Objective To establish a histological classification system for osteophytes by Masson staining and immunohistochemical staining for collagen type II. Methods Osteophytes were collected from knee joints in os?teoarthritis patients after joint replacement surgery. To develop an osteophyte classification ,serial tissue sections were identified using histological(hematoxylin and eosin,Masson ' s trichrome,toluidine blue)and immunohisto?chemical staining(collagen typeⅡ). Joint function was assessed by WOMAC score and radiological findings was measured by Kellgren?Lawrence grading. The consistency between the osteophyte classification and WOMAC/Kell?gren?Lawrence grading were evaluated. Results 31 patients and 101 osteophyte samples were included in this study. Based on the histological and immunohistochemical evaluation,osteophytes can be divided into type A (4.9%),type B(4.0%),type C(26.7%)and type D(64.4%). This histological classification system had better consistency with joint function score(χ2 = 0.108,P = 0.947)and Kellgren?Lawrence grading(χ2 = 3.205,P =0.201). Conclusions This trial establishes a histological classification system for osteoarthritis osteophytes ,types A and B indicating early osteophyte and types C and D indicating advanced osteophyte. The system is helpful in clini?cal and basic research on osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the anti-tumor and immunologic enhancement effects of Xiangling capsule.METHODS: The tumor-inhibition experiment was conducted in vivo in accordance with the screening criteria of anti-tumor drugs.Mice were treated with cyclophosphamide to induce hypoimmunity model.The effect of Xiangling capsule on mice was tested by determining leukocyte count,thymus index,spleen index,and the activity of NK cells.RESULTS: Xiangling capsules at different concentration showed inhibition on the growth of mice-transplanted tumor S180,H22 hepatomas and Lewis lung carcinoma with inhibition rates of 44.8%,52.2 %,and 43.3%,respectively(P

0.01).Conclusion The change of thresholds mainly happened in the first working year.As working time increased,the incidence of ears without any response to the maximum output and the thresholds from 18 to 20 kHz were changed more significantly after 4 years working time.The examination of hearing at 10～20 kHz was required for new noise exposure workers and during the first working year,which helped to find the possible susceptibility of subject to noise damage.

Objective To investigate the effect of lipoteichoic acid of bifidobacterium (BLTA) on the expressions of Fas/FasL in bearing melanoma B16 cancer mice. Methods Forty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10),normal saline group (NS group),low-dose BLTA group (50 mg/L),middle-dose BLTA group (100 mg/L),and high-dose BLTA group (150 mg/L). Melanoma B16 cells (0.2 ml 5?109/L) were subcutaneously injected into the mice of the later 3 groups,and then,0.2 ml BLTA at corresponding doses was injected subcutaneously at the sites around the mass once a day for 10 d when the tumor (at least 2 mm?2 mm) was palpable. The NS group was given normal saline at same volume as in BLTA group. The changes of the killing activity of CTL was examined by MTT assay. The expression of the tumor-infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in tumor tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression variance of the Fas and FasL in tumor and spleen tissue. The protein expression of Fas,FasL in tumor tissue and lymphocytes of spleen were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results Compared with the control group,BLTA significantly improved the CTL killing activity (P0.05). Conclusion BLTA enhances the killing activity of CTL by regulating Fas/FasL system,and thus,promotes apoptosis of tumor cells to suppress tumor immune escape in tumor-bearing mice,thereby it exerts anti-tumor effect further.

Objective To study the cutoff point of chronic nasal sinusitis with nasal polyps(CRSwNP) classified by the tissue eosinophils(Eos).Methods 140 CRSwNP patients were enrolled in this study.The data of their clinical feature were collectted before surgery.Mucosal specimens were assessed for the presence of tissue eosinophil cells.Follow up and record the data at 3 months and 6 months after surgery.Results When the tissue Eos grouped by 50/HPF, the VAS, nasal sinus CT ,endoscopic preoperative score,and the endoscopic postoperative score at 3 months and 6 months showed significant difference(P<0.05).The tissue Eos between skin prick test(SPT) positive group and SPT negative group showed no significant difference.The tissues Eos was sighificantly correlated with the peripheral Eos(ρ=0.459,0.473,P<0.01).Conclusion The most meaningful cutoff point may be 50 Eos/HPF nearby to distinguish ECRS and non-ECRS(taken nasal polyps,by random HPF).Allergic factors may have no effect or little effect on the increase in Eos of nasal polyps in patients with CRSwNP;peripheral blood Eos may be an indicator of the level of Eos in tissues.

Objective To understand the common complications of PICC in olinical use. Methods Retrospectively summarize the data of PICC used in patients of SICU in 1999. Results In 1999, there were 14 pateints using PICC, among them 12 patients were male and the others were female. The average age was 71 years old. Embolus 4 cases' PICC were pulled out. Phlebitis occured in only one case. There are 2 patients presenting hyperpyrexia pulled the PICC out. But the cultures of PICC were negative. Conclusions The common complications of PICC are embolism,phlebitis and infection.

