Objective To investigate the pathogen distribution and drug sensitivity in childhood bacillary dysentery,and to guide clinically the selection of reasonable antibiotics.Methods Bacterial drug susceptibility test was performed by standard Kirby-Bauer method.The results were interpreted according to NCCLS 2002.Results Of the 98 cases,there were two types of positive bacterial species:sh.flexneri(n = 77)and sh.sonnei(n = 21).Both sh.flexneri and sh.sonnei were sensitive to cefoperazone,eeftazidime,ceftriaxone,cefoperazone/sulbactam and fura- zolidone,and insensitive to ampicillin and co-trimoxazole.Conclusion sh.flexneri was the major pathogen of child- hood bacillary dysentery.The third generation cephalosporins were the first choice for shigella infections.

Objective To compare the effect of TNF-α preconditioning and ischemic preconditioning on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury ( IRI) and investigate the underlying mechanisms of TNF-αpreconditioning. Methods Fourty healthy male Wistar rats were random-ly divided into four groups which were Sham-operated group ( SO) ,ischemia-reperfusion group ( IR group:produced by total inflow occlusion for 30 min) ,ischemic preconditioning group ( IPC group:induce with 10 min hepatic ischemic and open 10 min before IR) and TNF-αpre-conditioning group ( TPC group:intraperitoneal injection with 1 μg/kg TNF-a 30 min prior to IR) . The sample of blood and hepatic tissue of all groups were taken after experiment. The protein levels of NF-κBp65 and Bcl-2 in the hepatic tissue were detected by immunohistochemis-try. Results There was significant difference (P<0. 05) between IR group and IPC group,TPC group on the level of ALT,AST and the expression of NF-κBp65 and Bcl-2,apoptosis index in hepatic tissue. There was no significance difference (P>0. 05) between IPC group and TPC group. Conclusion TNF-α preconditioning decreased the intensity of hepatic IRI,just as ischemic preconditioning,by induces an de-crease in the NF-κBp65 expression and an increase in the Bcl-2 expression.

Objective To analyze the advantage of altered fractionation radiotherapy by calculating the accumulative effects of daily biologically effective dose (BED) to find out the difference between conventional fractionated radiotherapy and altered fractionation radiotherapy.Methods The data in the report of hyperfractionated or accelerated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer published by Cochrane Collaboration in 2010 was analyzed.Based on the radiotherapy processes mentioned in this report,the accumulative effects of daily BED were calculated and compared in different radiotherapy processes by using linear-quadratic mode.The variation of BED in different radiotherapy processes was find out.Results In total dose of unity as the premise of 70 Gy,altered fractionation especially the hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy could give a higher BED to the tumor during a shorter period,hyperfractionated radiotherapy could give a lower BED to normal tissues,and hyperfractionated radiotherapy with split course could give higher BED to the tumor while lower BED to normal tissues.Conclusions The variation of BED in different radiotherapy processes can be shown clearly by linear-quadratic mode.It can be simple and shortcut through mathematical models for the evaluation of different radiotherapy plan,on clinical symptomatic selection play a guiding role in tumor therapy.

AIM and METHOD: In terms of difference value between bleeding blood volume that caused hemorrhagic shouk (HS) and residual blood volume at 2 h after HS, showed that HS at 5.3 kPa level was compen- satory and at 4.0 kPa level was decompensatory. Comparing some blood changes between HS two levels and their changes while pretreated with captopril (Capt. ) to reduce the release of angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang-Ⅱ), so as to inveshgate the significance of Ang - Ⅱ during HS. RESULTS: The residual blood volume in 4.0 kPa HS + Capt. group are again from near "zero" value in simple 4.0 kPa HS group. In both two HS level groups found blood dilution and was not influenced by pretreating with Capt.; contents of K+ and aldosterone increased, but Na+ had no changes, in Capt. + HS group, the former two contents reduced and Na+ had no changes comparing with each HS group. In two HS groups, the bind lactate, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) increased and had more increment in 4.0 kPa HS group. All these changes could be prevented by pretreating with Capt. The blood glucose in 5.3 kPa HS group increased markedly and Capt. had no influence on it, but decreased extremely in 4.0 kPa HS group and Capt. could make it re - increased. CONCLUSIONS: Artery blood pressure (ABP) at 5 .3 kPa level was compensatory HS and ABP at 4 .0 kPa level was decompensatory HS, some changes on decompensatory HS were more serious and severe than compensatory HS, Capt. has protective effects on some changes during HS and could prolong the survival time of decompensatory HS, all that indicated the increment of Aug - Ⅱ is an important pathogenetic factor during HS.

