Medium filtering efficiency and loading capacity have been evaluated using staphylococcus aureus aerosol,0.75?m NaCl aerosol and Ecoli.F2 phage aerosol,and the face fit factor of actual wearing has been tested under eight predefined activities.The results have shown that the filtration efficiencies of respirator for the three kinds of tested aerosol were above 99 percent,the breathing resistance was less than 250 Pa,and while the load reached 150mg,the breathing resistance of the respirator was still below standards.The fit factors of most of the objects were over the detection capacity of the international standard test set.Our mask offers the best biological protection quality of all the protection equipments in international market.The new biological protective respirator comes to the equal protection result of the half face mask.It can be stored in a flat surface construction form,while be used in the cavity construction style.It is convenient for the troops to be equipped and applied for its smaller physical volume and lighter weight.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of acupuncture and medication on PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in rats with premature ovarian failure.

METHODSTen of fifty SPF-grade female SD rats were randomly selected into a normal group, and the remaining 40 rats were treated with intraperitoneal injection of cyclophospha mide (30 mg/kg) for consecutive 5 days to establish rat model of premature ovarian failure. Thirty five successful rat models were randomly divided into a model group (9 cases), a medication group (9 cases), an acupuncture group A (9 cases) and an acupuncture group B (8 cases). The rats in the model group and normal group did not receive any treatment. The rats in the medication group were treated with intragastric administration of diethylstil bestrol, once a day. The rats in the acupuncture group A and acupuncture group B were respectively treated with acupuncture at different acupoints, twice a day. All the treatment was given for 4 weeks. After the treatment, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to test the levels of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteotropic hormone (LH). The ovarian tissue sample was processed with hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining as well as RNA and protein extraction to test the mRNA expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha), estrogen receptor beta (ERP), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine/threonine kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).

RESULTSHigh-dose short-term in- tervention of cyclophosphamide could establish rat model of premature ovarian failure with a successful rate of 87.5%. Compared with the normal group, the vaginal smear in the model group was featured with signs of estro gen deficiency, early-follicle reduction, structural damage to the follicle, and reducing number of mature follicles; the level of E2 was significantly reduced (P<0.05), levels of P, FSH and ILH were increased (all P<0.05), and mRNA expression of estrogen-related ERP3, PI3K, Akt and mTOR were all reduced (all P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the number of mature follicle was increased in the medication group and acupuncture groups, the levels of E2 was obviously increased (all P<0.05). level of FSH was reduced (all P<0.05), and mRNA expression of PI3K, Akt and mTOR all showed an increasing trend (all P<0.05). The differences of each index result between acupuncture groups and medication group were not significant (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture has certain advantage for the treatment of premature ovarian failure, which achieves similar therapeu tic effect as estrogen; the possible mechanism may be related to up-regulation of gene and protein expression in PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Estradiol ; blood ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Oncogene Protein v-akt ; genetics ; metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency ; blood ; enzymology ; genetics ; therapy ; Progesterone ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism

Regenerative endodontic procedures, based on dental pulp biology, use the basic principles of tissue engineering to promote the functional regeneration of dental pulp-dentin complexes. Good results have been achieved in the treatment of young permanent teeth with pulp necrosis or apical periodontitis. There have also been preliminary clinical explorations of the treatment of mature permanent teeth in recent years. The key to successful treatment is controlling infection as well as promoting tissue repair and regeneration. Moderate root canal mechanical preparation is allowed in the therapy of mature permanent teeth, while it is not recommended in the treatment of young permanent teeth. The choice of root canal irrigation and intracanal antisepsis requires a comprehensive consideration of the antibacterial effects, biological safety, and possible complications, such as crown discoloration and root canal calcification. The development of bioceramic materials provides more options for crown sealing materials, but further clinical evaluation is needed. In addition to traditional blood clot scaffolds, new types of tissue scaffolds represented by platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich fibrin, concentrated growth factors and other platelet concentrates have been developed. Long-term and large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the actual clinical efficacy of these new scaffolds and the efficacy of their combined application with blood clots.