Objective To explore the changes of weight,body mass index(MBI),serum glucose,serum insulin in sodium valproate(VPA)-treated children with epilepsy.Methods The study was carried out in 30 epileptic children treated with VPA for 3 months.Weight,height,serum glucose and insulin levels were conducted before and after VPA treatment.Serum insulin levels were detected by radioimmunoassay.Results After 3 months' treatment,body weight [(15.68?3.82)kg vs(19.64?4.75)kg,t=3.56 P0.05].Conclusions VPA therapy can make insuline weight,BMI,serum insulin increased and may lead to insulin resistance.Insulin resistance may be one of the reasons for weight gain in VPA-treated patients.

Objective To probe the effects of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B) on cell apoptosis and left ventricular segmental function in acute ischemia repeffusion in dogs.Method Twenty-four dogs were randomly divided into three groups:without left anterior artery (lAD) ligation group (C group),LAD was occluded 30 min following reperfusion 120 minutes in isehemical reperfusion group (IR group),and dogs were administered with PDTC before LAD ligation in ischemical reperfusion plus pyorrole dithitocarbamate group (PDTC group).The left ventricular segmental function was detected by echo cardiography using strain rate anlysis software.EF measured by Simpson's method.Cardiac myocyte apoptosis numbers were determined by terminal deoxynudeotidy transferease-mediated biotinylated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL).lmmunohistochemistry and western-blot anylysis of NF-?B protein expression.Results NF-?B was obviously expression on injury myocardium of IR group,and increased significantly in contrast to control group (P0.05)Conclusions NF-?B might play an important role in acute myocardial ischemia reperfusion.PDTC reduces myocardial iscbemia/repeffasion injury by preventing expression of factor NF-?B.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Citalopram on the mRNA expression of bax and bel-2 in frontal cortical neurons and on cell apoptosis of rats after stress.

METHODSTwenty-four healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 8). The control group did no receive any treatment, the stress group was subject to stress and given normal saline and experimental group was given Citalopram irrigation stomach after stress. Rats were forced to swim to establish chronic stress model (15 min/d, 4 weeks), bax, bcl-2 mRNA expression were tested by in situ hybridization technique (ISH), TUNEL assay was used to determine cell apoptosis, Nikon image analysis software were used to measure the number of positive cells in each index.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the stress group showed a larger number of bax mRNA expressing cells( P < 0.01), a smaller number of bcl-2 mRNA expressing cells (P < 0.01), and the staining intensity of positive cells was significantly reduced( P < 0.01). Compared with the stress group, the experiment group showed more reduced number of bax mRNA positive cells( P < 0.01) and significantly increased bcl-2 mRNA positive cells( P < 0.05), a small amount of positive cells were found, compared with that in the stress group, nuclear condensation in the experimental group was reduced significantly and the staining was obviously weaker( P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCitalopram significantly antagonizes bax mRNA and potentiatesbcl-2 mRNA protein expression and inhibits apoptosis of rat prefrontal cortical neurons caused by chronic stress, which might be one possible mechanism of Citalopram for prevention and treatment of psychosis caused by chronic stress.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Citalopram ; pharmacology ; Male ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Prefrontal Cortex ; cytology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stress, Physiological ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the effect of heparin binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF)on liver regeneration after partial orthotopic liver transplantation.Methods Fourty SD rats were used to establish the model of partial orthotopic liver transplantation with ameliorated two-cuff technique.Then all the rats were divided into 2 groups:experiment group and control group.Twenty rats of experiment group were adminis- tered 500?g/kg HB-EGF via vena caudalis immediately after operation twice a day,while the same volume of saline was administered to the rats in control group.Five rats in each group were selected randomly and killed at the 6th hour,day 2,4 and 7 after operation,respectively.The serum levels of albumin(Alb)and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)in the blood sample were detected.Every liver was removed and weighed.The expression of Ki-67 was de- tected by using immunohistochemistry assay.The regeneration activity of hepatocytes was evaluated by flow cytom- etry.Results The wet weights of liver in experiment group were all significantly higher than that in control group at the 6th hour,day 2 and 4 after transplantation(P

Using in vitro everted gut to investigate the intestinal absorption of the extracts from Polygonum orientale at different concentration. UPLC-MS/MS was used to detect the content of protocatechuic acid, isoorientin, orientin, vitexin, cynaroside, quercitrin, kaempferol-rhamnoside in different intestinal segments, then compared the results with the absorption of chemical components of extractive P. orientale in each intestinal segments, and calculated the absorption parameter. We took the statistic analysis with SPSS statistic software. The influence significance of each factors were analyzed to describe the character of absorption. The absorption of each component is linearity in different intestinal segments and different dose, and the square of coeficient correlation exceed 0.95, which consistent with zero order rate process. The K(a) increase along with the raised dosage of the extractive P. orientale (R2 > 0.95), indicated it is the passive absorption; different intestinal segments have different absorption. And the absorption trend in intestinal is duodenum, jejunum, ileum are greater than the colon. As ingredients are selectively absorbed in intestinal sac, the everted intestinal sac method is selected to assess the intestinal absorption charcteristics of ingredients of extractive P. orientale.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; metabolism ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Polygonum ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

