Traditional Chinese medicine has multi-component, multi-target, and multi-path action characteristics and complexity, which makes the task of modernizing traditional Chinese medicine arduous, and many medical researchers have made unremitting efforts to this end. The development of systems biology and omics has ushered in an opportunity for the integration of traditional Chinese medicine and modern science. In particular, the characteristics integrity, dynamics, personalization, and interaction with the environment of epigenetics and metabolomics are consistent with function concept of traditional Chinese medicine. The application of popular DNA methylation, histone modifications, miRNA regulation of epigenetic research, and the application of metabolomics in the substance basis, quality control, pharmacodynamic action mechanism in traditional Chinese medicine research are reviewed in this paper. This paper also puts forward the idea that combining the two and innovative application can clarify the scientific connotation of the whole action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine and the mechanism of multi-component, multi-channel, and multi-target synergistic action at the micro level, and explore a new research model for the scientific connotation of the core thought of traditional Chinese medicine.

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of the water-extracts of Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring.

METHODSVarious chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the constituents. Their physico-chemical properties and spectral data were used to elucidate the structures.

RESULTSNine compounds were isolated and identified as (2R,3S)-dihydro-2- (3',5'-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-5-acetyl-benzofuran (1), 3-hydroxy-phenpropionic acid-(2'-methoxy-4'-carboxy-phenol) ester (tamariscina ester A, 2), sygringaresinol (3), 1-(4'-hydroxyl-3'-methoxyphenyl)glycerol (4), ferulic acid (5), caffeic acid (6), vanillic acid (7), syringic acid (8), and umbelliferone (9).

CONCLUSIONCompound 1 and 2 are new compounds, and the others were isolated from Selaginella for the first time.

Benzofurans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Caffeic Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Coumaric Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Phenylpropionates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Selaginellaceae ; chemistry ; Vanillic Acid ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Objective To establish performance evaluation indexes architecture model and provide theory evidence for scientific,objective and practical performance evaluation index for clinical nurse.Methods Semistroctured interview was conducted to 12 experienced expert nurses.The data was analyzed via qualitative research,established performance evaluation indexes architecture model for clinical nurse.Results Performance evaluation indexes architecture model was established based on " Quality care demonstration project",it contained 3 one class indexes (basic performance,workload performance and quality performance),10 two class indexes and 38 three class indexes.Conclusions Performance evaluation indexes architecture model would play an important role in assessing the performance of nursing staff obiectively and reasonably.

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring.

METHODSThe compounds were isolated and purified by macroporous adsorption resin, Sephadex LH-20 and silica gel column chromatography and identified on the basis of their physicochemical and spectral data.

RESULTSFour compounds were obtained from the n-BuOH fraction of 70% acetone extracts. Their structures were elucidated as (7S, 8R)-7, 8-dihydro-7-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-8-hydroxymethyl-[1'-( 7'-hydroxyethyl)-5' methoxyl] benzofuran-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (tamariscinoside C, I), D-mannitol (II), tyrosine (II), shikimic acid (IV).

CONCLUSIONCompound I is a new compound, compounds II and III were obtained from the genius for the first time, compound IV was yielded from the plant for the first time.

Benzofurans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Mannitol ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Monosaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Selaginellaceae ; chemistry ; Shikimic Acid ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Tyrosine ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring.

METHODSVarious chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the chemical constituents. Their physico-chemical properties and spectral data were used to elucidate the structures.

RESULTSFour compounds were isolated from the n-BuOH fraction of the water-extracts. Their structures were identified as 1-hydroxy-2-[2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-phenyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy)-propane-1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (tamariscinoside B, I), adenosine (II), guanosine (III), arbutin (IV).

CONCLUSIONTamariscinoside B (I) is a new compound, while the others were isolated from Selaginella for the first time.

Adenosine ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Arbutin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Guanosine ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Selaginellaceae ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents from Corallodiscus flabellata.

METHODThe compounds were isolated with macroporous adsorption resin, silica gel column chromatography and identified on the basis of their physiochemical and spectral data.

RESULTSix compounds were obtained and identified as vanillic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyl-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, syringic acid, caffeic acid, isoacteoside, ferulic acid.

CONCLUSIONAll the compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Gallic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Phenols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Vanillic Acid ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of the pine needles of Pinus massoniana lamb..

