The experiment is designed to explore pathological festures and material basis of pseadoanaphylactoid reaction induced by notoginseng total saponin preparation. Mouse pseadoanaphylactoid reaction was used, 50 ICR mice were randomly assigned to control group, positive medicine group, notoginseng total saponin preparation low-dose group, notoginseng total saponin preparation middle-dose group, notoginseng total saponin preparation high-dose group on average. They are treated by intravenous injection of test substance solutions containing 0.4% Evans blue (EB). 30 min later, scores of ear blue staining and quantitation of ear EB exudation were recorded. Another two experiment were repeated in the same way excluding EB, just to. detect the related cytokines in serum using ELISA. We found that the scores of pseudoanaphylactoid reaction in notoginseng total saponin preparation injection middle-dose group and high-dose group was evidently higher than that in control group, suggesting that notoginseng total saponin preparation injection may be can lead to pseadoanaphylactoid reaction. HE staining showed that pseadoanaphylactoid reaction induced by notoginseng total saponin preparation injection is related to inflammation. Histamine, VEGF and TNF-α levels in notoginseng total saponin preparation middle-dose group and high-dose group significantly increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) than control group and showed a dose-dependent manner as well as consistent with the degree of ear blue dye. While IL-6 and IL-10 content did not increase significantly in notoginseng total saponin preparation low-dose group and middle-dose group, but they significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) when it increased to quadrupe clinical concentrations, eight times of the clinical dose. So pseadoanaphylactoid reaction caused by notoginseng total saponin preparation may be related to histamine, VEGF, TNF-α, and it is possible that IL-6 and IL-10 can play a role when pseadoanaphylactoid reaction achieve a certain high degree.
Anaphylaxis ; chemically induced ; Animals ; Capillary Permeability ; drug effects ; Cytokines ; blood ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; etiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Panax notoginseng ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Saponins ; adverse effects

Hairy roots of Cucumis sativus L. could be incited directly from the cut edges of 10-day-old cotyledon explants after infection with the strain Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC15834 harboring agropine-type plasmid, pRiA4b for 5 days. It was observed that the percentage of rooting cotyledon explants was more than 90 % 10 days after infection. Hairy roots could grow rapidly and highly branched on solid plant growth regulator-free MS medium. The PCR amplification of rol B genes and vir C gene showed that T-DNA of Ri plasmid of A. rhizogenes was integrated and expressed into the genome of transformed cucumber hairy roots. A bacterium-free transformed cucumber hairy root line was selected to culture on solid MS medium to examine influence of exogenous cytokinin 6-BA on growth and morphology alteration of cucumber hairy roots. The results showed that cytokinin 6-BA can influence the growth and altered the morphology of hairy roots. With increasing of 6-BA concentrations, Cucumber hairy roots become shorter and thicker and less branched. 6-BA at the concentration of 0.1 to approximately 3.0 mg/L could delay the appearance of maximum growth peak by 5 days and decreased the content of soluble protein, enhanced the activities of SOD and POD and decreased the levels of endogenous ethylene evolution in cucumber hairy roots. Our results also indicated that cytokinin 6-BA in the medium could influence growth and morphology alternation of cucumber hairy roots and delay its senescence of hairy roots by acting through ethylene.
Cucumis sativus ; genetics ; growth & development ; Culture Media ; Culture Techniques ; Cytokinins ; pharmacology ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology ; Plant Roots ; genetics ; growth & development ; Rhizobium ; genetics ; Transfection ; Transformation, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Xueyou Mixture (, XYM) on blood coagulation factors and its safety in treating hemophilia.

METHODSTo the randomly selected 65 inpatients of hemophilia, XYM was administered accompanied with intravenous dripping of liver cell growth factor 60-100 mg once a day to protect the liver, with no blood products like concentrated VIII and FIX factors or blood plasma given. The treatment lasted for 3 weeks. The short-term efficacy and adverse reactions were observed. The long-term efficacy in patients was observed in a follow-up study of 6-12 months after they were discharged from the hospital but continuously took XYM orally.

RESULTSThe short-term markedly effective rate in the patients was 95.38% (62/65). After they were treated for 3 weeks, the level of FVIII factor activity increased in 56 patients of type A from (3.32+/-2.21) % to (4.18+/-2.23) %, and in 9 of type B from (4.92+/-1.81) % to (5.64+/-1.96) %. Compared with that before treatment, the difference was significant in both of them (P<0.01). No obvious adverse reaction was found in the treatment period. The follow-up study showed that in 22 patients of type A, the FVIII factor activity ratio increased from (3.25+/-2.11) % to (6.31+/-2.16) %, (8.36+/-1.05) %, and (16.38+/-2.71) % in the 2nd, 3rd and 6th month after discharge respectively, all showing significant difference to that before treatment (P<0.01); and in 4 patients of type B, it increased from (4.15+/-2.26) % to 7.8% and 11.6% (mean value) in the 2nd and 6th month respectively.