Objective To investigate the changes of blood lipid,endothelin(ET)and carbohydrate tolerance in simple obesity children.Methods Serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyeride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL),endothelin(ET) and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) of 436 cases(light obesity group 242,moderate obesity group 138,heavy obesity group 56) were detected respectively.Results The levels of TC,TG,LDL,ET and OGTT in 3 simple obesity groups were all higher than those in control group obviously and there were significant differences.The significant positive correlation between the obesity children serum lipids,ET and obese degrees were observed.Four insulin resistant children were found in heavy obesity group and none in other groups.Conclusions The levels of serum lipids and ET increases in obesity children and the OGTT decreases in some heavy obesity children.For preventing the obesity related health problems,the simple obesity children should be paid more attention to earlier.

Objective To retrospectively compare the image quality and radiation dose for coronary CT angiography obtained with a prospectively gated transverse (PGT) CT technique and a retrospectively gated helical (RGH) CT technique. Methods Coronary CT angiography obtained with 256-slice CT were retrospectively evaluated in 177 patients. The main branches of coronary arteries were divided into 9 segments. The image quality was evaluated with a four-point grading scale. The assessability of coronary artery segment, image quality score and radiation dose for prospective and retrospective CT angiography were compared with student t test. Results The PGT technique was used in 86 patients. The routine RGT technique was used in 91 patients. The percentage of assessable coronary artery segments was 98. 8% (765 of 774)with PGT technique versus 99. 6% (816 of 819) with RGH technique (t = 2. 51, P = 0. 01 ). In patients with heart rates under 75 beats per minute, the image quality of coronary artery branches was similar between PGT and RGH techniques (99. 8% versus 99. 7%, t = 1.90, P > 0. 05 ) . In patients with heart rates above 75 beats per minute, the image quality with RGH technique was better than that with PGT technique (99.0% versus 93. 6%, t = 3.57, P < 0. 05 ). Effective dose with prospective CT angiography was 60. 0% lower than that with retrospective CT angiography [ (4. 4 ± 0. 5 ) vs ( 10. 3 ± 1.5 ) mSv, t = 33.4,P <0. 05 ]. Conclusions Prospective CT angiography can reduce effective radiation dose obviously. The PGT technique offers the similar image quality with RGH technique in patients with heart rates under 75 beats per minute and RGH technique has better image quality in patients with heart rates above 75 beats per minute.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effects of Dynesys system for the treatment of multiple segment lumbar degenerative disease.

METHODSA total of 28 patients with lumbar degenerative disc disease treated with Dynesys system from December 2008 to May 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 16 males and 12 females, aged from 27 to 75 years old with an average of 49.1 years. Thirteen patients with multiple segmental lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion, including L3-L5 in 7 cases, L2-L4 in 1 case and L4-S1 in 5 cases. Fifteen patients with multiple segmental lumbar spinal stenosis, including L3-L5 in 10 cases, L4-L5 in 4 cases and L2-S1 in 1 case. The symptoms of lumbago and (or) intermittent claudication in all patients were treated with conservative treatments for more than 6 months and these methods did not work. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to analyze the lumbar and leg pain, imaging data were used to measure the intervertebral space height and intervertebral motion of fixed segment and upper adjacent segment, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was used to evaluate the clinical effect.

