OBJECTIVETo detect the expression level of interleukin 17 (IL-17) in the plasma and colonic mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and to explore the synergistic mechanism of qingchang huashi recipe (QHR) combined with Mesalazine.

METHODSRecruited were 24 mild or moderate UC patients of damp-heat inner accumulation syndrome (DHIAS). Their samples of intestinal tissues were histologically graded. They were assigned to the combination group and the Western medicine (WM) group, 12 in each group. Besides, another 12 healthy volunteers were recruited as the healthy control group. QHR combined Mesalazine were given to patients in the combination group, while those in the WM group took Mesalazine. The therapeutic course for all was 3 months. By the end of treatment the expression level of IL-17 in the plasma and colonic mucosa was detected using ELISA. The infiltration of IL-17 in the intestinal mucosal tissue was detected by immunohistochemical SP method.

RESULTSThe expression level of IL-17 in the plasma and colonic mucosa was significantly higher in UC patients than in healthy controls (P <0. 05). The higher the histological grading the higher the expression level. The expression level of IL-17 in plasma and colonic tissues decreased after treatment in the two treatment groups (P < 0.05). Besides, the expression level of IL-17 was lower in the combination group than in the WM group (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONQHR combined Mesalazine could synergically enhance the effect and effectively inhibit intestinal inflammation through down-regulating the expression of IL-17.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors ; metabolism ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Interleukin-17 ; metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Mesalamine ; therapeutic use

To explore the discrimination model of subhealth with statistical method of partial least squares (PLS).

Objective To investigate the effect of the Kolb experience learning theory applied in Surgical Nursing teaching.Methods 120 students were selected randomly and were divided into 2 groups,the observation group operated the teaching mode based on the Kolb experience learning theory,the control group operated traditional teaching.After the experiment,using the theory test,the skill test,the questionnaire survey to evaluate the teaching effectiveness.Results The two groups showed statistical difference in theory exam results,learning effect of each dimension and evaluation of teaching effect.Conclusions The teaching mode based on the Kolb experience learning theory can improve the students' interest in learning and study effect,and push forward the reform of teaching implementatiou.

OBJECTIVEThis paper aimed to determine the mRNA expression of osteoclast-related factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-12 (IL-12) p35, IL-12p40, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATcl), receptor activator of nuclear factor-KB (RANK), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA in murine macrophages infected by a periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acid. Another aim was to investigate the effects of a periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acid on the differentiation of macrophages into osteoclasts.

METHODSInflammatory periodontal tissue samples of chronic periodontitis patients were taken during periodontal flap surgery, and healthy gingival tissue samples were taken from orthodontic patients during tooth extractions. Total RNA from periodontal tissue was extracted and reversely transcribed into cDNA and then cryo-preserved until further use. First, specific sequence oligodeoxynucleotide MT0I at a concentration of 1 µg · mL⁻¹ was added in murine macrophage RAW264.7, and the cells were incubated for 3 hours. Cells with PBS (1 µg · mL⁻¹) were used as negative controls. The inflammatory periodontal tissue cDNA and healthy periodontal tissue cDNA (1 µg · mL⁻¹) was added subsequently. There were four experimental groups: healthy periodontal tissue cDNA+ RAW264.7, inflammatory periodontal tissue cDNA+RAW264.7, MT01+healthy periodontal tissue cDNA+RAW264.7, and MT01+inflammatory periodontal tissue cDNA+RAW264.7. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA expression of osteoclast-related factors IL-6, IL-12p35, IL-12p4O, MMP-9, NFATcl, RANK, and TNF-α mRNA after 3, 6, 12, and 24-hours.

RESULTSThe mRNA levels of osteoclast-related factors NFATc1, MMP-9, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-12p40, IL-12p35, and RANK in RAW264.7 were markedly upregulated with the treatment of periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acid. However, the mRNA expression of osteoclast-related factors was inhibited by use of an immunosuppressant MT01.

