Objective To evaluate the value of MR in the diagnosis of glomus jugulare tumors.Methods 15 cases (8 in the right and 7 in the left-side) of glomus jugulare tumors were retrospectively analysed, with the emphasis on the locations, MR signal intensities andthe invading appearances to the surrounding structures of tumors. Results The tumors demonstrated as oval or irregular shape. Thesurrounding bones around the jugular fossa were destroyed in 12 masses. The signal intensity of the tumors was heterogeneous and with marked “salt and pepper”appearance in 12 masses(12/15) on plain MR imaging. The masses(13/13)were all markedly enhanced after the injection of Gd-DTPA, in which 10 of them presented with “salt and pepper”appearance. MR angiography was performed in 9 cases, theinternal carotid artery and the internal jugular vein were all displaced and/or encompassed.Conclusion Glomus jugulare tumor can becorrectly diagnosed according to the combination of MR imaging features with the typical localization,“salt and pepper” appearance and bone erosion in the skull base.

To assess the effect and the safety of Naoxinqing Tablet in treating cerebral atherosclerosis and angina pectoris of coronary heart disease. Forty-eight patients with cerebral atherosclerosis and 12 patients with angina pectoris of coronary heart disease served as the objects. The effective rates were 83.33% and 75.00% in cerebral atherosclerosis group and angina pectoris of coronary heart disease group respectively, and the total effective rate of Naoxinqing Tablet was 81.67%, the difference being significant as compared with those before treatment (P

Objective To analyze the MR findings of vagal paraganglioma.Methods Six cases of vagal paraganglioma(4 benign and 2 malignant)were retrospectively analyzed with the emphasis on the location,MR signal intensity,dislocation of the carotid vessels,and the metastasis of the tumor.Results The tumors located in the superior(4 cases),middle(1 case)and inferior(1 case)neck,respectively,with right-sided in 4 cases and left-sided in 2 cases.The signal intensities of the six tumors were heterogeneous,combined with 'salt and pepper' appearance in 4 cases in which the 'pepper' appearance was more marked.On MR angiography performed in 4 cases,carotid arteries were found dislocated anteriomedially.Two cases were diagnosed as malignancies by the manifestations of destruction of surrounding bone,metastasis of bilateral lungs and/or the lymph nodes.Conclusion Vagal paragangliomas could be correctly diagnosed before surgery according to their locations and signal intensities.

Objective To study the distribution of genotypes of hepatitis C virus in Guizhou and its relationship between infec-tious route of genotype and age ,gender was analyzed .Methods Serum specimens in this study were obtained from 198 patients , whose anti-HCV and HCV RNA were positive .A reverse transcriptase PCR(RT nested-PCR)assay using conserved primers de-duced from the core-envelope 1(C-E1)region of the hepatitis C virus(HCV)genome was employed to amplify a 474-nucleotide-long fragment .Phylogenetic analysis of the C-E1 sequences was conducted by direct sequencing of the RT-PCR products and alignment with published HCV subtypes in GenBank .Subtypes of the samples were determined by nucleotide sequencing followed by composi-tion of a phylogenetic tree .Results Among the 198 patients surveyed ,genotype 1a was detected in 4 cases(2 .0% ) ,genotype 1b in 71 cases(35 .9% ) ,genotype 2a in 9 cases(4 .6% ) ,genotype 3a in 29 cases(14 .7% ) ,genotype 3b in 47 cases(23 .7% ) ,genotype 6 a in 37 cases(18 .7% )and genotype 6d in 1 cases(0 .5% ) .Genotype distribution on gender had no statistical significance(P>0 .05) , and its distribution on people with different ages had statistical significance(P<0 .05) ,and its distribution on patients with different infectious routes was significantly different(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The major genotypes of HCV are 1b ,3b ,6a and 3a in Guizhou , and genotype 1a is predominant .Genotypes 1a ,2a and 6d exist too .Genotypes of patients infected with HCV are related to their in-fectious routes ,and the HCV genotypes are in a great variety .

