This study was aimed to explore the influence of extreme environment changes on the lung immune function in rats. Artificial climate system was used to simulate six extreme weathers, which were the sudden temperature increase (ZS), sudden temperature drop (ZJ), continuous high temperature (CG), continuous low temperature (CD), high temperature and high humidity (GWGS), normal temperature and high humidity (CWGS). And then, the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adopted to detect bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and related immune substances in lung tissues. The results showed there was significant difference of ZJ on IL-10 (P<0.05). There were significant differences of CG, CD, GWGS, and CWGS on IL-6, INF-γ and sIgA (P<0.05). Contents of the GWGS group and CWGS group were higher than that of the CG group and CD group. There was very significant difference on IL-10 in the CD group (P<0.01). It was concluded that the extreme environment changes had different influence on body’s immune. And different intervention factors cause the body’s immune factors to response accordingly.

Objective:To introduce the application of 3D printing technology in standardized residency training of percutaneous precise biopsy.Methods:Twenty-two residents were randomly divided into innovative teaching group and traditional teaching group, with 11 ones in each group. Residents in both groups received standardized training of percutaneous biopsy procedure. Innovative teaching group was given 3D printing template combined with guided operation, while traditional teaching group used bare hand operation. The time spent in biopsy, the times of needle adjustment, the frequency of CT scanning during operation, the positive rate of material sampling and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results:During the percutaneous lung biopsy, two groups of physicians performed the procedure. There was no significant difference between the two groups in operation time [(22.34±3.12) vs. (23.56±4.21)] and the positive rate of sampling (72.73% vs. 90.91%) ( P> 0.05), but there were significant differences in the times of adjusting biopsy needle during operation [(2.11±0.67) vs. (1.02±0.93)], the frequency of intraoperative CT scanning [(4.35±0.76) vs. (3.12±0.84)] and the incidence of complications (54.55% vs. 27.27%) ( P< 0.05). In percutaneous peritoneal organ biopsy, there was no significant difference among the two groups in the operation time [(16.25±2.89) vs. (15.12±2.59)], the number of CT scans [(3.45±0.79) vs. (2.98±0.23)] and the positive rate (78.57% vs. 88.24%) ( P> 0.05), but there were significant differences in times of intraoperative biopsy needle adjustments [(2.43±0.43) vs. (1.84±0.89)] and the incidence of complications (35.71% vs. 5.88%) ( P< 0.05). Conclusion:The application of 3D printing technology combined with the teaching of three-dimensional guided stent can make percutaneous biopsy technique stylized and standardized. It is of great significance to standardize the operation for improving the quality of medical treatment, and it is worth popularizing in clinical teaching.

@@