More attentions have been paid to the development of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (ECPGs) of Chinese medicine (CM). International guideline evaluation instruments such as Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE I) has been gradually applied in ECPGs quality evaluation of CM. Nowadays, there are some certain methodological defects in partial ECPGs of Chinese medicine, with relatively low applicability and slowly update. It is suggested to establish technical specifications of CM-ECPGs in accordance with the characteristics of CM and international general specification, strengthen the quality evaluation of CM-ECPGs, attach great importance to the regularly update as well as popularization and application of CM-ECPGs.
Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

Designer Drugs ; Drug Design ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Tablets

Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Tachycardia ; therapy

Animals ; Humans ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; Vasodilator Agents

Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; diagnosis

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Propyl Gallate ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

Objective To establish a suitable index system for typhoon disaster relief training of nurses.Methods Based on literature review and semi-structure expert interview,an index system frame work of typhoon disaster relief training of nurses was developed.Indexes were determined by adopting Delphi method and inquiring 21 experts with questionnaire.The weight of every index had been set up.Results The index system for typhoon disaster relief training of nurses was composed of 6 flintlevel indicators,28 second-level indicators and 37 third-level indicators.Conclusions The index system for typhoon disaster relief training of nurses is reliable and valid,which can provide objective and quantitative standards for the employment,training and evaluation of emergency specialized nurses.

Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the possible target and molecular mechanism of Radix Paeoniae 801 (RP801), an effective ingredient extracted from Radix Paeoniae, the Chinese herbal medicine for activating blood circulation to remove blood stasis, using experimental in vitro method by directly detecting the interaction between RP801 and endothelin-1 (ET-1).

METHODSPiezoelectric quartz crystal biosensor, namely, the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was used to detect the specific combining between RP801 and ET-1 by binding avidin to the pre-activated Au surface of electrode of QCM, followed by immobilizing biotinylated ET-1 to it, and adding RP801, then the binding curve was recorded. PBS washing was applied at the end of every steps of combining reaction for dissociate the non-specific absorption.

RESULTSSpecific combining of RP801 and ET-1 was found.

CONCLUSIONET-1 could possibly be one of the acting targets of RP801 in the body, that is, RP801 could combine with ET-1 to impede the binding of ET-1 with its receptor, so as to counteract the action of ET-1, dilate blood vessels and inhibit platelet aggregation.

Biosensing Techniques ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Electrochemistry ; Endothelin-1 ; chemistry ; drug effects ; Humans ; Models, Chemical ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Propyl Gallate ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Protein Binding ; Quartz

AIM: (1) To investigate the effect of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) on rabbit conjunctival surface reconstruction with severe alkali burns. (2) To evaluate the possibility of AMT treatment for ocular alkali burns during recovering stage.METHODS: Animal models were established on 30 eyes of rabbits by creating severe alkali burns on the conjunctiva from the upper corneal limbus to the upper conjunctival fornix.Preserved human amniotic membrane transplantations and reconstruction of conjunctival fornix were performed at one week after injury (recovering stage). Epithelium growth of burned area after transplantation was observed using light microscope at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks. Conjunctival tissue in transplantation area was collected at 1, 4 and 8 weeks. The ultrastructure of the collected tissue was studied by electron microscope. The results were compared with control group,which received only vitamin C subconjunctival injection and antibiotic eye drops as treatment for alkali burn. Exterior eye pictures were also taken at the end of the observation, the width from upper corneal limbus to the edge of upper fornix was measured. Data was analyzed statistically.RESULTS: 1) Tn the transplant group, conjunctival epithelium growth was observed in the area of AMT under both light and electron microscope 1 week after surgery. At 4weeks, conjunctival epithelium with goblet cells that resembled normal conjunctival tissues was observed in the whole amniotic membrane area. At 12 weeks, the conjunctival epithelium on the amniotic membrane was well formed, and the connective tissue under the epithelium was loose at the fornix. No fibrosis was identified. In contrast, conjunctival epithelium necrosis was observed in the control group at 2weeks after alkali burns. Re-epithelization did not occur through the 12-week observation. Severe fibrosis with inflammatory cells infiltration was observed between 4 to 8weeks. At 12 weeks, fibrosis of the connective tissue at the fornix developed and there were no conjunctival epithelium covering the burned area. 2) In the transplant group, the conjunctiva in transplanted area had no scarring and appeared smooth at 12 weeks. Upper fornix was reconstructed. The depth of fornix was 7.9±0.3mm (7.6-8.2mm), which was approximate to the normal depth 8.2±0.2mm (8.0-8.4 mm,P＞.05). While in the control group, the burned area appeared rough with granuloma formation and severe scarring. Upper fornix became shallow. The depth of fornix was 3.1±1.7mm(1.0 to 4.5mm.), and significant difference was found between control and transplant group (P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Human amniotic membrane preserved in glycerin can promote cell adhering, migrating and differentiating of normal conjunctival epithelium.Reconstruction of conjunctival surface in early stage of alkali burn can be achieved by AMT. AMT can effectively prevent symblepharon formation.