Objective To study the effects of green tea extract on the decrease of serum lipids and body mass index in middle-aged person.Methods A total of 248 middle-aged person with mild hypercholesterolemia were randomly divided into 2 groups and assigned to receive tablets containing green tea extract or placebo for 20 weeks.The serum lipids and body mass index were measured.Results The levels of serum total cholesterol and lower-density lipoprotein,and the body mass index were significantly decreased with the treatment of green tea extract(all P

Objective:To study the preventive effect of drinking green tea on serum lipids and obesity of middle aged people. Method:Total of 3 317 middle-aged people were ascertained by a questionnaire, and their serum lipids were measured at their health examination. Results:Consumption of green tea significantly decreased serum total cholesterol (P

Objective To comprehensively understand the first aid skills for spinal cord injury of army members and improve their first aid skills through interventions.Methods A total of 2 200 troops members were selected within the army (Navy,Army and Air Forces).Intervention methods included questionnaire assessment,multimedia teaching and demonstration of first aid for spinal injuries.The total intervention time was 1 year,with once every four months.Results There distributed 2 200 copies of questionnaire before intervention and received 2 118 valid copies,with the total reclaim rate of 96.27％.A total of 2 118 copies of questionnaires were distributed after intervention and received 2 074 valid copies,with the total reclaim rate of 97.92％.Theoretical examination and skill test results of the army members were significantly improved after the intervention (all P ＜0.01).The general individual factors showed no effect on first aid of spinal cord injury before and after intervention.Before the intervention,the navy members had higher score than the land forces members and the air force members; however,no significant difference was found on the scores of different forces after the intervention.Conclusions The first aid skills for spinal cord injury of the army members has a big gap from the actual requirements.Improvement of first aid skills for spinal cord injury of the officers and soldiers can save the lives of themselves or comrades and hence is important in minimizing the combat attrition in future potential local high-tech wars.

Objective To describe the clinical characteristics and etiology diagnosis of an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection in a military camp. Methods Two hundred and twenty-five cases were investigated using unified epidemiological questionnaires to describe the epidemiological characteristics. The etiological tests of 30 pharynx swab specimen were performed. The serum neutralized antibodies of 52 patients in acute and convalescence phases were detected by neutralization test. The patients and their close contacts were isolated. Air, stuffs and ground were all disinfected. Results Two hundred and twenty-five cases were distributed all the camp with obvious dormitory aggregation and the aggregation rate was 44. 9%. Among the 225 cases, all cases had fever and 161 (71.6%) had cough, 111 (49.3%) had pharyngalgia, 102 (45.3%) had headache, 31 (13.8%) had chest stuffy and 4(1. 8%) had dyspnea. Twenty (66. 7%) phargnxswab specimens turned to be adenorirus gene positive by polymerase chain reaction. Pharynx swab specimens were cultured in HepG2, Hela, RD and Vero cells, and 16 (53. 3%) presented with cytopathic changes. IgM antibody screening demonstrated that 24 cases were infected with Adenovirus, and neutralization test showed that antibodies increased ≥4 folds in paired sera from 28 cases. During 10 days after patient isolation and general disinfection, there was no new case of Adenovirus infection. Conclusions This outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection in a military camp was caused by Adenovirus, Timely andreasonable preventing measures can control the epidemic quickly.

OBJECTIVE: To survey and promote the ability of military men to treat burns. METHODS: A total of 2200 military men were recruited to survey and examine their acknowledge and technique to treat burns, and then acknowledge and technique were taught to treat burns through multimedia and demonstration. One year later, the same subjects were surveyed again. RESULTS: Before the intervention, their ability was deficient (the mean score was 51). Their scores were significantly promoted after the intervention (the mean score was 75, P<0.01). Before and after the intervention, the service age, education and position had no effect on the score, but before the intervention, the navy's score was significantly better than the army's or the air force's (P>0.01). CONCLUSION The ability of military men to treat burns needs to be improved for the potential hightech warfare.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns ; therapy ; China ; Education, Medical ; organization & administration ; Humans ; Male ; Military Medicine ; education ; Military Personnel ; education ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the value of goat models in training and promoting key first aid skills of combat medics.Methods A total of 45 goats were anaesthetized with ketamine.Asphyxia models were created by wadding the goats' mouths and noses,pneumothorax models were established by piercing goats' chests,and massive hemorrhage models were built by piercing goats' limbs.Based on the above models,83 combat medics were trained to perform tracheotomy,tube thoracostomy,and artery suture.The differences in mastering these three skills before training,after training (immediately after training),and one year after training were recorded and compared.The effect of military service length and education background on the skill examination was evaluated before and after training.The recognition of the goat models from the combat medics was investigated.Results Before the training,success rates of performing tracheotomy,tube thoracostomy and artery suture were 39％,33％ and 25％,respectively.After the training,the corresponding parameters were 94％,86％ and 64％,respectively.One year after training,the success rates dropped to 66％,62％ and 43％,respectively.Compared with the status before training,the improvement of three skills was statistically significant after training (P ＜ 0.01).The decrease of three skills one year after training was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).The military service length had effects on the performance before training (P ＜ 0.05).And the military service length had no effect on the performance after the training (P ＞ 0.05).Education background had effects on the performance of surgical success rates before (P ＜ 0.01) and after training (P ＜ 0.05).According to the cross-sectional study,80％ of the military doctors chose the goat models as the first option for training.Conclusion Goat models are not only easy to be created but also are suitable for training the combat medics in key first aid skills.Such model is worthy of further application.

