ObjectiveTo explore the characteristics of violence behavior of the psychotics in communities. Methods37 psychotics who used to have violence behavior were investigated with Questionnaire of Characteristics and Associated Factor for Violence Behavior of Psychotics in Communities created ourselves. ResultsThe psychotics suffered violence behavior appeared some peculiarities for the time, place, and dealing with tools, etc. Their mental state, course of disease and treatment were associated with their violence behavior. ConclusionThere is some characteristics in most of the violence behavior of the psychotics, which may be helpful for preventing.

P21-activated kinases (PAK) participate in a variety of important cellular activities, such as cytoskeleton remodeling, cell migration, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis or survival. PAK also has an important impact on brain development, neuronal differentiation, and regulation of synaptic plasticity in the nervous system. PAK abnormalities result in diseases including cancer, Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neural retardation. Therefore, it is of vital physiological significance to investigate the neuronal function of PAK. In this paper we review the advancement of research on the neuronal biological function and the underlying mechanisms of PAK.
Alzheimer Disease ; physiopathology ; Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Movement ; Cytoskeleton ; physiology ; Humans ; Nervous System ; enzymology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Neurons ; physiology ; Parkinson Disease ; physiopathology ; p21-Activated Kinases ; physiology

Objective:To evaluate the impression accuracy of different impression methods for flabby ridge.Methods:5 patients with flabby ridge were included.Conventional technique,perforation technique and window opening technique were performed to make im-pressions and then final models were prepared.The optical models of the flabby ridge area were obtained both in patients'mouths and on the master casts by intraoral optical scanner.Data handling and computations were made by using 3D inspection and metrology soft-ware,regarding SD,Mean +and Mean -,with subsequent analysis.Results:The 3D deviation of the models obtained by conventional technique was the biggest,that obtained by window opening technique was the least.Conclusion:Window opening technique can de-crease the deformation of flabby ridge impression.

Aortic Aneurysm ; etiology ; Bacteremia ; complications ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male ; Staphylococcal Infections ; complications

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of pethidine on electrophysiological properties of the isolated ventricular myocytes and the underlying mechanism.

METHODSLangendorff was applied to perfuse rat heart model and whole-cell current clamp and voltage clamp techniques were used.

RESULTSPethidine decreased heart rate (HR) in a concentration dependent manner and caused severe atrioventricular block (AVB) at >or=250 micromol/L. Pethidine reduced action potential amplitude and maximal rate of depolarization, prolonged action potential duration. Pethidine at 100 micromol/L decreased sodium currents (I(Na)), transient outward potassium currents (I(to)), delayed rectifier potassium currents (I(k)) and L-type calcium currents (I(Ca.L)) to (60.7+/-6.9)%, (55.4+/-5.6)%, (65.1+/-8.0)% and (67.4+/-10.1)% of control levels,respectively. These effects could be recovered by washout. Naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, could not abolish the effects of pethidine on ionic currents.

CONCLUSIONPethidine decreased HR and induced AVB, which may be related to the inhibition of I(Na), I(to), I(k) and I(Ca-L) of heart. The depression of cardiac currents is not mediated by opioid receptor.

Action Potentials ; drug effects ; Animals ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiology ; Heart Block ; chemically induced ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; In Vitro Techniques ; Ion Channels ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Male ; Meperidine ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Opioid ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) rs2736098 and rs2736100 and the susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSThis case-control study design included 1300 diagnosed HCC patients with HBsAg positive and 1344 HBsAg positive people as control-group.rs2736098 and rs2736100 on TERT were selected as research sites, whose polymorphisms were detected by TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. The OR values (95%CI) were calculated by logistic regression to compare the correlation between different genotype and susceptibility to HCC.

