Methods: Data from students at Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were collected and organized according to the 24 solar terms from January 21, 2020, to April 6, 2022. The data were used to identify nine TCM constitutions, including balanced constitution, Qi deficiency constitution, Yang deficiency constitution, Yin deficiency constitution, phlegm dampness constitution, damp heat constitution, stagnant blood constitution, Qi stagnation constitution, and specific-inherited predisposition constitution. Deep learning algorithms were employed to construct multi-layer perceptron (MLP), long short-term memory (LSTM), and deep belief network (DBN) models for the prediction of TCM constitutions based on the nine constitution types. To optimize these TCM constitution prediction models, this study introduced the attention mechanism (AM), grey wolf optimizer (GWO), and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The models’ performance was evaluated before and after optimization using the F1-score, accuracy, precision, and recall. Results: The research analyzed a total of 31 655 pieces of data. (i) Before optimization, the MLP model achieved more than 90% prediction accuracy for all constitution types except the balanced and Qi deficiency constitutions. The LSTM model's prediction accuracies exceeded 60%, indicating that their potential in TCM constitutional prediction may not have been fully realized due to the absence of pronounced temporal features in the data. Regarding the DBN model, the binary classification analysis showed that, apart from slightly underperforming in predicting the Qi deficiency constitution and damp heat constitution, with accuracies of 65% and 60%, respectively. The DBN model demonstrated considerable discriminative power for other constitution types, achieving prediction accuracy rates and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) values exceeding 70% and 0.78, respectively. This indicates that while the model possesses a certain level of constitutional differentiation ability, it encounters limitations in processing specific constitutional features, leaving room for further improvement in its performance. For multi-class classification problem, the DBN model’s prediction accuracy rate fell short of 50%. (ii) After optimization, the LSTM model, enhanced with the AM, typically achieved a prediction accuracy rate above 75%, with lower performance for the Qi deficiency constitution, stagnant blood constitution, and Qi stagnation constitution. The GWO-optimized DBN model for multi-class classification showed an increased prediction accuracy rate of 56%, while the PSO-optimized model had a decreased accuracy rate to 37%. The GWO-PSO-DBN model, optimized with both algorithms, demonstrated an improved prediction accuracy rate of 54%. Conclusion This study constructed MLP, LSTM, and DBN models for predicting TCM constitution and improved them based on different optimisation algorithms. The results showed that the MLP model performs well, the LSTM and DBN models were effective in prediction but with certain limitations. This study also provided a new technology reference for the establishment and optimisation strategies of TCM constitution prediction models,and a novel idea for the treatment of non-disease.

Objective To discuss the pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of delayed traumatic intracerebral hematoma.Methods The clinic data of traumatic delayed intracranial hematoma patients in this hospital were retro- spectively analyzed.According to clinic observation and CT re-examination,47 cases were diagnosed as delayed trau- matic intracranial hematoma(45 cases by operative treatment,and the other 2 by conservative treatment).Results There were 21 cases of recovery,10 cases of slight disability,8 cases of severe disability,8 cases of death.The total mortality rate was 17 %.Conclusion Brain contusion,subarachnoid hemorrhage and skull base fracture were impor- tant factors of DTICH.Fine-observation and prompt CT re-examination offered excellent results for DTICH.

Fourteen psychrotrophic bacteria were isolated from swamp soil collected in Ruoergai plateau wetland,and their generation time and degrading ability of livestock wastewater CODcr was determined.The results showed that the generation time was within 4.9 h to 11.6 h.Based on the generation time,9 psychro-trophic strains(NLJ1,NLJ6,NLJ7,NLJ9,NLJ10,NLJ11,NLJ12,NLJ13 and NLJ14),whose generation time was within 4.9 h to 5.6 h,were chosen to treat livestock wastewater.The results suggested that these 9 strains had different CODcr disposal ability when treating livestock wastewater singly at 6?C for 6 h,and strains NLJ6,NLJ7,NLJ9,NLJ10,NLJ11 and NLJ13 had good ability to degrade livestock wastewater,the CODcr degrading rate was about 60%~70%,hence,they were used as high efficient strains;However,the CODcr degrading rate of the other strains was less than 50%.After inoculating mixture culture of these six strains into the distilled livestock wastewater,after 6 h's treating,the CODcr degrading rate reached to 85.42%.Furthermore,activated sludge collected from Yaan,Dujiangyan and Chengdu were inoculated by the mixture culture of those six strains,and used to treat livestock wastewater for 6 h.The results showed that the average CODcr degrading rate was 81.67%,76.32% and 70.56%,respectively;Variance analysis showed that there was no significant differentiation between each treatment,which revealed that those six psychrotrophic strains had good adaptability to different source of activated sludge.