CONCLUSIONThe periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acid could promote the differentiation of murine macrophage into osteoclasts.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Gingiva ; Humans ; Interleukin-12 Subunit p40 ; Interleukin-6 ; Macrophages ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; Mice ; Osteoclasts ; metabolism ; Periodontitis ; RNA, Messenger ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

The metabolic characteristics of ligustrazin (TMPz) in liver microsomes were investigated in the present study. The reaction phenotyping of TMPz metabolism was also identified by in vitro assessment using recombinant human cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) and UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGT). TMPz was incubated at 37 degrees C with human (HLM) and rat liver microsomes (RLM) in the presence of different co-factors. The metabolic stability and enzyme kinetics of TMPz were studied by determining its remaining concentrations with a LC-MS/MS method. TMPz was only metabolically eliminated in the microsomes with NADPH or NADPH+UDPGA. In the HLM and RLM with NADPH+UDPGA, t1/2, K(m) and V(max) of TMPz were 94.24 +/- 4.53 and 105.07 +/- 9.44 min, 22.74 +/- 1.89 and 33.09 +/- 2.74 micromol x L(-1), 253.50 +/- 10.06 and 190.40 +/- 8.35 nmol x min(-1) x mg(-1) (protein), respectively. TMPz showed a slightly higher metabolic rate in HLM than that in RLM. Its primary oxidative metabolites, 2-hydroxymethyl-3, 5, 6-trimethylpyrazine (HTMP), could undergo glucuronide conjugation. The CYP reaction phenotyping of TMPz metabolism was identified using a panel of recombinant CYP isoforms (rCYP) and specific CYP inhibitors in HLM. CYP1A2, 2C9 and 3A4 were found to be the major CYP isoforms involved in TMPz metabolism. Their individual contributions were assessed b) using the method of the total normalized rate to be 19.32%, 27.79% and 52.90%, respectively. It was observed that these CYP isoforms mediated the formation of HTMP in rCYP incubation. The UGT reaction phenotyping of HTMP glucuronidation was also investigated preliminarily by using a panel of 6 UGT isoforms (rUGT). UGT1A1, 1A4 and 1A6 were the predominant isoforms mediated the HTMP glucuronidation. The results above indicate that the metabolism of TMPz involves multiple enzymes mediated phase I and phase II reactions.
Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 ; metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 ; metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A ; metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; metabolism ; Drug Interactions ; Glucuronosyltransferase ; metabolism ; Humans ; Ligusticum ; chemistry ; Microsomes, Liver ; enzymology ; NADP ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Pyrazines ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronic Acid ; metabolism ; pharmacology

BACKGROUND: Endothelin and nitrogen monoxide (NO) which are regarded as a pair of factors to maintain equilibrium between vascular stress and hemodynamics have different responses during various diseases. It is the key point for the treatment of atherosclerosis to find out the effect and pathophysiological mechanism of hyperlipemia on endothelial cells, and seek the methods and drugs for protecting vascular endothelin.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of herbal cake-separated moxibustion on contents of plasma endothelin and NO and analyze its regulative mechanism.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: A total of 60 healthy New Zealand white rabbits weighing 1.5-2.5 kg of both genders were selected in this study. Herbal cake was made of danshen, shanzha, yujin, dahuang and zexie, which were crushed into powder according to a certain ratio. Then, vinegar was added to make paste which was 5-8 mm in diameter and 2-3 mm in depth. Moxa cone:(Shenjiu 300) was provided by Suzhou Dongfang Airong Factory (type:Dongfang I; batch number: 20021212).METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Experimental Animal Center of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between November 2003 and October 2004. All rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups: blank control group, hyperlipemia model group, direct moxibustion group and herbal cake-separated moxibustion group with 15 in each group. Except blank control group, rabbits in other three groups were fed with high fat forage to establish hyperlipemia models. Two groups of acupoints were acupunctured alternatively: Group Ⅰ: Juque (CV14), Tianshu (ST25) at bilateral sides, and Fenglong (ST 40) at bilateral sides; Group Ⅱ:Xinshu(BL15),Ganshu(BL18) and Pishu(BL20), at bilateral sides respectively.On the first day, moxa cone was directly adherent to acupoints of rabbits in direct moxibustion group and lighten for acupuncture, but in herbal cakeseparated moxibustion group, moxa cone which was gotten rid of the carriage was adherent to herbal cake which was put on acupoints and lighted for acupuncture. Each acupoint was acupunctured for 4 successive dosages for once a day. On the next day, the other group of acupoints was acupunctured.The course was 40 days. Rabbits in other two groups were not treated with any ways. On the 41st day, contents of plasma endothelin and NO were measured in each group with radio-immunity method and nitrate-reductase reduction method, respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Contents of plasma endothelin and NO of rabbits after 40-day treatment.RESULTS: Five rabbits died because of diarrhoea or other reasons, including 2 in blank control group, 1 in model group, 1 in direct moxibustion group and 1 in herbal cake-separated moxibustion group. Therefore, 55 rabbits were involved in the final analysis. ① Content of plasma endothelin was lower in herbal cake-separated moxibustion group than that in model group [(431.57±63.68), (500.14±75.41) ng/L, P ＜ 0.05], but there was no significant difference between herbal cake-separated moxibustion group and direct moxibustion group [(431.57±63.68), (429.08±77.07) ng/L, P ＞ 0.05]. ② On NO content, there was an increasing tendency of model group ＜ blank group ＜ herbal cake-separated moxibustion group ＜ direct moxibustion, but there was no significant difference between any two groups [(27.17±16.55),(29.39±13.24), (30.24±20.25), (30.47±19.62) μmol/L, P ＞ 0.05].CONCLUSION: Effects of both two methods of moxibustion in the rabbits with hyperlipemia on content of endothelin are significant and similar, but there are no significant effects on NO content.

