0.05). The positive rate (46.2%) of EA IgG antibody in MS group was significantly higher than those in the other two groups (18.3%, 9.5%)(all P

The experiences of Doctor SHI An-li, who created the SHI's Bian stone comprehensive therapy, for treating periarthritis of shoulder are introduced. There are three important points: (1) emphasizing selection of points and manipulation; (2) using the Bian stone comprehensive therapy flexibly; (3) practicing the elongated needle on the obstinate periarthritis of shoulder, and the manipulation process are explained in detail.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Complementary Therapies ; Female ; Humans ; Massage ; Middle Aged ; Periarthritis ; therapy ; Shoulder Pain ; therapy

The objectives of this study are to prepare resveratrol loaded mixed micelles composed of poloxamer 403 and poloxamer 407, and optimize the formulation in order to achieve higher drug solubility and sustained drug release. Firstly, a thin-film hydration method was utilized to prepare the micelles. By using drug-loading, encapsulation yield and particle size of the micelles as criteria, influence of three variables, namely poloxamer 407 mass fraction, amount of water and feeding of resveratrol, on the quality of the micelles was optimized with a central composite design method. Steady fluorescence measurement was carried out to evaluate the critical micelle concentration of the carriers. Micelle stability upon dilution with simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid was investigated. The in vitro release of resveratrol from the mixed micelles was monitored by dialysis method. It was observed that the particle size of the optimized micelle formulation was 24 nm, with drug-loading 11.78%, and encapsulation yield 82.51%. The mixed micelles increased the solubility of resveratrol for about 197 times. Moreover, the mixed micelles had a low critical micelle concentration of 0.05 mg · mL(-1) in water and no apparent changes in particle size and drug content were observed upon micelles dilution, indicating improved kinetic stability. Resveratrol was released from the micelles in a controlled manner for over 20 h, and the release process can be well described by Higuchi equation. Therefore, resveratrol-loaded poloxamer 403/407 mixed micelles could improve the solubility of resveratrol significantly and sustained drug release behavior can be achieved.
Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Fluorescence ; Kinetics ; Micelles ; Particle Size ; Poloxamer ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Stilbenes ; chemistry ; Water

Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; toxicity ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Nurses ; statistics & numerical data ; Occupational Exposure ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of cyclosporine A (CsA), a powerful inhibitor of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), on pneumocyte apoptosis, the release of cytochrome C and the activity of caspase-3 after lung ischemia/reperfusion, and explore the mechanisms.

METHODSSingle lung in situ ischemia/reperfusion animal model was used. 30 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): sham (S) group, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group and cyclosporine A (CsA) group. Apoptosis of pneumocyte was assessed by TUNEL method, cytochrome C (CytC) in cytoplasm was detected by immunohistochemistry techniques, and the activity of caspase-3 was measured with spectrophotometer.

RESULTSThe content of CytC in cytoplasm, the activity of caspase-3, and the value of apoptosis index (AI) in ischemia/reperfusion group were evidently higher than that in S group (P < 0.01). CsA suppressed apoptosis as well as CytC release and caspase-3 activity (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCsA can prevent the release of cytochrome C, block the apoptosis of pneumocyte accordingly maybe by closing the MPTP.

Alveolar Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cyclosporine ; pharmacology ; Cytochromes c ; metabolism ; Lung ; blood supply ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of whole lung lavage (WLL) on the pulmonary function and exercise capacity in patients with pneumoconiosis.

METHODSForty-one patients with pneumoconiosis who quit dust-exposed work not more than 6 months before underwent WLL. Clinical symptom assessment, pulmonary function test, and cardiopulmonary exercise test were performed before and one week after WLL, and the results were compared.