CONCLUSIONXYM could raise the activity of factors VIII and IX in patients with hemophilia, and the degree of the rise is related with the duration of the therapy, with no obvious adverse reaction, which strikes out a new path and new train of thinking for the treatment of the disease by nonblood preparation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Coagulation Factors ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; Hemophilia A ; blood ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged

Special emphasis about cancer metastasis was concentrated on tumor cells themselves, and we usually considered the ability of migration and invasion was the final decider. Recently, bewaring of tumor microenvironment is a fundamental determinant in metastasis has become the most outstanding breakthrough. Considerable "microbes" in the microenvironment are closely linked with tumor metastatic behaviors, and the major proportion of them is tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Actually, TAMs conserve immediate "cross-talk" with cancer cells throughout tumor development. It is generally accepted that TAMs have mostly pro-tumoral functions and play an important role in several stages of tumor progression. This progression involves a series of events that leads from the primary site to the metastatic site, including tumor cell growth, angiogenesis, migration, invasion, intravasation and finally extravasation at distant site where the process begins again (metastasis). Thereby, TAMs has attracted substantial attentions in recent years and could become a promising therapeutic strategy. In this review, we focus on the multi-functions of TAMs in cancer and certain drugs targeting TAMs for cancer treatment those are under experimental research procedures or have even been entered human clinical tests.
Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Macrophages ; metabolism ; Neoplasms ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo observe the differences of therapeutic effect of spastic paralysis after stroke between electroacupuncture and acupuncture and explore the mechanism.

METHODSSixty-four cases were randomly divided into an electroacupuncture group (n = 33) and an acupuncture group (n = 31). Both groups were treated with Bobath facilitation techniques and medicine treatments. Quchi (LI 11), Hegu (LI 4), Yanglingquan (GB 34), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), et al. on the affected side were selected in each group. The needle was retained for 30 min, and the manipulation was applied for 1 min in the acupuncture group, and electroacupuncture was added in the electroacupuncture group. Stroke Impairment Assessment Set (SIAS) was adopted to assess the whole function status after sroke, and the contents of glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in serum and clinical efficacy were observed in the two groups.

RESULTSThe SIAS score increased after treatment as compared with that before treatment in either group (both P < 0.01), and the electroacupuncture group was superior to the acupuncture group (P < 0.01); the content of Glu in blood serum and ratio of Glu/GABA reduced, while the content of GABA in serum increased after treatment as compared with those before treatment in either group (all P < 0.01), but the improvement of above indices were much more apparently in the electroacupuncture group as compared with those in the acupuncture group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05); the total effective rate of 90.9% (30/33) in the electroacupuncture group was superior to that of 83.9% (26/31) in the acupuncture group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture can improve therapeutic effect of spastic paralysis after stroke, it's mechanism may be ralated to ajusting the contents of Glu and GABA in serum.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Electroacupuncture ; Glutamic Acid ; blood ; Muscle Spasticity ; Paralysis ; blood ; therapy ; Stroke ; blood ; therapy ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; blood

Objective:To explore the clinical effect and application value of simultaneous modulated accelerated radiotherapy (SMART) in the suspicious positive lymph nodes of head and neck.Methods:From January 2017 to February 2019, 60 patients with suspected positive lymph nodes in the head and neck in the Hanzhong Central Hospital of Shaanxi Province were divided into experimental group and control group according to different treatment plans, and 30 patients in each group were included. In the experimental group, 63.36 to 66.66 Gy patients were treated with SMART, while in the control group, 54.12 to 60.06 Gy patients were treated with conventional neck prophylactic radiation. In order to evaluate the feasibility of the method, the change of the short diameter of the largest cross section of the suspicious positive lymph nodes in the two groups were observed, and the adverse reactions in the treatment of the two groups were analyzed.Results:There was no significant difference between the two groups before treatment ( P>0.05). After treatment, the size of short diameter of lymph nodes in the two groups was smaller than that before treatment. The maximum short diameter of the largest cross section of lymph nodes in the experimental group was smaller than that before treatment: (0.43 ± 0.07) cm vs. (0.72 ± 0.10) cm, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). In the control group, the maximum short diameter of the largest cross section of lymph node decreased after treatment, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). After treatment, the reduction of the short diameter in the experimental group was more obvious than that in the control group. The maximum short diameter of the largest cross section between the two groups: (0.43±0.07) cm vs. (0.66±0.08)cm was statistically significant ( t = 11.523, P<0.05). Before treatment, hemoglobin (HGB) levels of the two groups were in the normal physiological range, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05); the white blood cell (WBC) levels of the two groups at different time after treatment were compared: in the first week (7.83 ± 2.53) × 10 9/L vs. (8.26 ± 3.16) × 10 9/L, in the third week (7.14 ± 3.65) × 10 9/L vs. (7.08 ± 2.53) × 10 9/L, in the fifth week (5.47 ± 2.81) × 10 9/L vs. (6.41 ± 2.57) × 10 9/L, and in the seventh week (4.36 ± 2.59) × 10 9/L vs. (4.98 ± 1.64) × 10 9/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05), which indicated that the WBC index levels of the two groups were gradually decreased during the treatment, and the decreased degree of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. The levels of HGB and PLT were maintained in the normal physiological range before and after treatment, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). The main complications in the treatment of the experimental group were xerostomia and stomatitis. The adverse reactions in the control group were pain in the target area of radiotherapy. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The application of IMRT is an effective method for the treatment of occult lymph node metastasis, and it is also a therapeutic diagnostic method, which can provide evidence for the study of the law of lymph node metastasis in the head and neck. The safety and tissue tolerance of IMRT in the treatment of suspicious positive lymph nodes in the head and neck are good, which can be used for the suspicious lymph nodes in the head and neck. The treatment of positive lymph nodes and the evaluation of patients′ prognosis provide an effective way of clinical treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the correlation between the expression of galectin-7 and S100A9 with the development of cervical squamous carcinoma. METHODS: Immunohistochemical SP staining was used to detect the expression of galectin-7 and S100A9 in 243 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or cervical squamous carcinoma. The association of clinical data with galectin-7 and S100A9 expression was examined. RESULTS: The expression of galectin-7 and S100A9 in CIN and cervical squamous carcinoma was significantly different (P<0.05). The positive rates of galectin-7 in normal cervical tissues, CIN I, CIN II, CIN III, and cervical squamous carcinoma were 56.7%, 41.9%, 32.0%, 27.3%, and 25.0%, respectively. Statistic analysis found significant difference between the normal cervical tissues and cervical squamous carcinoma (P<0.0045). The positive rates of S100A9 in CIN I, CIN II, CIN III, and cervical squamous carcinoma were 80.0%, 77.4%, 48.0%, 27.3%, and 20.2%. Statistic analysis showed significant difference between the normal tissues and CIN III, the normal cervical tissues and cervical squamous carcinoma, CIN I and CIN III, CIN I and cervical squamous carcinoma, CIN II and cervical squamous carcinoma (P<0.0045). A positive correlation was found between galectin-7 and S100A9 expression in CIN and cervical squamous carcinoma (rs=0.298, P<0.001). Expressions of both galectin-7 and S100A9 in cervical squamous carcinoma were associated with the clinical stage and lymph nodes (P<0.05), but not with patient's age and degree of differentiation (P>0.05). Expression of galectin-7 was associated with the survival rate of patients with cervical squamous carcinoma (P<0.05). Univariate analysis of Cox proportional hazards regression model revealed that the FIGO stage, lymph nodes metastasis, and the expression of galectin-7 were relevant to the 5 year survival rate of patients with cervical squamous carcinoma, which was confirmed by multiple analysis of Cox proportional hazards regression model. CONCLUSION Expression of galectin-7 and S100A9 is related with cervical the tumorigenesis of carcinoma, clinical stage, and lymph nodes of cervical squamous carcinoma. Galectin-7 is probably associated with the prognosis. The long-term survival of patients with cervical carcinoma may be associated with FIGO stage, lymph node metastasis, and the expression of galectin-7.
Calgranulin B ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; metabolism ; Female ; Galectins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Survival Rate ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1), and lymphocyte-activation gene 3(LAG-3) in different subsets of lymphocytes and their relationship with the immunologic imbalance in preeclampsia.Methods:We enrolled 25 cases of singleton pregnant women with preeclampsia who were delivered by cesarean section in the Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from May 2019 to January 2020 as the preeclampsia group. According to the allocation ratio of 1∶1 matched for the date of cesarean section and pregnancy week at delivery, another 25 healthy singleton pregnant women underwent elective cesarean section were selected as the normal group. The decidua tissue was obtained during cesarean section. The expression levels of PD-1, PD-L1, and LAG-3 on decidual T cells, natural killer (NK), and natural killer T (NKT) cells were measured by flow cytometry and compared between the two groups using two independent samples- t test. Results:(1) The expression of PD-1 on decidual T cells and NK cells of the preeclampsia group were lower than those of the normal group (37.84±3.82 vs 57.02±3.89, t=3.529, P<0.001; 3.28±0.48 vs 5.69±0.99, t=2.184, P=0.034), but did not differ significantly in the expression on decidual NKT cells ( P=0.461). PD-L1 expression on decidual NK cells of preeclampsia group was lower than that of the normal group (0.60±0.11 vs 1.32±0.19, t=3.319, P=0.002), but showed no significant difference in the expression level on T cells and NKT cells (both P>0.05). The preeclampsia group was noted for a lower expression of LAG-3 on decidual T cells and NKT cells compared with the normal group (2.32±0.36 vs 4.09±0.67, t=2.335, P=0.024; 35.40±4.97 vs 56.27±4.49, t=3.282, P=0.002), while showed no significant difference in the expression level of NK cells ( P=0.112). Conclusions:The decreased expression of PD-1, PD-L1, and LAG-3 in the decidual lymphocyte subsets may be involved in the immunologic imbalance of preeclampsia through the over-activation of immunocytes at the maternal-fetal interface.

