Objective To discuss pathogenesis of low back pain induced by chronic compartment syndrome. Method Thirty patients who had definite chronic lumboscaral compartment syndrome without other lumbal diseases were choosed respectively to test muscle force of lumbar and abdomen,intra-sacrospinal muscle pressure,blood routine,ESR,CK,CK-MM,LDH and LDHs.All patients received decompressive operation.Skeletal muscle specimens taken from sacrospinal muscle in each operation were possessed for histological and ultrastructuml observation. Result All of enzyme tests were normal.The author could observe the dissolved degeneration of part of sacrospinal muscle fibers,muscle fiber hypertrophy,and a small quantity of inflammatory cell infiltration with a light microscope.Focal solution of muscle fiber,the aggregation of mitochondria around the nucleus,the increase of lipid droplet and lysosome in cyte,and the proliferation and differentiation of muscle satellite cell could be observed with an electron microscope. Conclusion Pathogenesis of chronic lumboscaral compartment syndrome may be as followed.Intra-compartmental pressures increase,causing metabolism disturbance of the tissues under fascia compartment,damaging skeletal muscle chronically,then inflammatory factors are released,which stimulates posterior branch of spinal nerves,and finally induces low back pain.

Object The permeability of integerrimine was studied in vitro to design its anticancer preparations Methods Vilia Chien diffusion cells were adopted as apparatus for in vitro skin permeation, nude mouse skins were used as permeation barrier and permeation coefficient (P) was calculated The concentrations of integerrimine in samples were measured by RP HPLC, and the effects of Azone, 4% Tween 80, 8% propylene glycol on it were studied Results Its P is 1 184?10 -2 cm/h with water solution as donor and pH 6 8 PBS as receptor Its enhancement rate (ER) of 2% Azone and 8% propylene glycol is 2 8 and 1 5, while Tween 80 inhibits its penetration Conclusion Integerrimine is a good candidate of antiskin cancer for transdermal drug delivery, and the optimal formulation can be designed according to the experiments

Objective The self-microemulsifying drug delivery system(SMEDDS) with tanshinone ⅡA was prepared in order to develop its new dosage forms.Methods Pseudo ternary phase diagrams were used to evaluate the self-microemulsification existence area under emulsifier,coemulsifer,and oil phase.The HPLC analysis in vitro was set up.Solubility in various vehicles was determined.The self-microemulsification efficiency was assessed,such as stability,particle size,and Zeta potential.Results The solubi-lity of tanshinone ⅡA in SMEDDS was about 2.5 mg/g,droplet size was within 20 nm,and the absolute value of Zeta potential was over 60 mV.The stability of SMEDDS with tanshinone ⅡA was better in centrifugal condition with high temperature but not good enough to the light.Conclusion The SMEDDS can make tanshinone ⅡA solublized in water,and is an optimum vehicle in new dosage forms of tanshinone ⅡA.

Objective:To study the effect of nursing English teaching combining with humanistic care educa-tion. Methods:Six classes of nursing students of 2011 grade were chosen randomly by sampling as control and ex-perimental group. The control group used the traditional teaching method without humanistic care education. The experimental group combined humanistic care education with nursing English teaching. Nursing students' humanistic caring ability scale and self-designed questionnaire were used to compare the teaching effects of the two groups. Results:The humanistic caring ability of experimental group was higher than that of the control group ( P<0 . 05 ) . The experimental group gives high evaluation on the effect of nursing English combining with humanistic care edu-cation. Conclusion:Nursing English combining with humanistic care education helps to improve nursing students' humanistic concern consciousness and enhance their humanistic caring ability.

Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of danhong injection combined with edaravone for acute cerebral infarction ( ACI) . Methods To search CBM、CNKI、VIP、WF、MEDLINE for randomized controlled trials ( RCTs) of related articles from inception to November 2014.After assessed the quality of studies included,RevMan5.2 software was used to analyze data. Results 23 studies,were included and 2 001 patients were involved.The results showed that the effective rate of danhong injection combined with edaravone for ACI was better than that of control group with statistical significance [ RR=1.23, 95%CI (1.17,1.29), P<0.000 01].Meta-analysis on the improvement of neurological deficit and activities of daily living also showed a better effectiveness of experimental group than control group with statistical significance [MD=-3.09,95%CI(-3.68,-2.50),P<0.000 01];[MD=15.15,95%CI(12.69,17.62), P<0.000 01].But the result showed no statistical significance in safety evaluation of two groups [RR=1.88,95%CI(0.76,4.63),P=0.17]. Conclusion Although the results support the conclusion that danhong injection with edaravone is safe and superior to either danhong injection or edaravone or conventional treatment, further large sample and high quality randomized controlled trials should be carried out.