OBJECTIVEThis aimed to investigate the effect of specific sequence oligodeoxynucleotide MT01 on the biological properties of osteoblasts invaded by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis ) by evaluating proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis.

METHODSMG63 osteoblasts were recovered and incubated with MT01, CpG ODN, metronidazole (MNZ), and gentamicin (GEN) for 3 h. P. gingivalis (the multiplicity of infection was 100:1) was added subsequently and cocultured for another 24 and 48 h. Cells with PBS comprised the blank group, whereas cells with P. gingivalis comprised the negative controls. Six experimental groups were established: PBS group, P. gingivalis group, MT01+P. gingivalis group, CpG ODN+ P. gingivalis group, MNZ+P. gingivalis group, and GEN+P. gingivalis group. The proliferative ability was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, and the percentages of apoptosis and cell cycle were examined by flow cytometry.

RESULTSCompared with the blank group, proliferation increased significantly in the MT01+P. gingivalis group (P < 0.05). The ratio of cells was lower at the G₁ phase and higher at the S phase in the MT01+P. gingivalis group compared with the results in the P. gingivalis group (P < 0.05). Early cell apoptosis in the MT01+P. gingivalis group was significantly lower than that in the P. gingivalis group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMT01 can promote the proliferation, reduce the ratio of the G₁phase, increase the ratio of the S phase, and inhibit the early apoptosis of osteoblasts invaded by P. gingivalis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Division ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Gentamicins ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Metronidazole ; pharmacology ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; pharmacology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; pathogenicity

Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Male ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To investigate the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)treatment on TSG-6 in a rat model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).Methods Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly (random number) divided into sham group,phosphate buffer solution (PBS)-treated group and MSCs-treated group.Animals were subjected to asphyxial cardiac arrest followed by CPR.In PBS-treated group or MSCs-treated group,animals were injected intravenously with PBS or MSCs at 2h after resuscitation.Neurological deficit scores (NDS) were assessed at 1,3 and 7 d after CPR.Serum S-100B was assayed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Immunofluorescence was performed to detect donor MSCs and the expression of TSG-6 in brain.TSG-6 and proinflammatory cytokines in brain were assayed using real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Western blot analysis was performed to measure the levels of neutrophil elastase (NE) in brain.Multiple comparisons were made by analysis of variance.Results At 3d and 7d,MSCs-treated group demonstrated higher NDS than PBS-treated group (P ＜ 0.01),and serum S-100B levels significantly reduced in MSCs-treated group compared with PBS-treated group (P ＜ 0.01).DAPI-labeled MSCs migrated into the ischemic brain and some DAPI + cells colocalized with TSG-6.Compared with PBS-treated group,MSCs treatment significantly up-regulated the expression of TSG-6 and reduced the expression of NE and proinflammatory cytokines in brain at 3 d and 7 d after CPR (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Systemically administered MSCs suppressed inflammatory responses in brain after CPR and improved neurological function in rats possibly via induction of TSG-6.

Elastography can study the soft tissues by quantitative imaging of strain and elastic modulus distributions in soft tissues. For lymphedema, the strain profile of the soft tissues can be observed with the elastography to classify the lymphedema and evaluate the effect of rehabilitation.