Objective To understand the pathogen distribution situation among the children inpatients with hand ,foot and mouth diseases(HFMD) in Guiyang area during 2012 to provide the basis for the diagnosis ,treatment and prevention .Methods The data in 3 179 cases of HFMD were collected .The fluorescence quantitative RT‐PCR was adopted to perform the genotyping on universal enterovirus ,enterovirus 71(EV71)and Coxsackie virus A16(CA16) .Results A total 3 179 samples of HFMD were col‐lected ,among them ,151 cases (4 .75% ) were CA16 positive ,331 cases (10 .41% ) were EV71 positive ,7 cases (0 .22% ) were CA16 and EV71 co‐infection ,and 897 cases(28 .22% )were the other enterovirus .The whole year had 2 peaks of onset ,which were April to July and October to November .The onset age focused on the children aged under 5 years old (96 .16% ) ,among them ,0-3 years old had the highest onset ,moreover male children were more than female .Conclusion The etiology distribution of children HFMD in Guiyang area during 201 was dominated by the other genotypes of enterovirus and EV71 .

Objective To investigate the technical requirements for the 3.0T multi-modal quantitative MR imaging of the rabbit liver.Methods A total of 8 rabbits were scanned and T1 mapping,T2 mapping,MT and Gd EOB-DTPA dynamic enhancement images were acquired.For the dynamic enhanced scanning,injecting contrast medium was followed by saline flush with different combinations of injection flow rate (1.5 mL/s and 2 mL/s) and injection volume(6 mL and 8 mL).The quality of the images was assessed and analyzed statistically.Results The total scanning time was about 20-25 min.High-quality images were acquired by T1 mapping,T2 mapping and MT sequences.There was no significant difference in image quality among different groups in Gd-EOB-DTPA dynamic enhanced scanning(P＞0.05).Two rabbits died when the combination of injection flow rate of 2 mL/s and injection volume of 8 mL was used.Conclusion 3.0 T multi-modal quantitative MR scanning of rabbit liver can be achieved successfully if scanning parameters are properly chosen.

Objective: To clarify the predictive value for long-term prognosis of GRACE score and SYNTAX score in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).
Methods: A total of 784 NSTE-ACS patients treated in our hospital from 2009-01 to 2014-01 were retrospectively studied. According to the treatment, the patients were divided into 3 groups: Medication group,n=410, Stent group,n=325 and CABG group,n=49. Based on 2 scoring systems, the patients were divided into another 3 groups: Low risk group, Medium risk group and High-risk group. The relationship between GRACE score and SYNTAX score was studied by Pearson correlation analysis, survival analysis was conducted by Kaplan-Meier method, univariate and multivariate analysis were performed by Cox proportional hazard model, and the area under curve (AUC) of ROC analysis was used to compare two methods.
Results: All 784 patients completed the follow-up study at the median of 47.7 months. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a weak positive correlation between GRACE score and SYNTAX score (r=0.40,P<0.01). Survival analysis presented that by GRACE score system, the MACE occurrence rates in Low risk group, Medium risk group and High-risk group were elevated accordingly as 13.81%, 23.64% and 36.55% respectively. And by SYNTAX system, MACE occurrence rates in Medium risk group and High-risk group were 39.29% and 37.93%, which were both higher than that in Low risk group (23.99%), while the scores between Medium and High risk groups were similar,P>0.05. Cox proportional hazard model and ROC analysis indicated that GRACE and SYNTAX scores had the important predictive value for lone term prognosis of NSTE-ACS. ROC analysis of GRACE score, SYNTAX score, the combination of GRACE and SYNTAX scores showed that 3 of them all had good predictive value for MACE occurrence, three of 95% CI had signiifcant overlapping without statistic differences.
Conclusion: GRACE score and SYNTAX score are related, both of them have important while similar predictive value for long term prognosis in NSTE-ACS patients, the combination of 2 scores cannot increase the predictive value. GRACE score is appropriate for the risk stratiifcation in NSTE-ACS patients.