Objective To explore the clinical characters,therapy and prognoses of hyperthyroid cardiac disease in children.Method Fourteen hospitalized cases with hyperthyroid cardiac disease(5-14 years old) collected from January 2001 to January 2005 were analyzed(retrospecti)vely.Results Fourteen children with hyperthyroid cardiac disease had different degree of enlarged of heart,arrhythmia and heart failure.All of the cases were received treatment of hyperthyroidism and anti-arrhythmia.After admission for 2 weeks,the symptoms of 13 cases relived or disappeared,and after 4-6 weeks the enlarged heart,arrhythmia and heart failure disappeared.One case died after recurrent heart failure.Conclusions Hyperthyroid cardiac disease in children can be curative and the changes of cardiac blood-vessel can be recuperative.It is critical for doctors to know the manifestations of hyperthyroidism and take the cardiac examination and the function of the thyroidism and take proper treatment as soon as possible.

BACKGROUND:It is confirmed that the characteristics of soft and hard tissue development vary largely in different vertical facial types, which reflect the development trend of the patients and the control ing degree on anchorage.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the influence of different vertical facial types on the aesthetic evaluation of facial profiles in young females, and analyze the perception of facial attractiveness from different people.
METHODS:Three beautiful females, with high, average and low mandibular angle, respectively were selected according to the measurement data of projection and the orthodontist’s aesthetic appreciation. They were yel ow race, bilateral facial appearance was basical y symmetrical, and no other maxil ofacial disease was found. They also received no orthodontic or orthognathic treatment. The profile digital photographs and cephalograms of three females were col ected. The positions of soft tissue lip and soft tissue chin were altered incremental y with Dolphin Imaging and Management software. Twenty-five new pictures were generated by the smal scale (2 mm per unit) modification in the sagittal direction. By using“acceptable facial appearance”as a filter, 15 orthodontists selected 11 from 25 pictures. Fifty parents of orthodontic patients, 50 orthodontic patients, and 50 amateurs were taken as the evaluators for subjective aesthetic ratings and for the assessment of the influence of vertical facial types on the facial profile attractiveness.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:With low and average angle, straight profile, slightly protrude chin was perceived to be beautiful. With high angle, straight profile, slightly protrude profile was perceived to be beautiful, and evaluation results are consistent between men and women. Evaluators are in agreement when it comes to evaluating the perception of facial attractiveness of three different vertical facial types profile in young females. They also have certain difference in aesthetic tendencies, but when it comes to straight profile they share the same preference. Although different vertical facial types profile has an impact on the profile of lip and chin, but it can’t represent the aesthetic preference of al evaluators.

A series of laws and regulations are the essential legal requirement in the field of clinical trial of medical device currently in China, especially the Provision for Clinical Trial of Medical Device. On the basis of current situation of medical device clinical trial, systemic analysis on the hot spot topics in the regulations was conducted to explore the way of improving the control system of clinical trial of medical device in China, which will provide the reference for medical device industry and the investigators of the clinical trial of medical device.
China ; Device Approval ; legislation & jurisprudence

Objective To investigate the value of 99Tcm-MDP imaging for the differential diagnosis between infection and aseptic loosening after total hip arthroplasty.Methods During February 2008 to August 2011,74 patients (32 males,42 females,average age (64.3±11.2) years) with hip pain after arthroplasty underwent 3-phase (blood flow,blood pool and bone phases) 99Tcm-MDP imaging.All patients had measurements of serum C reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).Joint infection was defined as either increased peri-prosthetic soft tissue activity during perfusion and blood pool phases or increased peri-prosthetic bone activity during uptake phase,or positive in all 3 phases.Aseptic loosening was defined as having negative 99Tcm-MDP in all 3 phases.Clinical diagnosis was chosen as the gold standard.The blood flow-pool imaging was compared with the serum examinations.x2 test was used for statistical analysis.Results There were 74 symptomatic joints in 74 patients,including 24 joint infections and 50 aseptic loosening.For the detection of peri-prosthetic infection,combined perfusion-blood-pool phase was more accurate than bone uptake phase (90.5％ (67/74) vs 55.4％ (41/74) ;x2=23.159,P＜0.001),with the sensitivity of 91.7％ (22/24)vs 70.8％ (17/24) and specificity of 90.0％ (45/50) vs 48.0％ (24/50),respectively.The blood flow-pool imaging was also more accurate than CRP (73.0％ (54/74) ;x2 =7.656,P＜0.05) and ESR (71.6％ (53/74) ; x2 =8.633,P＜0.05),respectively.Conclusion 99Tcm-MDP perfusion/blood flow-pool imaging is an accurate modality for differentiating peri-prosthetic infection from aseptic loosening in patients with hip pain after arthroplasty.