AIM: The gel vehicle was optimized by release and transdermal resorption of integerrimine in vitro in order to design its anti-cancer transdermal drug delivery system. METHODS: The releasing rate was detected by dissolution Vilia-Chien diffusion cells, nude mouse skin were used as permeation barrier, the concentration of integerrimine in samples was measured by RP-HPLC. RESULTS: Integerrimine releases of three different vehicles conformed to Higuchi equation, the releasing rate of CMC-Na gel is faster than that of HPMC gel, and that of Carbopol gel is the slowest in three, and corresponded with zero kinetic equation. CONCLUSION: HPMC is an drug vehicle of choice.

AIM: The powder characteristic, water and ethanol extraction amount, extraction amount of active ingredient ferulic acid were comparatively studied between crude powder and micronized powder to explore the application of micronization technology to Angelica Sinennsis. METHODS: Angelica Sinennsis powder was characterized by laser diffraction analyzer and scanning electron microscopy, the angle of repose and bulk density were measured, the water and ethanol extraction were quantified by cooled and heated extraction, the active ingredient ferulic acid was detected by RP HPLC after it released from Angelica Sinennsis. RESULTS: The differences of particle characteristic and surface morphology between the crude and superfine powder were significant, however, water and enthanol extraction amount were not increased markedlky, the dissolution amount of ferulic acid was almost the same. CONCLUSION: Pharmaceutical characteristic of Angelica Sinennsis powder is affected by micronization, but its bioavailability is not improved. Micronization technology is not suitable to Angelica Sinennsis.

Objective:To study the optimal extraction process of Yinxiejing. Methods: An orthogonal experimental method was used with reflux time, reflux times, ethanol concentration and volume as the influencing factors, and emodin and osthole content as the indices. Results:The optimal extraction conditions for Yinxiejing were as follows:refluxing twice with 2 h every time using 8-fold 80%ethanol. Conclusion:The optimum process is stable and feasible.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the cleaning and disinfecting effect of digestive endoscope by the Mall disinfection center for endoscopes.METHODS Fifty-six pieces of endoscopes were cleaned and disinfected by the Mall disinfection center,and checked randomly. An other 50 endoscopes were treated as control group.All pieces were taken the biological inspection.RESULTS The qualification rate of lumen disinfection was 100% in test group,and 92% in control group(P

Objective To investigate the effects of rapamycin which is an autophagy inducer and 3-adenine (3-MA) which is an autophagy inhibitor on motor behavior and autophagy related protein LC3 in C57BL/6 mice of Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods 40 C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into control group and experimental groups which consist of MPTP model group,rapamycin group and 3-MA group,with 10 in each group.Mice in experimental groups received intraperitoneal injection with MPTP to establish PD models,and mice in control group received intraperitoneal injection with the same amount of saline solution for 1 week.Mice in rapamycin group received intraperitoneal injection with rapamycin and mice in 3-MA group received intraperitoneal injection with 3-MA at the same time when MPTP was injected.Animal behavior detections were carried out on the 1 th,7th and 14th day after the last injection.After the last injection,mice were sacrificed and sections of midbrain nigra were gained for the detection of expression of autophagy specificity protein LC3 by Western Blot.Results Compared with MPTP model group,rapamycin could improve the general condition and behavioral manifestation of mice in pole test((14.89± 1.14) s vs (16.24±1.39) s,P＜0.05;(15.18±1.36) s vs(17.93±1.11s),P＜0.01),traction test((1.7±0.5) vs (1.2±0.4),P＜ 0.05;(1.5±0.5)vs (1.1±0.3),P＜0.05) and open field test which contained total activity distance((5 875.3 ± 1148.9) cm vs (5 061.5±773.1) cm,P＜0.05;(5 753.2± 1 106.7) cm vs (4 669.3±969.1) cm,P＜0.01) and average speed((19.29±2.35) cm/s vs (16.47±3.01) cm/s,P＜0.05;(18.71±2.71)cm/s vs (15.80±2.50) cm/s,P＜0.01),while 3-MA aggravated behavioral deficits of mice in pole test(19.92± 1.61s vs 17.93± 1.11 s,P＜0.05),and both total activity distance((3 879.7±575.0) cm vs (4 669.3±969.1) cm,P＜0.05) and average speed((13.34± 1.87) cm/s vs (15.80±2.50) cm/s,P＜0.05) in open field test were decreased.The results of Western Blot confirmed that rapamycin could increase the expression of LC3-Ⅱ,however 3-MA could re duce the expression of LC3-Ⅱ.Conclusion This study confirmed that rapamycin could alleviate behavioral symptoms of PD model mice and increase the level of LC3 in midbrain nigra,while 3-MA could exacerbate behavioral symptoms in PD model mice and decrease the level of LC3 in midbrain nigra.Thus it can be speculated that drugs which can regulate autophagy may be potential treatment protocols for PD.