Objective To investigate the effect of Aidi injection combined with chemotherapy on CD+4CDhi25CDlow127regulatory T (Treg) cells in peripheral blood of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods Sixty patients with advanced NSCLC were randomly divided into the study group (treated with Aidi injection combined with chemotherapy) and the control group (treated with chemotherapy).The levels of CD+4CDhi25CDlow127Treg cells were detected by flow cytometry (FCM), and TGF-β1 and IL-10 levels were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and after chemotherapy. A group consisted of 20 healthy persons was set up meanwhile.Results There was a significantly higher percentage of CD+4CDhi25CDlow127Treg cells in patients with NSCLC (5.77±1.50) % than that(3.84±0.96) % of healthy volunteers (P=0.000).The IL-10 and TGF-β1 levels[(24.09±6.74), (197.76±43.76) ng/ml]in the serum of patients with NSCLC were also significantly higher than that[(19.39±5.73), (141.13±32.17) ng/ml]of healthy volunteers (P =0.006,P =0.002). In control group, levels of CD+4CDhi25CDlow127 Treg cells were obviously lower than that before chemotherapy (P =0.048).Levels of TGF-β1 and IL-10[(22.25±6.79), (184.85±49.11) ng/ml]were slightly decreased, which showed no significant difference contrast to pretherapy[(24.37±8.10), (197.16±44.57) ng/ml](P =0.276, P =0.314).In study group, levels of CD+4CDhi25CDlow127Treg cells and TGF-β1, IL-10[(4.36±1.19) %,(20.16±4.73), (165.42±39.57) ng/ml]were obviously lower than that before chemotherapy[(5.78±1.50) %,(23.81±5.15), (198.35±43.68) ng/ml](P=0.000, P=0.003, P =0.006).Conclusion The CD+4CDhi25CDlow127 Treg cells in the peripheral blood of advanced NSCLC patients is significantly increased. Aidi injection combined with chemotherapy can obviously reduce the level of CD+4CDhi25CDlow127 Treg cells in patients with advanced NSCLC, and the combined therapy could improve the immune function of patients.

Previous studies have demonstrated that the Chinese medicine paeoniflorin, derived from the Ranunculaceae plant peony, peony, purple peony root, was able to have anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, anti-hypersusceptibility and anti-oxidation activity. In order to elucidate the pesticide effect and the mechanisms by which paeoniflorin exerts its effect of anti-inflammation and immunoregulation on oxazolone-induced colitic mice, disease activity index (DAI) and histological grading of colitis (HGC) were evaluated in animal model. Moreover, the expressions of HBD-2, IL-6 and IL-10 of mice with experimental colitis were observed with immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR in this study. Results showed that DAI and HGC of oxazolone control group was significantly higher than that of normal control group, and that paeoniflorin groups and 5-ASA group, compared with oxazolone control group, could alleviate the symptoms and histological damages of colitic mice (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The expression of HBD-2 and IL-6 cytokine on the colon of colitic mice was higher than that of normal control, paeoniflorin and 5-ASA groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), but the expression of IL-10 is lower than that of normal control, paeoniflorin and 5-ASA groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The positive correlations were demonstrated between the expression of (HBD-2 and IL-6) and DAI (Pearson r = 0.728, Pearson r = 0.758, P < 0.01, respectively), (HBD-2 and IL-6) and HGC (Pearson r = 0.819, Pearson r = 0.825, P < 0.01, respectively), whereas, the negative correlations were demonstrated between the expression of IL-10 and DAI (Pearson r = -0.789, P < 0.01), IL-10 and HGC (Pearson r = -0.725, P < 0.01). It can be concluded that to some extent paeoniflorin effectively alleviate the symptoms of oxazolone-induced colitis through regulating the expression of HBD-2, IL-6 and IL-10.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Benzoates ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Colitis ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Colon ; pathology ; Female ; Glucosides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Interleukin-10 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa ; pathology ; Mesalamine ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Monoterpenes ; Oxazolone ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; beta-Defensins ; genetics ; metabolism