RESULTSThe distribution frequencies of three genotypes as GG, AG and AA on rs2736098 were separately 39.3% (500/1273), 44.2% (563/1273) and 16.5% (210/1273) in case group; while respectively 39.6% (526/1328), 45.5% (604/1328) and 14.9% (198/1328) in control group. The distribution frequencies of three genotypes as AA, AC and CC on rs2736100 were separately 33.7% (428/1269), 49.9% (633/1269) and 16.4% (208/1269) in case group; while respectively 34.0% (449/1322), 49.2% (651/1322) and 16.8% (222/1322) in control group. The multi-variates logistic regression analysis showed that there was no significant difference between rs2736098 mutated A carriers and genotype GG carriers in the susceptibility to HCC after adjusting by age, sex, smoking and drinking factors (rs2736098, AA + AG vs GG: adjusted OR = 1.00 (95%CI: 0.86 - 1.18)); and there was no significant different between rs2736100 mutated C carriers and genotype AA carriers in the susceptibility to HCC either (AC + CC vs AA: adjusted OR = 1.03 (95%CI: 0.87 - 1.22)).

CONCLUSIONThe polymorphisms of rs2736098 and rs2736100 on TERT may not play a landmark role in susceptibility to HCC among Chinese population.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk Factors ; Telomerase ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects of mannitol and hypertonic saline (HS) in treatment of intracranial hypertension (ICH) of rabbits.

METHODSThe animal mode of ICH was established by perfusing artificial cerebrospinal fluids (aCSF) with controlled pressure into the cerebral ventricles of rabbits. The mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate, tidal volume, perfusion rate of aCSF and water content of cerebrum were investigated in rabbits with ICH after a single bolus of 20% mannitol (5 ml/kg), 7.5% HS (2.2 ml/kg) or 23.4% HS (2.2 ml/kg).

RESULTSAfter the intracranial pressure was elevated from 15 cmH₂O to 75 cmH₂O, the mean arterial pressure was increased and the tidal volume was decreased. After treatment by 20% mannitol, 7.5% HS or 23.4% HS, the increased percentage of mean arterial pressure and the decreased percentage of tidal volume were similar to the changes in control group. However, the perfusion rate of CSF was increased and water content of cerebrum was decreased after treatment by either 20% mannitol or 23.4% HS, but not by 7.5% HS. No different effects were found between 20% mannitol and 23.4% HS.

CONCLUSIONWith the similar osmotic burden, 20% mannitol is more effective in treating ICH than 7.5% HS. With higher osmotic load, the efficacy of HS is enhanced, and 23.4% HS may be used as an alternative to mannitol in treatment of ICH.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Intracranial Hypertension ; drug therapy ; Male ; Mannitol ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Rabbits ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Pelvis ; surgery ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ureteral Obstruction ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures ; methods

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the alterations in calcium metabolism of the vascular smooth muscle of rat thoracic aorta in the late phase of sepsis and to investigate the involvement of nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic-GMP(cGMP) signal transduction pathway in the sepsis-induced vascular hyporeactivity.

METHODSMale Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Eighteen hours post CLP, rat aortic rings were removed for measurement of contractile responses to vasoconstrictors by using organ bath technique.

RESULTIn endothelium intact aortic rings from CLP rats, concentration-contraction curves to phenylephrine (PE) and high KCl were significantly decreased when compared with those from control rats. The transient contraction induced by PE in calcium-free Krebs solution and the concentration-dependent contraction to CaCl(2)in KCl-depolarized medium were also markedly reduced. The hyporeactivity to vasoconstrictors was completely reversed by pretreatment either with aminoguanidine (AMG), a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, or with 1H [1,2,4] oxadiazolo[4,3-a] quininoxalin-1-one(ODQ), an inhibitor of NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase.

CONCLUSIONA generalized impairment in calcium handling in vascular smooth muscle,including the calcium influx through the voltage-operated and receptor-operated channels and calcium release from intracellular calcium stores, is involved in vascular hyporeactivity during the late phase of sepsis. The NO/cGMP signal transduction pathway might be involved in this defect in vascular smooth muscle.

Animals ; Aorta ; metabolism ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cyclic GMP ; physiology ; Homeostasis ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sepsis ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; physiology