METHODSVarious chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify. Their physico-chemical properties and spectral data (UV, IR, MS, 1H-1 H COSY, HMQC, DEPT, HMBC and ORD ect.) were measured for structure elucication.

RESULTSThree compounds were isolated from the n-BuOH fraction of water-extracts. Their structures were identified as massonianoside A (4), massonianoside A: (7S, 8R)-3, 4, 9'-trihydroxyl-3-methyoxyl-7, 8-dihydrobenzofunan-1'-propanolneoligan-9-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, massonianoside C (5), (7S, 8R)-9,9'-dihydroxyl-3,3'-dimethyoxyl-7,8-dihydrobenzofunan-1'- propanolneoligan-4-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside and cedrusin-4-O-beta-glucoside (6), (7S, 8R)-3',9,9'-trihydroxyl-3-methoxyl-7,8-dihydrobenzofunan-1'- propanolneoligan-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside.

CONCLUSIONCompound 4 and 5 are new compounds.

Benzofurans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Pinus ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

AIMTo study the chemical constituents from Corallodiscus flabellata.

METHODSThe compounds were isolated and purified by macroporous adsorption resin, silica gel column chromatography and identified on the basis of their physiochemical and spectral data.

RESULTSThree phenylethanoid glycosides (I-III) were obtained from the n-BuOH fraction of water-extracts. Their structures were elucidated as 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol-8-O-[beta-D-apiofuranosyl (1-->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (I), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol-8-O-[4-O-trans-caffeoyl-beta-D-apiofuranosyl (1-->3)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (II) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol-8-O-[beta-D-apiofuranosyl(1-->3)-beta- D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (III).

CONCLUSIONCompounds I, II and III are new compounds.

Caffeic Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Disaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

AIMTo study the chemical constituents from Corallodiscus flabellata.

METHODSFresh plant of Corallodiscus flabellata was extracted twice with boiling water, filtered to remove insoluble materials, concentrated under reduced pressure at temperature 55 degrees C to a small volume. The concentrated liquor was subjected to solvent-solvent partitioning using ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol (saturated with water). The fraction of ethyl acetate extract was chromatographed over macroporous adsorption resin (Diaion HP-20) eluted with a mixture of H2O and MeOH in increasing MeOH content. Their fractions from resin were repeatedly chromatographed over Sephadex LH-20, Toyopearl HW-40, gel MCI, Gel CHP-20 and silica gel column. Structures of compounds obtained were identified on the basis of their spectral data, hydrolysis and chemical correlation.

RESULTSTwo phenylethanoid glycosides (I, II) and three phenolic acids were obtained from the EtOAc fraction of water-extracts. Their structures were identified as 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol-8-O-[beta-D-apiofuranosyl (1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (I), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol-8-O-[(5-O- Vanilloyl)-beta-D-apiofuranosyl(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (II), vanillic acid (III), syringic acid (IV) and ferulic acid (V).

CONCLUSIONI and II are new compounds. Compounds III, IV and V were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Disaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Vanillic Acid ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of the pine needles from Pinus massoniana Lamb..

METHODSVarious chromatographic techniques were used for the separation and purification. The physicochemical properties and spectral data were used to elucidate the structures.

RESULTSThree compounds were isolated from the n-BuOH fraction of water-extracts. The structures were identified as (7S,8R)-4,9'-dihydroxyl-3, 3'-dimethyoxyl-7, 8-dihydrobenzofunan-1'-propanolneolignan-9-O-alpha- L-rhamnopyranoside (massonianoside D, 7), 4,4',9,9'-tetrahydroxyl-3,3'-dimethyoxyl-tetrahydrocyclolignan ((+)-isolariciresinol, 8) and 4,4',9'-trihydroxyl-3,3'-dimethyoxyl-tetrahydrocyclolignan-9-O-beta-D- xylopyranoside (isolariciresinol-9-O-xyloside, 9) on the basis of spectral data (ORD, UV, IR, MS, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, 1H-1HCOSY, HMQC and HMBC etc.).

CONCLUSIONCompound 7 is a new compound, while compounds 8 and 9 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Lignans ; chemistry ; classification ; isolation & purification ; Lignin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Monosaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Naphthols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Pinus ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry