Stress urinary incontinence is one of the most common diseases in urinary system.At present,the major methods for treating stress urinary incontinence include medication,physico-behavior therapy and operation.However,for various reasons,the current methods do not yield satisfactory results.As a newly emerging technique,tissue engineering provides a new concept and method to treat stress urinary incontinence.The application of tissue engineering in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence is reviewed in this article.

Objective To explore the method of culture of rat adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) and differentiation induction into myoblasts. Methods Adipose tissues were obtained from SD rats,and were isolated by enzyme digestion and cultured into ADSCs.The expression of surface antigen CD90,CD105 and CD34 was detected by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry.ADSCs of the second passage with logarithmic growth were obtained,and culture media containing 5-azacytidine(5-aza) and basic culture media were employed for cells in induction group and control group,respectively.The induction lasted for 7 d,14 d,21 d,28 d and 35 d,respectively.Cell growth and cell morphology were observed by inverted phase contrast microscope,and immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were utilized to detect the expression of myoblast specific antigens desmin and myosin. Results ADSCs were successfully isolated and cultured,and were identified to be stem cells.On the 28th day of induction,cells in induction group displayed "swirl" morpholgy,and multinucleation was observed.It was revealed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry that the highest expression rates of desmin and myosin were 52.57% and 50.04%,respectively on the 28th day of induction,while there was no expression before induction and in control group. Conclusion ADSCs can be isolated and cultured from rat adipose tissues,and can further differentiate into myoblasts after induction by culture media with 5-aza.The expression of myoblast specific antigen is the highest on the 28th day of induction.

Objective To explore the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cell(AEC)and the dynamic changes of Caspase-3 mRNA and Bax and Bcl-2 expression in premature rat with hyperoxia-induced chronic lung disease(CLD).Methods Sixty premature rats within 1 day after birth were randomly divided into 2 groups:hyperoxia group(n=30)and control group(n=30).Hyperoxia-induced premature rat CLD models were prepared,and situ nick end-labeling(TUNEL),reverse transcription polymerasechain reaction(RT-PCR)and immunohistochemical technique were used to determine apoptosis index(AI)of AEC and the expressions of Caspase-3 mRNA and Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in lung tissues at 1,3,7,14 and 21 d after birth.Results Compared with control group,in the hyperoxia group,on the third day after exposured to hyperoxia,the AI of AEC and the expressions of Caspase-3 mRNA and Bax began to increase,and the expression of Caspase-3 mRNA was kept at high level on 7-21 d.The expression of Bcl-2 began to decrease on 7 d,and significantly decreased on 7-21 d.AI of AEC was positively correlated with the expression of Caspase-3 mRNA and Bax,and negatively with the expression of Bcl-2.Conclusions Hyperoxia may induce the increased expression of Caspase-3 mRNA,which might result in the abnormal expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in lung tissues and their imbalance,which might be one of the underlying mechanisms of apoptosis of AEC in premature rats with CLD.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence and mechanism of Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern in patients with heart failure.

METHODSFifty-six patients who performed polusomnography sleep testing at National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases Fuwai Hospital from March to May in 2015. We divided them into chronic heart failure (CHF) group and non-CHF group.

RESULTSThe occurrences of sleep apnea in two groups were high. In CHF group (n = 11) , there were 10 patients with apnea hypopnea index (AHI) > 5; and their AHI was 23.93 ±14.63. In non-CHF group (n = 45), there were 33 patients whose AHI > 5; and their AHI was 16.20 ± 18.76. The ratio of center sleep apnea to all gross sleep apnea ratio in CHF group was higher than that in non-CHF group (80.21% ± 30.55% vs 27.16% ± 35.71%, P < 0.01 ).

CONCLUSIONBased upon the new theory of holistic integrative physiology and medicine, we explain the mechanism of circulatory dysfunction induce the oscillation breathing in patients with CHF. The sleep apnea and C-S respiration in CHF should be called circulatory sleep apnea, rather than central sleep apnea.

