OBJECTIVETo investigate the collagen constitution of hyperplastic scar (HS) in different ages and the change of relative factors.

METHODSThirty cases with HS were divided into two groups according to patients' age: group 1 (1 - 19 years, A) and group 2 (20 - 50 years, B). The normal skin (NS) from corresponding age of volunteers was employed as control group. The changes in TGFbeta1, collagenase (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1beta) and the collagen ratio were observed by means of in situ hybridization technique and SABC (Strept-Avidin-Biotin complex) immunohistochemistry and image analysis.

RESULTSThe ratio of type I to type III collagen in A group was 6.48 in average and 3.76 in B group, but there was no evident difference in the ratio during the disease process in both groups. The expression of TGFbeta1 in A group was much higher than that in B group (P < 0.01). The TIMP-1 mRNA expression showed no difference among all age groups in HS patients, but it was much higher than that in NS group. The MMP-1 expression was evidently lower than TIMP-1 expression, and there was no difference in MMP-1 expression compared with NS group.

CONCLUSION(1) The TGFbeta1 expression in HS patients was negatively correlated with age, and the increased expression of TGFbeta1 produced an increase ratio of type I to type III collagen. (2) High level expression of TIMP-1 led to the formation of HS by inhibiting MMP-1 expression, and the expression was not related to age.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Burns ; metabolism ; pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Collagen Type I ; biosynthesis ; Collagen Type III ; biosynthesis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; biosynthesis ; Middle Aged ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; biosynthesis ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; biosynthesis ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the prevalence,genotype and epidemiology of plasmid- mediated AmpC enzyme of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Methods A total of 67 clinical isolates of nonrepetitive cefoxitin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae collected by Fuzhou General Hospital and Fujian Provincial Hospital during a period of Sept.2004 to Mar.2005 were detected by three-dimensional extract test for AmpC enzyme,and PCR for AmpC enzyme and other ?-lactamase gene amplification and DNA sequencing were carried out for genotype of ?-lactamase.Plasmid transformation experiment was used to study the transfer of cefoxitin resistance.The homology of the isolates was determined by ERIC-PCR fingerprinting.Results At two hospitals in Fuzhou,the prevalence of plasmid-mediated AmpC enzyme among cefoxitin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 16.7% and 10.5%, 8.0% and 0,respectively.Two isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae produced DHA-1 plasmid-mediated AmpC enzyme,and 4 isolates of Escherichia cob and one strain of Escherichia coli produced CMY-2 and CMY-22 plasmid-mediated AmpC enzyme respectively.Furthermore,5 strains of Escherichia coli with CMY AmpC enzyme were also found simuhaneously to produce TEM-144,CTX-M-27,CTX-M-14 and TEM-1 ?-lactamase respectively.Three strains of Escherichia coli and one isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae could transfer cefoxitin resistance to acceptant bacillus.ERIC-PCR fingerprinting reveals 2 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae came from same clone,but 5 strains of Escherichia coli came from different clones.Conclusions The clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing DHA-1 plasmid-mediated AmpC enzyme and Escherichia coli producing CMY-2,CMY-22 plasmid-mediated AmpC enzyme are found in Fuzhou.CMY-22 AmpC enzyme and TEM-144 ?-lactamase are the first reported in the world,GenBank accession number: DO256079,DO256080

OBJECTIVE CYP2D is one of the most abundant subfamily of CYPs in the brain, especially in the cerebellum. Brain CYP2D is responsible for the metabolism of endogenous neurotransmitters such as tyramine and serotonin. Our previous studies have shown brain CYP2D can be regulated by exogenous and endogenous substances with tissue- specificity. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of cerebral CYP2D on the mice behavior and the regulatory mechanism of brain CYP2D by growth hormone. METHODS Mice received the stereotaxic injection with CYP2D inhibitor quinine in deep cerebellar nuclei of cerebellum. The animals were tested with rotarod apparatus, balance beam, water maze, elevated plus maze and open field. The changes in CYP2D22, PPARαand PPARγ in brain regions and liver were assayed in male growth hormone receptor knockout mice, SH-SY5Y cells and HepG2 cells. RESULTS The inhibition of cerebellum CYP2D significantly affected the spatial learning and exploring ability of mice. Compared with WT mice, CYP2D expression was lower in brain regions from GHR(-/- ) male mice; however, hepatic CYP2D level was similar. Pulsatile GH decreased PPARα mRNA level, and increased mRNA levels of CYP2D6 and PPARα in SH- SY5Y cells. In HepG2 cells, pulsatile GH resulted in decreases in PPARα and PPARγ mRNA levels, but not CYP2D6. PPARα inhibitor induced CYP2D6 mRNA and protein by 1.32-fold and 1.43-fold in SH-SY5Y cells. PPARγ inhibitor decreased CYP2D6 mRNA and protein by 74.76% and 40.93%. PPARα agonist decreased the level of CYP2D22 mRNA in liver and cerebellum, while PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone resulted in diametrically increases. The luciferase assay showed that PPARγ actived the CYP2D6 gene promoter while PPARα inhibited its function. Pulsatile GH declined the binding of PPARα with CYP2D6 promoter by 40%, promoted the binding of PPARγ with CYP2D6 promoter by approximate 60%. The levels of brain and liver PPARα expression in male GHR(-/- ) mice is obviously higher than those in WT mice. The level of PPARγ in male GHR(-/- ) mice was decreased in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, while remained stable in the cerebellum and striatum; meanwhile, PPARγ was increased in the liver. CONCLUSION Brain CYP2D may be involved in learning and memory functions of central system. Masculine GH secretion altered the PPARs expression and the binding of PPARs to CYP2D promoter, leading to the elevated brain CYP2D in a tissue- specific manner. Growth hormone may specifically alter the metabolic and synthetic of important endogenous substances in the central nervous system (such as serotonin) through the specific regulation of brain CYP2D expression.

