Objective To investigate the clinical application of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nuclear transcription factor(NF-κB)/p50 on diagnosis and prognosis of the abundance of matrix and rich cell type salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma.Methods Fifty cases with parotid pleomorphic adenoma pathological from Jan.2004 to Nov.2004 collected at Affiliated Hospital of Hebei United University and Kailuan General Hospital were selected in this study.There were 25 samples with pleomorphic adenoma of matrix-based abundant salivary gland served as group A,25 samples were cell-based abundant salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma served as group B,and 25 samples were normal salivary gland tissue adjacent to tumor served as control group.The immunohistochemical technology and SP method were applied to detect the expression of VEGF and NF-κB/p50.Results Expressions of VEGF in group A and B were (153.13 ± 60.81) and (954.65 ± 305.79),significantly higher than that in group C (52.46 ± 9.76,P ＜ 0.05).Expressions of NF-κB/p50 in group A and B were (43.40 ± 5.56),(529.79 ± 163.81),significantly higher in that in group C (6.83 ± 1.90,P ＜ 0.05) ; Expressions of VEGF and NF-κB/p50 in group B were higher than that in group A (P ＜ 0.01).There were the positive correlation between EGF and NF-κB/p50 expression in pleomorphic adenoma samples (r =0.9123,P =0.001).Conclusion With the increase in tumor cell components,angiogenesis and cell proliferation activity increase in cases with pleomorphic adenoma.Cases with cell-based abundant pleomorphic adenoma show the malignant transformation tendency compared with cases with matrix-based abundant pleomorohic adenoma.

Objective This meta-analysis assessed the value of interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) in the differential diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) from Crohn's disease (CD).Methods Systematic search without language restriction was conducted in the main computerized databases until June 2015.Studies that have evaluated the performance of IGRAs (QuantiFERON-TB Gold or T-SPOT.TB) in distinguishing ITB from CD were eligible.Main outcome measures included sensitivity and specificity.Area under the curve (AUC) of the summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curve was used to evaluate the accuracy of IGRAs.Results Twelve studies (all from Asia) were finally included.The pooled sensitivity and specificity of IGRAs for the differential diagnosis of ITB from CD were 82.8％ (95％CI 78.4％-86.6％) and 86.7％ (95％ CI 83.2％-89.6％) respectively.The positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) were 6.870 (95％ CI 5.345-8.830) and 0.171 (95％ CI 0.105-0.279).The diagnostic odds ratio was 44.030 (95％ CI 27.964-69.325).And the AUC of sROC was 0.939.Conclusions IGRAs have a high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of ITB,and specificity is consistent from study to study.IGRAs may be considered as a supplementary method in the differential diagnosis of ITB from CD.

Titanium and titanium alloys,which are bio-inert materials and have excellent mechanical properties,have broad applications in clinic.On the one hand,TiO2 nanotube can effectively enhance the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and have antimicrobial abilities in some extent;On the other hand,TiO2 nanotube,an outstanding drug-carrier,could effectively prevent and treat bone implant-related infection by loading antimicrobial agents.By means of modifying the nanotube coating,improving the efficiency of drug loading and ameliorating release profile,the ideal antimicrobial property could be achieved.Strategies for drug release can be divided into two approaches,namely mechanical release and intellectual release.Mechanical release could fortify the antibacterial ability of coating,but the unicity and uncontrollability of agents diluting need to be resolved.By contrast,intellectual agents release has the advantages of multiple drug species,controllable release volume and programmed trigger condition.This article reviews the current and potential methods of antibacterial substances loading and release from TiO2 nanotube,and expects to provide the orientation for future direction of controllable and intellectual nanotube drug release.