BACKGROUNDThe CRF07_BC recombinant strain has been one of the most predominantly circulated HIV-1 strains in China, it is therefore necessary and urgent to develop a relevant animal model to evaluate candidate vaccines targeting HIV-1 CRF07_BC. A highly replication-competent simian/human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIV) construct containing the Chinese CRF07_BC HIV-1 env gene with the ability to infect Chinese rhesus monkeys would serve as an important tool in the development of HIV vaccines. The aim of this study was to examine whether SHIV XJDC6431 with the env fragment from a Chinese HIV-1 isolate virus could infect the human and monkey peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC), establish infection in Chinese rhesus macaque.

METHODSA SHIV strain was constructed by replacing the rev/env genes of SHIV KB9 with the corresponding fragment derived from the HIV-1 CRF07_BC strain. The infectious activity of the SHIV clones was determined in vitro in PBMCs from both non-human primate animals and humans. Finally, one Chinese rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) was infected with one SHIV via intravenous infusion.

RESULTSOne SHIV clone designated as SHIV XJDC6431, was generated that could infect macaque and human PBMC. The virus produced from this clone also efficiently infected the CCR5-expressing GHOST cell lines, indicating that it uses CCR5 as its coreceptor. Finally, the virus was intravenously inoculated into one Chinese rhesus macaque. Eventually, the animal became infected as shown by the occurrence of viremia within 3 of infection. The viral load reached 105 copies of viral RNA per ml of plasma during the acute phase of infection and lasted for 10 weeks post infection.

CONCLUSIONSWe conclude that SHIV XJDC6431 is an R5-tropic chimeric virus, which can establish infection not only in vitro but also in vivo in the Chinese rhesus macaque. Although the animal inoculated with SHIV XJDC6431 became infected without developing a pathologic phenotype, the virus efficiently replicated with a persistent level of viral load in the plasma. This suggested that the SHIV could be used as a tool to test candidate AIDS vaccines targeting the Chinese HIV-1 CRF_07BC recombinant strain.

Animals ; Chimera ; Genes, env ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Proviruses ; genetics ; Receptors, CCR5 ; physiology ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ; genetics ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship of pre-pregnancy body weight, gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention among women in Beijing.

METHODSUsing a cohort design, 600 pregnant women who went to district obstetrics and gynecology hospital in Beijing to establish preconception health care card from 5(th) February to 15(th) March 2009 were recruited. A total of 112 subjects (109 with valid data), 20% of that in baseline, were followed up at 6 months after delivery.70 subjects (66 with valid data) were followed up at one year after delivery. Weight, weight changes and postpartum weight retention were measured for low weight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m(2)), normal weight (18.5 kg/m(2) ≤ BMI ≤ 24.0 kg/m(2)) and overweight or obesity (BMI > 24.0 kg/m(2)) group.

RESULTSThe pre-pregnancy weight and antenatal weight were (54.8 ± 8.0) and (70.8 ± 9.3) kg respectively. Gestational weight gain was (16.0 ± 7.0) kg. The postpartum weight of 6 and 12 months were (60.5 ± 9.4) and (57.6 ± 8.6) kg respectively. Comparing to pre-pregnancy, postpartum weight retention in 6 months and 12 months were (5.7 ± 4.5) and (2.7 ± 4.5) kg, weight retention rates were (10.6 ± 8.6)% and (5.2 ± 9.3)%. Antenatal weight among low pre-pregnancy weight group, normal weight and overweight and obese women were (62.6 ± 5.7), (69.9 ± 6.6) and (84.2 ± 9.9) kg, and weight at postpartum 12 months among 3 groups were (49.3 ± 3.2), (56.5 ± 6.9) and (70.5 ± 6.0) kg respectively (F = 25.3, P < 0.01); At postpartum 12 months, low pre-pregnancy weight group ((5.6 ± 5.9) kg), overweight and obese women group ((4.7 ± 1.9) kg) postpartum weight retention was significantly higher than that of the normal weight group ((1.8 ± 4.3) kg) (F = 3.82, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe pre-pregnancy body weight is a key risk factor in weight gain during pregnancy and postpartum weight retention.