RESULTSThe patients with pneumoconiosis showed no significant changes in clinical symptoms after WLL. At one week after WLL, the patients with pneumoconiosis showed nonsignificant increases in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1.0), and percent predicted FEV1 (P > 0.05); peak oxygen uptake (peak VO₂) increased from 2140.6 ± 353.2 ml/min before WLL to 2374.6 ± 362.4 ml/min after WLL, percent predicted peak VO₂ increased from 82.2 ± 13.7% before WLL to 91.0 ± 14.0% after WLL, peak VO₂/kg increased from 30.6 ± 3.5 ml/min×kg before WLL to 34.2 ± 3.7 ml/min×kg after WLL, and ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide decreased from 30.6 ± 3.1 before WLL to 26.1 ± 2.7 after WLL (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWLL can remarkably improve the oxygen uptake and ventilatory efficiency in patients with pneumoconiosis during exercise, so it can improve the exercise capacity of these patients.

Adult ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Exercise Tolerance ; Humans ; Lung ; physiopathology ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; physiopathology ; therapy

The study was purposed to investigate the growth inhibitory effect of tanshinones on K562 cell line and the relationship between their structures and cytotoxicity. The modified MTT assay was adopted to measure the inhibitory effect of tanshinones at different concentrations and chemical structures on K562 cells, and the changes of cell morphology were observed by inverted phase contrast microscopy. The results indicated that the tanshinones could inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells effectively, and their cytotoxicities on K562 cells showed concentration- and time-dependent manners. The IC(50) of dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone at 24 hours were 0.91, 4.04, 5.95, 13.85 µg/ml at 48 hours were 0.37, 1.35, 1.71, 6.71 µg/ml; at 72 hours were 0.33, 0.46, 0.82, 6.02 µg/ml, respectively. It is concluded that all of the four tanshinones have proliferation inhibitory effect on K562 cell line, among them the dihydrotanshinone I is the most active one, followed by tanshinone I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone subsequently, indicating that the chemical structure of aromatic ring A of tanshinones can enhance their cytotoxicity and the structure of furan ring C may influence the cytotoxicity, but their mechanism is still remained to be further investigated.
Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Structure-Activity Relationship

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; virology ; Humans ; Male

AIMTo study the preparation of bovine serum albumin nanoparticles surface-modified with glycyrrhizin(BSA-NP-GL) targeting to hepatocytes.

METHODSThe bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSA-NP) were prepared by desolvation process. Glycyrrhizin (GL) was oxidized by sodium periodate to be conjugated to surface reactive amino groups (SRAG) of the BSA-NP. The SRAG were quantified by spectrophotometric method using 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid(TNBS). Glycyrrhetinic acid(GA) hydrolyzed from GL, which was on the surface of BSA-NP-GL was assayed by HPLC after isolation by sephadex G-50. Both methods were used to verify the conjugation achieved. HPLC was used to determine surface density of GL on BSA-NP-GL.

RESULTSThe amount of SRAG of the BSA-NP-GL decreased by 19.6% compared with normal BSA-NP. The amount of GL molecule was 9.2% of the total determined SRAG of BSA-NP. The mean diameter of the BSA-NP-GL was 73 nm with round shape. The stability of BSA-NP-GL was constant when it was stored at 25 degrees C and 37 degrees C during 10 days.

CONCLUSIONBSA-NP-GL was successfully prepared, which is considered to establish an experimental foundation for further research on its ability for targeting to hepatocytes.

Cross-Linking Reagents ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; chemistry ; Nanotechnology ; Particle Size ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; ultrastructure ; Surface Properties ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the absorption and separation of different glycoside on different macropore resins.

METHODTake baikal skullcap root, cape jasmine fruit and white peony root as samples and study the different characterstics of absorption and separation of these samples on macropore resins such as D101 and so on.

RESULTThe static absorption effect of the the three aglycones on six different macropore resins is baicalin > lactiflorin > gardoside. Their elution are 75% CH3OH, 25% CH3OH, and 45% CH3OH. Their elution rates are 60%, 93%, and 93%.

CONCLUSIONSimilar molecules may not have similar absorption abilities on same macropore resins, but the effect of absorption has something to do with the structures of the molecules, the more double-bonds the molecules have, the greater the absorption force the resins have.

Absorption ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Jasminum ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Resins, Plant ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; chemistry