Objective: To study the oxidative damage of di- (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on MCF-7 cells, and to investigate the effects of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) gene silence or overexpression on DEHP-induced oxidative damage. Methods: MCF-7 cells, 3β-HSD gene silencing cells and 3β-HSD gene overexpression cells were treated with different doses of DEHP (0,0.05,0.1,0.2,0.4,0.8 mmol/L) for 24h, then intracellular oxidative damage index such as MDA, SOD, GSH, GSH-PX were detected, DNA repair gene hOGG1, hMTH1 mRNA expression were tested by Q-PCR, hOGG1, hMTH1 protein expression were detected by western blot. Results: After MCF-7 cells were treated by DEHP, MDA levels increased; SOD activity, GSH content, GSH-PX activity decreased, hOGG1 and hMTH1 mRNA expression levels increased, hOGG1 and hMTH1 protein expression levels increased, the differences were statistically significant when compared with control (P<0.05 or P<0.01) . In 3β-HSD gene silencing cells which were treated by DEHP, when compared with the same dose group of MCF-7 cells, MDA content increased, SOD activity, GSH content, GSH-PX activity decreased, hOGG1 and hMTH1 mRNA expression levels decreased, hOGG1 and hMTH1 protein expression levels decreased, the difference were statistically significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01) . In 3β-HSD gene overexpression cells which were treated by DEHP, when compared with the same dose group of MCF-7 cells, MDA content decreased; SOD activity, GSH content, GSH-PX activity increased, of hOGG1 and hMTH1 mRNA expression levels increased, hOGG1 and hMTH1 protein expression levels increased, the difference were statistically significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01) . Conclusion DEHP could cause oxidative damage in MCF-7 cells, induce the changes of related genes and proteins, 3β-HSD plays an antioxidant role in the process of DEHP ox-idative damage.

Objective To train the combat medics to learn key battle field operative technologies such as tracheotomy, thoracic close drainage, control of massive hemorrhage, etc by practicing the above skills on goats' traumatic models. Methods From 2012 to 2014 for consecutive 3 years, a group army trained the combat medics to learn how to treat war trauma first aid skills every year. 30 combat medics were randomly selected from 136 combat medics who had received goat model training to be tested. Goat model preparation methods: 35 healthy adult goats were anaesthetized with ketamine, then the suffocation models were reproduced by wadding the goat mouths and noses;pneumothorax models were replicated by cutting goat chest cavities; massive hemorrhagic models were produced by cutting goat femoral arteries by scissors. 136 combat medics were trained to perform tracheotomy, tube thoracostomy or thoracic close drainage, and hemorrhagic control by above models. The differences in mastering these skills before training, immediately after training, and one year after training were recorded and compared, and the factors influencing the combat medics training grade were analyzed. Results At the end of the training, the 30 combat medics' successful rates of performing cricothyrotomy or tracheotomy, tube thoracostomy, hemorrhage control were significantly higher than those before the training [respectively was 63.3% (19/30) vs. 10.0% (3/30), 66.7% (20/30) vs. 13.3% (4/30), 86.7% (26/30) vs. 53.3% (16/30), all P < 0.05]. After 1 year of training, the success rates of tracheotomy and thoracic close drainage were 33.3% (9/27) and 37.0% (10/27) respectively, which were significantly lower than those immediately after the end of training; the success rate of hemostasis after femoral artery rupture was 70.4% (19/27), which was lower than that at the end of training, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The education level had effect on the combat medics' performance after training. The success rate of combat medics with higher or above higher education was significantly higher than that of them with high school and below [88.9% (24/27) vs. 65.1% (41/63), P < 0.05]. Cross-sectional survey result showed that in 107 combat medics simultaneously received multimedia teaching, high analogue simulation human model teaching and animal model teaching, 85 combat medics (79.4%) chose the goat models as the first option for training. Conclusion By performing battle field key first aid techniques on goat trauma models, the combat medics' skills can be obviously elevated, they approve this animal model training as the first option, but repetition of the training is necessary to maintain the skills long lasting.

Restricted cubic spline Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis is an important method of epidemiological multivariate survival analysis. By comparing the typical Cox regression model and the restricted cubic spline Cox regression model, this study expounds the limitations of the typical Cox regression model, and explains the basic principles and implementation process of the restricted cubic spline Cox proportional hazard regression model. When the follow-up data does not meet the application conditions of the typical Cox regression model, this method can be used to realize the correlation analysis between continuous exposure and outcomes.

Restricted cubic spline Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis is an important method of epidemiological multivariate survival analysis. By comparing the typical Cox regression model and the restricted cubic spline Cox regression model, this study expounds the limitations of the typical Cox regression model, and explains the basic principles and implementation process of the restricted cubic spline Cox proportional hazard regression model. When the follow-up data does not meet the application conditions of the typical Cox regression model, this method can be used to realize the correlation analysis between continuous exposure and outcomes.