RESULTSAll operations were successful and the patients were followed up from 38 to 65 months with an average 50.6 months. At final follow-up, ODI and VAS of the low back pain and leg pain were (25.10±6.52)%, (1.25±0.70) points and (1.29±0.89) points, respectively and were decreased compared with preoperative (P<0.05). Postoperative intervertebral space heights were increased and intervertebral motions were decreased in fixed segment compared with preoperative (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in intervertebral space heights and intervertebral motions of upper adjacent segment between preoperative and postoperative (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONDynesys system may obtain long-term clinical curative effect in treating multiple lumbar degenerative disease. It can partially preserve the intervertebral motions of the fixed segments, have little effect on adjacent segments. The long-term clinical effect of Dynesys still need longer time follow-up observation.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; pathology ; surgery ; Joint Instability ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Visual Analog Scale

Multi-target drugs attract increasing attentions for the therapy of complicated neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, a computer-assisted strategy was applied to search for multi-target compounds by the pharmacophore matching. This strategy has been successfully used to design dual-target inhibitor models against both the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). Based on two pharmacophore models matching and physicochemical properties filtering, one hit was identified which could inhibit AChE with IC50 value of (0.337 +/- 0.052) micromol x L(-1) and PARP-1 by 24.6% at 1 micromol x L(-1).
Acetylcholinesterase ; metabolism ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Computer-Aided Design ; Drug Discovery ; methods ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors

BACKGROUND:In recent years, some studies have demonstrated that ganglioside can promote survival and differentiation of umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cel s in vitro. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of injection of human umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cel s and ganglioside into rat lateral ventricles on neurological functional recovery from cerebral palsy. METHODS:Total y 60 cerebral palsy neonatal rats were delivered from pregnant rats which were modes were given intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide for 2 successive days on day 17 of gestation. Then those neonatal rats were randomly divided into five groups, including model group (n=10), sham transplantation group (n=10), stem cel transplantation group (n=18), ganglioside group (n=10) and combination group (n=12). Under stereotaxic instrument, umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cel s or ganglioside were injected into left lateral ventricles of the rat brain, respectively, and the sham transplantation group was given the same volume of phosphate buffered saline. Two rats from the stem cel transplantation group were put to death for immunofluorescence staining at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after transplantation, respectively, and two rats in the combination group were kil ed for immunofluorescence staining at 14 days. Besides, al rats were underwent neurologic evaluation at 28 days after transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cel s could survive, migrate and differentiate, which mainly distributed in the lateral ventricle, hippocampus and cortex. At 14 days after transplantation, positive expressions of BrdU and glial fibril ary acidic protein in the combination group were significantly higher than those in the stem cel transplantation group (P<0.05). In addition, compared with the model group, the holding time significantly prolonged and foot error times significantly decreased in the latter three groups (P<0.05), as wel as in the combination group compared with the stem cel transplantation and ganglioside groups (P<0.05). These results indicate that umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cel s and ganglioside can both improve neurological function of rats with cerebral palsy. Given that ganglioside can promote survival and differentiation of umbilical blood cord mesenchymal stem cel s in vivo, the combined transplantation is preferred.

Objective To explore effects of heroin and ephedrine on the histological structure and ChAT activity of hypothalamus and hippocampus of filial mice. Expression of Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax protein) and keratinocyte growth factor(KGF) of hypothalamus and hippocampus were measured. Methods One hundred and eight filial mice were given intraperitoneal injection of heroin and ephedrine by gradually increase of doses, apoptosis and expression of Bax protein and KGF of hypothalamus and hippocampus were observed by Giemsa staining and immunohistochemistry, and the ChAT activity was detected by colorimetry. Results After administration of heroin and ephedrine at 5,10,15,20 days, the number of apoptotic cells and expression of Bax protein and KGF of hypothalamus and hippocampus were significantly increased and ChAT activity was lower than those of the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were differences between heroin group and the ephedrine group in the above-mentioned four indexes (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The number of apoptotic cells and Bax protein and KGF immunopositive neurons of hypothalamus and hippocampus increased by the increase in dose of heroin and ephedrine. Conclusions Heroin and ephedrine had great effect on the histological structure and ChAT activity of hypothalamus and hippocampus of filial mice, and this effects would be related to the cell apoptosis of hypothalamus and hippocampus.