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of intestinal flora in diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome with Pi-wei dampness-heat syndrome (IBS-PDS).

METHODSThe seven kinds of common intestinal bacteria in feces, including enteri bacillus, enterococci, saccharomycete, bifid bacteria, lactobacillus, bacteroides and peptococcus were studied in 21 patients suffered from IBS-PDS, and compared with those in 22 patients with IBS with deficiency of Pi syndrome (DPS) and 25 healthy subjects as control.

RESULTSAs compared with the healthy subjects, the levels of enteri bacillus and enterococci were significantly increased (P<0.01), the levels of bifid bacteria, Lactobacillus and Peptococcus were significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and saccharomycete and Bacteroides were insignificantly different in patients with PDS. As compared with patients with DPS, the levels of enteri bacillus, enterococci, bifid bacteria, Lactobacillus, Peptococcus and Bacteroidaceae were significantly increased except the level of saccharomycete.

CONCLUSIONThere may be alteration of intestinal flora in patients with IBS-PDS.

Adult ; Bifidobacterium ; isolation & purification ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea ; etiology ; microbiology ; Enterobacteriaceae ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; complications ; microbiology ; Lactobacillus ; isolation & purification ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore a method to repair nasal side mucosa of wide incomplete cleft palate and reduce the tension of wound by using oral mucosa flap in the top of fissure.

METHODS27 cases of wide incomplete cleft palatal were included in the study. On the basis of two-flap palatoplasty, the triangular oral mucosa flap in the top of fissure was turned and sewed with side mucosa to repair nasal side mucosa of wide palatal cleft.

RESULTSWithout postoperative active bleeding, airway obstruction and wound infection, 27 cases had been repaired satisfactorily by this procedure. 1-3 months followed up demonstrated that all the wounds healed well without wound dehiscence or fistulas and the scars in the palate were not severe.

CONCLUSIONUsing oral mucosa flap in the top of fissure to repair nasal side mucosa of wide palatal cleft can get a reduced tension and correspondingly increase the width of mucoperiosteal flaps so as to decrease incidence rate of palatal fistulas and reduce formation of scars.

Cleft Palate ; Female ; Humans ; Mouth Mucosa ; Nasal Mucosa ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Surgical Flaps

OBJECTIVETo investigate the method for simultaneous correction of nasal deformity and unilateral cleft lip so as to decrease the secondary operation for the deformity.

METHODSThe Millard procedure (or Millard plus triangle flap insertion) was used to repair the unilateral cleft lip. Through the incisions, the greater alar and nasalis were repositioned to the normal anatomical positions. The deviated septum and columella were corrected by cutting the abnormal attachment of the orbicular muscle of mouth to the anterior nasal spine. The mattress sutures through the tip of the columella and ala nasi helped to recover the shape of the nostril.

RESULTS108 patients were treated with this method. They aged from one month to 19 years, included 30 with second degree cleft lip and 78 with third degree cleft lip. The follow-up for as long as 3 years showed satisfactory results.

CONCLUSIONSThis technique can eliminate the severe cleft nasal deformity and elevate the displaced alar cartilage at the time of lip repair without interference with nasal growth. It is recommended for the treatment of unilateral cleft lip with severe nasal deformity.

Abnormalities, Multiple ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nose ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Rhinoplasty ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate whether or not administration of folic acid and resveratrol have preventive effects on cleft palate formation as well as the comparison of the two drugs' s effects.

METHODSPregnant mice were randomly divided into 9 groups, with 8 mice in each group. The TCDD group mice were dosed with TCDD 28 microg/kg body weight on gestation day 10 (GD 10) animals in folic acid group were respectively dosed with folic acid 15, 10, 5 mg/kg and TCDD 28 microg/kg; resveratrol treated mice were divided into 3 groups: resveratrol 50 mg/kg were orally administered for 6 consecutive days, from gestational day GD 8 to GD13 in resveratrol (GD8-13 ) group; resveratrol 50 mg/kg were orally administered for 6 consecutive days, from gestational day GD 8 to GD13, followed hy an oral administered with TCDD on GD10 in resveratrol (GD8-13) + TCDD group; resveratrol 50mg/kg and TCDD 28 microg/kg were used by gavage administration at GD10 in resveratrol (GD10) + TCDD group. Control mice were treated with the same volume of water for 6 consecutive days from GD8 to GD13 and were given a single dose of corn oil on GD10. The pregnant mice weight and embryos, the number of live, cleft palate, dead and resorption fetal mice were recorded on GD 17.5. The coronal sections of the fetal mice heads were prepared at GD 17.5 and observed by microscopy.