Adult ; Body Mass Index ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Overweight ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; Risk Factors ; Weight Gain ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND:The adaptive reconstruction of maxil ofacial muscles would happen when functional orthopedic treatment is done to cure micromaxil ary deformity. The myoblast is the main responder in the process of adaptive reconstruction, and cyclic stretch can induce apoptosis of myoblasts. Caspase-9 is an important factor in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression of Caspase-9 in different cyclic stretch.
METHODS:Based on myoblasts cultured in vitro-mechanical stimulation model, the rat L6 myoblasts were loaded stretch for 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours through multi-channel cellstress loading system, while the control group received no stretch. The morphological change and growth of myoblasts were observed under inverted phase contrast microscope;the expression of the mRNA and protein of Caspase-9 were detected by RT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under inverted phase contrast microscope, the rat L6 myoblasts at cyclic stretch maintained a good growth state and biological characteristics;there was no celldegeneration;and the loss rate was extremely low, which could demonstrate that myoblast in vitro-mechanical stimulation model was established successful y. The results of RT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that, the expression of Caspase-9 mRNA and Cleaved Caspase-9 protein was significantly increased as the loading time prolonged, and the expression of Procaspase-9 protein was significantly decreased as the time. We can conclude that Caspase-9 is involved in the mechanical signal transduction of cyclic stretch.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of detecting serum PPAR-γmRNA,MMP-9mRNA in the diagnosis of ruptured intracranial aneurysm.Methods The expression of serum PPAR-γmRNA,MMP-9mRNA were detected for 87 cases of patients with intracranial aneurysm,including ruptured group and non-ruptured group,respectively,with 57 cases and 30 cases of patients.The control group should be established to compare the changes of the above indicators.Results The expression of serum PPAR-γmRNA in the ruptured group,the non-ruptured and the controls group were 0.23±0.03,0.59±0.11 and 0.87±0.15,which of MMP-9mRNA were 0.93±0.17,0.63±0.13 and 0.25±0.05.Compared with those in the controls group,the expression of serum PPAR-γmRNA in the ruptured group significantly lowered (t=23.79,P＜0.01),which of MMP-9mRNA raised (t=25.63,P＜0.01).There were statistically significant differences.The expression of PPAR γmRNA in the ruptured group were lower than those in the unruptured group,which of MMP-9 mRNA were higher (t=15.32,16.27,P＜0.01).To establishing the receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) in evaluating the clinical significances of the two markers to use the rupture group and non-ruptured group as the dependent variable,the AUC of the expression of serum PPAR-ymRNA,MMP-9mRNA were 0.858 (95 ％ CI:0.775 ～ 0.940,P =0.000),0.842 (95 ％CI:0.756～0.929,P=0.000).As the dependent variable in the control group and unruptured group,the AUC of the expression of serum PPAR-γmRNA,MMP-9mRNA were 0.827 (95％CI:0.734～0.920,P=0.000);0.818 (95％CI:0.722 ～0.914,P=0.000).Conclusion Detection of serum PPAR-γ mRNA,MMP-9 mRNA can be applied in assessment of occurrence and progression for the intracranial aneurysm,and to provide evidences for the early detection of ruptured intracranial aneurysm.

There have been several epidemiological studies evaluating the potential association between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) A1298C polymorphism and the risk of male infertility.However,the results obtained were inconsistent.Therefore,we performed a meta-analysis to further examine the association between the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and male infertility.A comprehensive search was conducted to identify all eligible studies from the online literature databases published prior to January 15th,2016.A total of 20 studies with 4293 cases and 4507 controls were included.An odds ratio (OR) and a 95％ confidence interval (95％ CI) were calculated to assess the strength of the association.A cumulative meta-analysis,sensitivity analysis and assessment of the publication bias were also performed in this study.The results showed that in the overall analysis,the association between the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and male infertility was not significant.A stratified analysis by ethnicity revealed a significant increase in the risk of male infertility in the Asian population with the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism (especially in the heterozygote model:OR=l.20,95％ CI=1.01-1.44,P=0.994;the dominant model:OR=1.23,95％ CI=1.04-1.45,P=0.996;and the allele model:OR=l.20,95％ CI=1.04-1.39,P=0.985) but not in the Caucasian population.In the stratified analyses,no significant association was observed between the different types of male infertility.This meta-analysis suggests the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism may be a potential risk factor for male infertility,especially in the Asian population.