ-1 protein expression was assayed by Western blot.Results Compared with 2VO model group,KAE significantly improved learning and memo-ry and the grasping ability.In addition,KAE signifi-cantly reduced brain tissue pathological injury induced by 2VO. Furthermore, KAE significantly increased SOD activity and enhanced antioxidant protein DJ-1 ex-pression in brain tissue.Conclusions KAE could sig-nificantly attenuate the cognitive impairment,limb bal-ance dysfunction and pathological injury in rats with chronic cerebral ischemia.The mechanism may be re-lated to improving the antioxidant system in vivo.

OBJECTIVE: To present a new approach for the research of effective components extracted from compounds of traditional Chinese medicine and their action mechanisms by high-throughput screening assay. METHODS: We observed the anti-oxidation activities of 240 sequential components (L1-L120 and A1-A120) extracted from Xiaoxuming Recipe, the effects of these components on SH-SY5Y cells with H(2)O(2)-induced and L-glutamic acid-induced damages and the levels of resting calcium ion in neurocytes of rats. RESULTS: Some components (L1-L40, A100-A120) extracted from Xiaoxuming Recipe had the corresponding effects listed above. The combination of these components was regarded as the groups of effective components of Xiaoxuming Recipe in treating sequelae resulting from brain ischemia. CONCLUSION: Xiaoxuming Recipe has protective effect on brain-ischemia-induced damages through the actions of multiple components with multiple targets.