Cheyne-Stokes Respiration ; Chronic Disease ; Heart Failure ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Polysomnography ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; physiopathology ; Sleep Apnea, Central

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy as an adjunctive therapy for children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Methods Seventy-one children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy aged 6 mouths to 2 years were randomly assigned to a HBO group ( n = 35 ) or a control group ( n = 36).All children were given conventional rehabilitative treatment, but the children in the HBO group in addition received 40 sessions of HBO therapy. HBO was administered for 1 h with 85% ～ 90% oxygen at 1.4 atmospheres absolute pressure. All the treatments in both groups continued for 8 weeks. Gross motor function was evaluated with a gross motor function measure ( GMFM ), global motor performance was assessed with a psychomotor development index (PDI), and intelligence was assessed with a mental development index (MDI). Clinical assessments were done before and after treatment. At the same time, hearing impairment was measured using brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) in the HBO group. Results All outcomes in both groups improved significantly over the course of study. The average improvement in GMFM in the control group was significantly greater than in the HBO group but other differences were not statistically significant. Hearing impairment developed in 8 children treated with HBO.Conclusion There was no evidence that HBO therapy improved the condition of children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy, and there is a risk of side effects with HBO therapy.

Objective To compaire the physical characteristics of semen morphology before and after semen coagulation-liquefaction under microscope and understand the significance of these characteristics for the determination of semen liquefaction.Methods Semens were placed in sperm counting chamber immediately after collection.The morphological changes of the seminal gelatinous substance during liquefaction were observed under microscope and analyzed.Results Morphological changes during semen liquefaction can be clearly observed.Among 32 samples of semen,forward sperm progression and motility were (30.3?12.4)% and (45.0?14.9)%,(44.9?12.7)% and (59.0?15.3)%,before and after the liquefaction,respectively.The differences were statistically significant (t=-1.130,5.023,P0.05).Conclusions Microscopic observation of the seminal gelatinous substance is a simple and feasible method for objective measurement of sperm liquefaction.These findings suggest it may provide pathological significance on semen liquefaction abnormality in infertility clinic.

Objective To explore the incidence,clinical status,risk factors and outcomes of invasive fungal infections(IFIs)after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) in pediatric patients.Methods Forty-one Patients who were underwent Allo-HSCT were selected from 2005 to 2006. Of 41 patients, 24 were boys and 17 were girls,aged 2-13 years old. Twenty-six cases with ?-thalassemia, 1 case with adrenoleukodystrophy,and the left 14 cases with other hematologic disorders.Twenty patients underwent bone marrow transplantation,19 patients underwent peripheral blood stem cell transplantation,2 patients underwent bone marrow transplantation and cord blood transplantation.Fourteen patients received Allo-HSCT from HLA-matched sibling donors or HLA mis-matched parents, 27 patients received Allo-HSCT from unrelated donors. Based on different types of transplant, patients were conditioned with busulfan, cyclophosphamide and Anti-thymocyte immune globulin. Fludalabine, total body irration, thiotepa or melphalan was used additionly in some cases. Cyclosporine A and mycophnolate mofetil were used as prophylaxis of graft versus host disease (GVHD).Results IFIs was observed in 5 cases(5/41 cases,12.2%),this comprised cases of proven,probable and possible IFIs at rates of 2.4%,4.9%,4.9%.The time of IFIs was 9-120 d after transplantation,the majority of IFIs in 3/5 cases(60%)children occurred within the first month.The difference of IFIs between patients who recived high-dose corticosteroid and those with no or conventional-dose corticosteroid was significant(?2=8.201 P=0.004);Regarding conditioning regimens,the IFIs of patients who with Thiotepa (TT) was significanthy higher than that of compared with those without TT(?2=9.549 P=0.002).The total effective rate was 40%.The effective rates of the patients with confimed diagnosis,cli-nical diagnosis,and with recommended diagnosis respectively were 100%,0 and 50% respectively.Conclusions IFIs is an important complication after Allo-HSCT,and the high-dose corticosteroid therapy and conditioning regimens with TT are the risky factors for IFIs.Aspergillus is the main pathogen bacteria.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of Tooth Mousse in reducing enamel demineralization lesions adjacent to bonded orthodontic brackets and promoting remineralization in vitro.

METHODS60 bovine teeth with bonded orthodontic brackets were randomly divided into three groups, negative control group, positive control group and experimental group, applied separately with distilled water, Duraphat fluoride varnish, Tooth Mousse. 3 groups were dipped into an artificial caries solution and an artificial saliva solution, cycling between them. All samples were detected by polarized light microscope, scanning electron microscope and electron probe micro-analysis.