BACKGROUND: Isoflavone isolated from Trifolium pratense L. has been found to be able to effectively inhibit bone resorption, reduce bone turnover rate, improve osteocyte activity and bone mineral density by enhancing the effect of estrogen, which is helpful for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Trifolium pratense L. extracts on the bone resorption and differentiation of osteoclasts.METHODS: Rat bone marrow cells were extracted, isolated by lymphocyte separation and cultured for 5 hours; then, the non-adherent cells were selected followed by induced by 30 μg/L macrophage colony stimulating factor and 75 μg/L RANKL (control groups), or different concentrations of Trifolium pratense L. extracts (0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 g/L) to observe their effect on the osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. The levels of osteoclast differentiation-associated proteins c-fos and NFATcl were determined by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, different concentrations of Trifolium pratense L. extracts could suppress osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption to different degrees. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining showed that Trifolium pratense L. extracts could significantly reduce the number of osteoclasts. Western blot assay results suggest that Trifolium pratense L. extracts significantly inhibited the expression levels of c-fos and NFATcl. These results reveal that Trifolium pratense L. extracts can inhibit osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the role of Jiangzhi Xiaoban Tablet (JXT) in improving heartfunction of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and speckle trackingimaging (STI) technology.

METHODSRecruited were 60 inpatients with confirmed CHD by coronary angiography at First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2013to November 2014. They were assigned to the treatment group (group A) and the control group (groupB) according to random digit table, 30 cases in each group. Patients in group A took JXT, 0.45 g/tablet,4 tablets each time, 3 times per day, while those in group B took Simvastatin Tablet, 20 mg/tablet, 1 tablet each time, once per evening. The therapeutic course for all was 8 weeks. The long axis view of theheart of 18 segments STI Peak strain LS and TDI peak systolic Sa parameters were performed in all patients before and after treatment.

RESULTSBefore treatment segments of STI strain LS and TDI longitudinal peak systolic peak Sa were not statistically different between the two groups (P > 0.05). Each segment of STI peak longitudinal strain LS and TDI peak systolic Sa in the two groups were higher after treatment than before treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment each segment of STI parameters of LS and eachTDI segment parameters of Sa were significantly lower in group B than in group A (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONJXT could improve heart function of CHD patients to different degrees, and its curative effect was betterthan that of routine Western medicine (Simvastatin Tablets) treatment.

Coronary Artery Disease ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Heart ; drug effects ; Humans ; Simvastatin ; therapeutic use ; Tablets

OBJECTIVE To clarify out the network pharmacology mechanism of Polygala tenuifolia against Alzheimer disease(AD).METHODS Firstly,we collected the chemical constituents from Polyg-ala tenuifolia and key targets toward AD.Machine learning algorithms were applied to construct classifi-ers for predicting the effective constituents. Secondly, docking models were utilized for further evalua-tion.Finally,we built constituent-target,target-target network and target-biology pathway network.RE-SULTS 104 chemical constituents Polygala tenuifolia from were collected.Through prediction of blood-brain penetration and validation,36 chemical constituents were selected among 100 chemical constitu-ents,their action targets mainly focused on AChE,COX-2,TNF-α,insulin-degrading enzyme and APP. Their main structure types include Polygala saponins, Polygala glycosides, Polygala shrubby ketones, polygala xanthones and sterols,which acted on AchE,APP,M-TAU,GSK3β and 5HT1A with high fre-quency.Gene-Ontology and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the main pathways of these con-stituents involve in neurotransmitter release,synaptic conduction and synaptic plasticity,apoptosis reg-ulation,phosphorylation pathway,Ca2+signaling pathway,and so on.CONCLUSION This study uncov-ered a network mechanism of Polygala tenuifolia against Alzheimer disease,which may provide impor-tant information for the further study and new drug development.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the variation in expression of ARHI, STAT3 and E2F1 and the correlation among them during carcinogenesis of ovarian serous carcinoma.

METHODSImmunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of ARHI, STAT3 and E2F1 in samples of 25 normal ovaries, 35 ovarian serous cystadenomas, 18 borderline serous cystadenomas and 56 ovarian serous carcinomas. The variation in expression of the three genes and relationship among them were analyzed.

RESULTSARHI expression was detected in 22 of 25 (88.0%) normal ovaries and 30 of 35 (85.7%) cystadenomas, but only in 10 of 18 (55.6%) borderline serous cystadenomas and 22 of 56 (39.3%) ovarian serous carcinomas, significantly lower than that in the normal ovaries and ovarian serous cystadenomas (P < 0.05). STAT3 expression was found in 14 of 18 (77.8%) borderline serous cystadenomas and 49 of 56 (87.5%) ovarian serous carcinomas, significantly higher than that in the normal ovaries and ovarian serous cystadenomas (P < 0.05). To compare with E2F1 expression in the normal ovaries, serous cystadenomas and borderline serous cystadenomas, E2F1 expression in 46 of 56 (82.1%) ovarian serous carcinomas was significantly higher (P < 0.05). It was found that the expression of ARHI was inversely correlated with that of STAT3 and E2F1.

CONCLUSIONOur findings indicate that ARHI expression is down-regulated, but STAT3 and E2F1 expressions are up-regulated, with an inverse correlation between ARHI and STAT3 in the carcinogenesis of ovarian serous carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cystadenoma, Serous ; metabolism ; pathology ; E2F1 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Middle Aged ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Ovary ; metabolism ; pathology ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins ; metabolism