Objective To observe different effects of cyclic and continuous nutrition infusion on serum nutritional indicators, peripheral white blood cell counts (WBC), arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅲ (APACHE Ⅲ ) score in patients with mechanical ventilated respiratory failure (MVRF).Methods A cross-over and self-controlled trial was conducted in 48 patients with MVRF treated in a medical intensive care unit during December 2006 to June 2009, and continuous nutrition (group A) and cyclic nutrition (group B) were infused respectively for patients of the two groups.Serum levels of albumin (ALB), pre-albumin (PA), transferrin (TR), PaO2, PaCO2, WBC and APACHE Ⅲ score were measured for the patients with 24-hour continuous nutrition (group A) and 16-hour cyclic nutrition (group B)infusion.Effects of the two nutritional therapies were compared.Results After nutrition infusion, serum levels of ALB, PA and TR were (34±3)g/L, (196±28)mg/L and (2.1±0.3 ) g/L in group A, and (35 ±4) g/L, (198 ±25) mg/L and (2.0 ±0.4) g/L in group B, respectively; and PaO2 and PaCO2levels were (92 ± 12) mm Hg ( 1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) and (42 ± 10) mm Hg in group A, and (91 ±9)mm Hg and (42 ± 10) mm Hg in group B, respectively.WBC and APACHE Ⅲ score were ( 11.8 ± 1.7) ×109/L and 38 ±7 in group A, and ( 12.6 ± 1.2) × 109/L and 40 ±6 in group B, respectively.Significant difference in serum levels of PA and TR was found between the two groups (PPA =0.019 and PTR =0.013),while there was no significant difference in other indictors between the two groups.Conclusions 24-hour continuous nutrition infusion for patients with MVRF can obviously improve their serum levels of PA and TR,but has no effect on serum level of ALB, PaO2, WBC and APACHE Ⅲ score in critical ill patients, as compared to those with 16-hour cyclic nutrition infusion.

The correct pairing of disulfide bonds maintains the correct folding mode and high-level structure formation of peptides and protein drugs, which is crucial for the quality control of products. In order to ensure that the disulfide bonds are correctly paired, disulfide bond analysis is an essential part of peptides and protein drug characterization. Mass spectrometry can be used to analyze disulfide bonds. However, insulin and its analogues have two pairs of disulfide bonds without restriction enzyme cutting site. Conventional collision-induced dissociation (CID) and high-energy induced cleavage (HCD) cannot accurately locate the complex disulfide bond. In our study, three methods were used to localize the complex disulfide, including enzyme digestion combined with key peptide fragment in source decay (ISD) fragmentation method, enzyme digestion combined with partial reduction alkylation method, intact protein source ISD and electron transfer dissociation (ETD) cleavage method, The applicability of insulin aspart, insulin lispro and insulin glargine were also investigated. This study provides a new way for the quality control of disulfide bonding mode of insulin and its analogues, and also provides a reference for the disulfide bond localization of peptides or proteins containing this complex disulfide bond.

Objective To establish a real‐time quantitative PCR method for the detection of cytokine receptor‐like factor 2 (CRLF2) expression .Methods Specific primers amplification target gene CRLF2 and housekeeping genes ABL were designed ,the purified PCR products were performed the TA cloning .After bacterial colony PCR screening and sequencing ,then the recombinant plasmids DNA was extracted and measured by using UV spectrophotometer and converted to copies/mL concentration .Finally it was diluted for preparing the plasmid standard substance ,then the standard curve was drawn for observing the sensitivity and linear rang ,meanwhile the stability of the plasmid DNA was evaluated .This method was initially applied to detect the CRLF2 level of bone marrow mononuclear cells in 10 cases of healthy children and 10 cases of newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) .Results CRLF2 PCR product had a single specific melting curve;the linear detection range of the standard substance was 103 - 108 copies /ml;the plasmid standard substance by freeze‐thawing for 3 times remained stable;the CRLF2 level of clinical sample was within the linear detection range of standard substance .Conclusion The real‐time quantitative PCR method for CRLF2 established by our laboratory has good specificity ,linearity range and stability ,which can be applied to the quantitative detection of CRLF2 gene in clinical ALL children .

Objective To carry out the quality control testing and evaluation for three digital mammography systems.Methods The performance of three digital mammography systems was assessed by applying methods recommended in the European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis and Chinese specification for testing of quality control in X-ray mammography.The performance of X-ray generator of three digital mammography systems were tested and evaluated.CDMAM 3.4 phantom with four different thickness(30,40,50,60 mm) were exposured in DR,PCM,and CR system,respectively.The average glandular dose (AGD) value was measured and image quality figure (IQF) analysis was performed in each thickness.Results The X-ray machine performance of DR and CR was in accordance with existing standard,however the standard was inappropriate to evaluate part of X-ray machine performance of PCM system.The AGDs for system DR were 1.20,1.42,1.75 and 2.20 mGy for 30,40,50 and 60 mm PMMA thickness,respectively.The respective AGDs for system PCM and CR were 0.82,1.19,1.33,1.70 mGy and 0.59,0.88,1.47,2.19 mGy.For the same phantom thickness sequence,the IQFs were 21.36,21.57,27.25 and 30.58 for system DR,28.02,29.10,35.90,and 41.24 for system PCM,whereas they were 39.78,39.30,43.85 and 48.08 for system CR.Conclusions The AGDs of all three systems were in accordance with the values recommended in European guideline.The AGD and IQF could provide an effective way for performance assessment and constancy checks for digital mammography systems.

OBJECTIVETo establish the quality standard of Entadae Semen, and provide scientific basis for its quality control.

METHODTLC and HPLC were used for qualitative identification and quantitative analysis of phaseoloidin and entadamide A-O-β-D-glucopyranoside in Entadae Semen. The test of water content, ash and ethanol-soluble extractives of Entadae Semen was carried out according to the methods recorded in appendix of Chinese Pharmacopeia (2010 edition).

RESULTThe TLC was well separated with clear spots. The linear range of phaseoloidin was between 0.014 to 2.747 g x L(-1) (r = 0.999 6, n = 9) with an average recovery rate of 101.06% (RSD 0.90%, n = 6); the linear range of entadamide A-O-β-D-glucopyranoside was between 0.002 to 0.452 g x L(-1) (r = 0.999 7, n = 9) withan average recovery rate of 101.52% (RSD 1.09%, n = 6). The content of phaseoloidin in sample is between 5.12% to 9.24%, entadamide A-O-β-D-glucopyranoside is between 0.55% to 2.17%, alcohol-soluble extracts is between 30.9% to 45.2%, water is between 6.6% to 8.6%, and total ash is between 2.4% to 2.9%.

CONCLUSIONThe established standard is acceptable for quality control of Entadae Semen.

China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Fabaceae ; chemistry ; Quality Control

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.026

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of treating Freiberg's disease with dorsal wedge osteotomy and Charlotte breakage screw fixation.Methods From June 2010 to June 2014,11 patients with Freiberg's disease were treated at our department.They were 5 males and 6 females at an average age of 32 years(range,from 15 to 52 years).X-ray revealed osteosclerosis and collapse of the metatarsal head.According to Smillie classification system,there were 5 cases of stage Ⅱ and 6 ones of stage Ⅲ.The duration of symptoms was from 7 to 48 months (average,23 months).The metatarsal heads were rotated to reconstruct the joint surface.After dorsal closed V-shaped osteotomy,Charlotte breakage screws were implanted.Results All wounds healed with no complications in the early postoperative period.The 11 patients were followed up for 14 to 48 months (average,19 months),showing obvious pain relief.X-ray showed that the osteotomy sites got solid union in all patients at an average time of 10 weeks (range,from 8 to 13 weeks) after operation.Average shortening of the metatarsal was 1.5 mm (range,from 1.1 to 1.8 mm).The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS) score,Lesser Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal Scale(LMIS) score,and range of motion at one day,one month and one year after operation were significantly improved compared with the preoperative ones (P ＜ 0.05).Significant differences were also observed between all postoperative time points (P ＜ 0.05).No such complications happened as referred pain from the adjacent metatarsophalangeal joint,displacement,nonunion,necrosis or infection.All patients returned to sports and recreational activities at 6 months after operation,except one case of stage Ⅲ who had constant swelling in the metatarsophalangeal joint but eventually recovered at 10 months after operation.According to patients' satisfaction at the last follow-ups,including 7 cases were excellent,3 good and one poor.Conclusion Dorsal closed V-shaped osteotomy with Charlotte breakage screw fixation is an effective procedure for Freiberg' s disease of stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ,because it leads to effective reconstruction of the metatarsophalangeal joint,allows early joint motion and avoids a second operation.