Objective To understand the enterovirus(EV) pathogenic composition of Coxsackie virus(CV)A6 and A10 causing hand foot and mouth disesse(HFMD) in Guiyang area during 2015 to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of HFMD in local area.Methods The specific primers were respectively designed according to CVA6 and CVA10 sequence published in GenBank.The fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR method system was established.The gene sequencing method was used for conducting verification.Then this method was used to detect the clinical samples from 607 cases of HFMD.Results A total of 607 samples of suspected HFMD were detected,the overall positive rate was 59.47 ％ (361/607),in which EV71 accounted for 7.25 ％ (44/607),CVA16 for 11.37％(69/607),EV71+CVA16 double positive accounted for 0.16％ (1/607) and other EV for 40.69％ (247/607).The positive samples of CVA6,CVA10 and CVA6+CVA10 detected by the established real time fluorescence RT-PCR were 11 cases,71 cases and 1 case.Conclusion CVA6 and CVA10 are the main pathogens causing new onset HFMD in Guiyang area and the CVA10 monitoring should be strengthened.

Objective The vertical mammoplasty which improves the breast morphology and reduces the operative scar has become the first selection of breast reduction.However,the nipple-and-areola complex (NAC) had the risk of necrosis in those severe patients.In this report,we performed the vertical reduction mammoplasty based on Wu'ringer's horizontal septum to reduce the NAC necrosis possibility.Methods Typical Lejourmosque-dome design was performed.The inferior part of glandular tissue and the skin were excised.The NAC was elevated to normal position based on Wu'ringer's horizontal septum.The breast morphology was modified with vertical scar left.Results 79 patients were operated.4 patients had unilateral breast reduction.4 breasts had partial wound dehiscence.They were treated conservatively with topical dressing.No complete NAC necrosis occurred.Conclusions The vertical reduction mammoplasty based on Wu'ringer's horizontal septum is a safe and effective procedure.The NAC necrosis risk is reduced.This method deserves to be recommended.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of recombinant human Interferon α2b (rhIFN α2b) spray in hand,foot and mouth disease (HMFD).Methods In total,313 HMFD children were enrolled from Beijing Ditan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University,Tianjing Second People's Hospital,Hebei Children's Hospital,the Second Hospital affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College,Kunming Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Guiyang Public Health Treatment Center from March,2015 to February,2017.They were divided into rhIFN α2b group (148 cases) and ribavirin group (165 cases).The children in rhIFN α2b group were given with the rhIFN α2b spray,and those in ribavirin group were given with the ribavirin spray.Meanwhile,the children were given unified standard interventions for basic treatment.The curative effect and safety between two groups was compared.The t test was used for intergroup comparison and the Wilcoxon rank test was used for non-normal quantitative data.Results At the end of the follow-up period,all kids reached the recovery level,with 144 cases in the rhIFN α2b group and 164 cases in the ribavirin group.Fever,herpes and rashes all disappeared with 7-day follow-up.The total efficiency of the rhIFN α2b group measured at the 72h after treatment was 74.15％,which showed significant differences compared with the ribavirin group with 49.09 ％ efficiency (Z=4.44,P＜0.01).As the secondary outcome measures,the complete disappearance time of fever and the immediate disappearance time of fever in the rhIFN α2b group were significantly shorter than those in the ribavirin group ([27.03±21.99] vs [33.21±26.71],t=-2.13;[23.56±13.96] vs [28.51±18.84],t=-2.07,both P＜0.05).The appetite improvement and the disappearance times of oral herpes and rashes in the rhIFN α2b group were shorter than those in the ribavirin group,with significant differences (x2 =4.94,3.17 and 3.55,respectively,all P=0.000).No adverse event in both groups.Conclusions rhIFN α2b spray treatment in HMFD is proved significantly effective,particularly,it can evidently relieve fever symptoms and promote the disappearance of oral herpes symptoms,and no adverse event is observed throughout the study,which indicates a good safety of the rhIFN α2b spray.Clinical trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,ChiCTR-OIN-17013182.