OBJECTIVETo clarify the anatomical relationship of the structures in the first toe webbing space for better dissection of toes in thumb reconstruction.

METHODSThe first dorsal metatarsal artery, the first deep transverse metatarsal ligament and the extensor expansion were observed on 42 adult cadaveric lower extremities. Clinically the method of tracing the first dorsal metatarsal artery around the space of the extensor expansion was used in 36 cases of thumb reconstruction.

RESULTSThe distal segments of the first dorsal metatarsal artery of Gilbert types I and II were located superficially to the extensor expansion. The harvesting time of a toe was shortened from 90 minutes to 50 minutes with 100% survival of reconstructed fingers.

CONCLUSIONSThe distal segment of the first dorsal metatarsal artery lies constantly at the superficial layer of the extensor expansion. Most of the first metatarsal arteries of Gilbert types I and II can be easily located via the combined sequential and reverse dissection around the space of the extensor expansion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Dissection ; Finger Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Metatarsus ; anatomy & histology ; blood supply ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Thumb ; injuries ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect and mechanism of iron on the vasodilating effect of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in the isolated aortic ring.

METHODSIsometric tension was recorded in response to drugs in organ bath. Ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) was added to the bath 30 min before phenylephrine (1 micromol/L), which was followed by IL-2 in a cumulative fashion. Spectrophotometry was used to determine the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) of the thoracic aorta.

RESULTSFAC (0.1 - 10 micromol/L) alone did not affect the tension of rings,but inhibited the vasodilating effect of IL-2 (1 - 1,000 U/ml) in a dose dependent manner. IL-2(1, 10, 100, 1000 U/ml) decreased the aortic tension to (78.47+/-4.31)%, (66.86+/-5.55)%, (52.62+/-4.51)% and (42.39+/-4.27)% of pre-drug control, respectively. However, after incubation with 10 micromol/L FAC in the presence of IL-2, the aortic tension was reduced to (89.81+/-1.94)%, (86.13+/-3.11)%, (77.16+/-5.66)% and (68.76+/-5.69)% of pre-drug control, respectively. Pretreatment with L-arginine (1 mmol/L) abolished the inhibitory effect of FAC. Pretreatment with FAC attenuated the increased activity of NOS induced by IL-2 from (22.10+/-1.87)U/mg prot to (15.71+/-0.89)U/mg prot. High Ca(2+) (2.5 mmol/L) incubation did not change the inhibitory effect of FAC. Pretreatment with FAC attenuated the increased caffeine-releasable pool of Ca(2+) by IL-2. High K(+) (10 mmol/L) incubation abolished the inhibitory effect of FAC.

CONCLUSIONFAC inhibits the vasodilating effect of IL-2 in the isolated aortic ring,which may be mediated by decreasing the activity of NOS. Intracellular calcium release and inward rectifier potassium channel are involved in the inhibitory effect of FAC.

Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic ; drug effects ; physiology ; Arginine ; pharmacology ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Ferric Compounds ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Interleukin-2 ; pharmacology ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Potassium ; pharmacology ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vasodilator Agents ; pharmacology