RESULTSTotal frequency of clefts was 92.86% in TCDD group, 84.00% (15 mg), 73.08% (10 mg), 84.00% (5 mg) in folic acid + TCDD groups, 0% in resveratrol (GD10) group, 74.51% (GD10), 57.78% (GD8-13) in resveratrol + TCDD groups. The frequency of cleft was 0% in the control group. Compared with the control and the TCDD groups, there were significant differences in the number of live, dead and resorption fetal mice in TCCD + resveratrol (GD8-13) group (P < 0.05). No significant differences in embryonic weight, live fetuses weight, the number of live, dead and resorption fetal mice were found in the other groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTest dose of folic acid and resveratrol both had certain antagonistic effect on cleft palate in mice induced by TCDD, with folic acid 10 mg/kg, resveratrol 50 mg/kg GD8-13 doses having stronger antagonistic action. Effects of both the two drugs have no significant difference, but resveratrol (50 mg/kg, GD8-13) significantly affects the fetal mice's growth and development under TCDD exposure in utero.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced ; prevention & control ; Animals ; Cleft Palate ; chemically induced ; prevention & control ; Female ; Fetus ; Folic Acid ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Pregnancy ; Random Allocation ; Stilbenes ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Teratogens

Objective To assess the value of real-time intraoperative neuronavigation integrated with ultrasound in the resection of deep-seated brain tumor. Methods Thirty patients with deep-seated brain tumor were treated with microneurosurgery guided with real-time ultrasound integrated with the Brain Lab IGSonic navigation. During the ultrasound based operation, the degree of brain shift and the tumor border was timely observed, and then the tumor was resected totally. Results Guiding with navigation integrated ultrasound, we noticed the brain shift with various degrees happening in 30 patients,and the border of tumor was exposed and the tumor was resected totally without serious complications.Conclusions Intraoperative ultrasound integrated with navigation is a reliable guidance which can accurately re-localize the border of deep-seated brain tumor even when the tumor is shifting, timely delineate the reformatted images from ultrasound and totally resectcd the tumor, thus decrease the surgical time and increase the safety of surgical procedure.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the potential role of heme oxygenase-1 on preventing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in mice.

METHODSExperimental models of NASH were established by feeding male C57BL/6J mice with choline-methionine deficient diet (MCD) for four weeks. Control animals were fed with choline-methionine supplemented diet. The treatment groups were fed with MCD diet combined with HO-1 inducer hemin or inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP-IX). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were tested by enzymic method with automatic biochemistry analyzer. The degree of hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis were examined under HE staining. The hepatic mRNA and protein expressions of HO-1, TNFalpha and IL-6 were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. MCD fed mice showed increased serum ALT and AST levels and moderate to severe hepatic steatosis with inflammatory infiltration, hepatic spot or focal necrosis, light portal and sinus hepaticus fibrosis in the liver sections, which associated with enhanced expression of HO-1, TNFalpha and IL-6 mRNA and protein (1.13+/-0.11, 1.74+/-0.05; 0.20+/-0.01, 1.92+/-0.10; 0.58+/-0.02, 2.06+/-0.05 vs 0.43+/-0.02, 0.75+/-0.05; 0.08+/-0.00, 0.59+/-0.02; 0.22+/-0.01, 0.91+/-0.02). Administration of hemin significantly decreased serum ALT and AST levels and attenuated hepatic steatosis and necroinflammation which associated with up-regulation of antioxidative gene HO-1 and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFalpha and IL-6 (P < 0.01). A contrary effect on serum aminotransferase levels and liver histopathology was observed in mice injected with ZnPP-IX (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe effect was associated with suppressed HO-1 expression and increased TNFaLPHA and IL-6 expression. The data provided a biochemical, morphological and molecular biological evidence for the protective role of HO-1 in ameliorating hepatic steatosis, necroinflammation in experimental nutritional steatohepatitis.

Animals ; Fatty Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the advantage and disadvantage of laser-assisted liposuction compared with conventional liposuction.

METHODSTen swines were devided into three groups, the laser liposuction group, conventional liposuction group and control group. We compared the two surgical groups with the following aspects: ecchymosi, edema, lipocrit study, hemoglobin studies and blood biochemical changes, etc.

RESULTSThere is a benefit of laser-assisted liposuction in the following aspects such as ecchymosi, edema, lipocrit and postoperative complications. The two aspects, that is, ecchymosi and lipocrit study was statistically significant. Hemoglobin change was not statistically significant between the two groups. Laser-assisted liposuction did not lead to dysfunction of organs such as liver and kidney.

CONCLUSIONSLaser-assisted liposuction can significantly decrease the blood lose, ecchymosis and edema compared with conventional liposuction, and it did not give rise to dysfunction of organs.

Adipose Tissue ; surgery ; Animals ; Female ; Lasers ; Lipectomy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Swine ; Treatment Outcome