RESULTSPolarized light microscope showed that the enamel surface of the experimental group were completed, the areas of positive birefringence were decreased obviously. Scanning electron microscope showed that a large number of deposits were found on the dental enamel surface of the experimental group, filled in the small local concave of enamel surface. Compared with the control group, electron probe micro-analysis showed that calcium and phosphate concentration of enamel surface was higher in experimental group than in negative control group (P<0.05), there was no significant differences between experimental group and positive control group (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONTooth Mousse can reduce enamel demineralization and promoting remineralization in vitro.

Animals ; Cariostatic Agents ; Caseins ; Cattle ; Dental Caries ; Dental Enamel ; Fluorides ; Fluorides, Topical ; Orthodontic Brackets ; Phosphates ; Sodium Fluoride ; Tooth Demineralization

OBJECTIVETo evaluate whether or not administration of folic acid and resveratrol have preventive effects on cleft palate formation as well as the comparison of the two drugs' s effects.

METHODSPregnant mice were randomly divided into 9 groups, with 8 mice in each group. The TCDD group mice were dosed with TCDD 28 microg/kg body weight on gestation day 10 (GD 10) animals in folic acid group were respectively dosed with folic acid 15, 10, 5 mg/kg and TCDD 28 microg/kg; resveratrol treated mice were divided into 3 groups: resveratrol 50 mg/kg were orally administered for 6 consecutive days, from gestational day GD 8 to GD13 in resveratrol (GD8-13 ) group; resveratrol 50 mg/kg were orally administered for 6 consecutive days, from gestational day GD 8 to GD13, followed hy an oral administered with TCDD on GD10 in resveratrol (GD8-13) + TCDD group; resveratrol 50mg/kg and TCDD 28 microg/kg were used by gavage administration at GD10 in resveratrol (GD10) + TCDD group. Control mice were treated with the same volume of water for 6 consecutive days from GD8 to GD13 and were given a single dose of corn oil on GD10. The pregnant mice weight and embryos, the number of live, cleft palate, dead and resorption fetal mice were recorded on GD 17.5. The coronal sections of the fetal mice heads were prepared at GD 17.5 and observed by microscopy.

RESULTSTotal frequency of clefts was 92.86% in TCDD group, 84.00% (15 mg), 73.08% (10 mg), 84.00% (5 mg) in folic acid + TCDD groups, 0% in resveratrol (GD10) group, 74.51% (GD10), 57.78% (GD8-13) in resveratrol + TCDD groups. The frequency of cleft was 0% in the control group. Compared with the control and the TCDD groups, there were significant differences in the number of live, dead and resorption fetal mice in TCCD + resveratrol (GD8-13) group (P < 0.05). No significant differences in embryonic weight, live fetuses weight, the number of live, dead and resorption fetal mice were found in the other groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTest dose of folic acid and resveratrol both had certain antagonistic effect on cleft palate in mice induced by TCDD, with folic acid 10 mg/kg, resveratrol 50 mg/kg GD8-13 doses having stronger antagonistic action. Effects of both the two drugs have no significant difference, but resveratrol (50 mg/kg, GD8-13) significantly affects the fetal mice's growth and development under TCDD exposure in utero.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced ; prevention & control ; Animals ; Cleft Palate ; chemically induced ; prevention & control ; Female ; Fetus ; Folic Acid ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Pregnancy ; Random Allocation ; Stilbenes ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Teratogens

ZHU Lian studied medicine from 17 years old and studied acup-moxibustion from October 1944. She raised the principle of acupuncture and moxibustion treating diseases in the middle period of the last century, "Acupuncture-moxibustion mainly stimulates and regulates human nerve system, particularly, regulative function and control function of high central nerve system including the cerebral cortex, so as to cure diseases". Also, she first put forward 3 keys of acupuncture-moxibustion treating diseases, stressed aseptic manipulation, and originated a safe needle-retaining method, finger-pressure therapy and maxo roll moxibustion; she found 19 new acupoints. Her academic thought of acupuncture and moxibustion will become a bridge of integrated Chinese medicine and western medicine and will produce inestimable influence on acupuncture and moxibustion sciences.
Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; China ; History, 20th Century