AIM: To observe effect of the iris location to femtosecond - combined wavefront guided LASIK for myopia and astigmatism.?METHODS:The patients with astigmatism >1. 0D during the same time and followed up for 1a were selected. A total of 129 eyes in 67 patients were treated under iris location with femtosecond-combined wavefront guided LASIK ( experimental group) and 161 eyes in 82 cases with femtosecond-combined wavefront guided LASIK ( control group) . Laser cutting went with the same laser machine. The uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) , best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) , and wavefront aberration between the two groups were compared at 1, 3, 6mo and 1a after surgery.?RESULTS:At 1 and 3mo after surgery, the number of patients with better postoperative UCVA than preoperative BCVA between the two group showed a statistically significant difference (χ2=6. 423, P=0. 011,χ2=14. 431, P=0. 01 ); at 1d and 1mo after surgery, the residual astigmatism showed a statistically significant difference between two groups (t=1. 98, P<0. 05; t=2. 23, P<0. 05). At 3, 6mo and 1a after surgery, the differences on the change of residual astigmatism between the two groups weren’t significant ( P > 0. 05 ). At 6mo and 1a after surgery, the differences on UCVA between the two groups weren’t significant ( P > 0. 05 ). Until 1a after surgery, the root mean square ( RMS ) of high order wavefront aberration of the two groups, spherical aberration and coma aberration ( COMA ) were all enhanced compared to before surgery(P<0. 05). At 1, 3mo after surgery, the RMS showed a statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0. 05). At 1, 3, 6mo, 1a after surgery, the increase of COMA in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0. 05).? CONCLUSION: Iris location technology applied in femtosecond - combined wavefront guided LASIK for myopia and astigmatism, can make the vision recovery faster, the RMS of high order and COMA increase less, the residual astigmatism less, show better and more stable treatment effect.

AIM:To contrast analysis of postoperative variation of corneal posterior surface heights after Femtosecond LASlK ( FS - LASlK ) and small incision lenticule extraction ( SMlLE) for high myopia.
●METHODS: Sixty-seven cases of high myopic patients (132 eyes) operated with laser corneal refractive in our hospital from May to Dec. in 2015 (-6. 00D≤spherical equivalent degree≤-10. 00D) were selected and divided into FS-LASlK group and SMlLE group. The thickness of corneal flaps at FS-LASlK and the thickness of map at SMlLE were designed to be 110μm. Corneal posterior surface heights were examined by Pentacam at preoperation, postoperative 3 and 6mo after FS-LASlK and SMlLE operation. Surface height changes after preoperative, postoperative 3 and 6mo were compared by measuring Pentacam corneal analysis system.
●RESULTS: Six months after operation, the FS-LASlK posterior corneal surface height was 6. 47 ± 1. 65mm, significantly higher than 5. 20 ± 1. 32mm before operation. SMlLE posterior corneal surface height was 6. 40 ± 1. 33mm, significantly higher than 5. 18 ± 1. 25mm before operation, the differences were statistically significant( P<0. 05). Six month after surgery, two methods of corneal surface height variation obtained was 1. 29 ± 1. 28mm and 1. 22 ± 0. 89mm, there was no significant difference ( P>0. 05).
●CONCLUSION:After FS-LASlK and SMlLE, the corneal posterior surface is protrusive. FS - LASlK is slightly obvious than SMlLE in early period. The stability of the posterior surface is better after SMlLE.

In order to meet the requirements of cultivating the practical abilities and creativities of students who receive higher education, we initiated the reformation of education in the microbiology experiment teaching methods, implementing a system for module-based education, carefully monitoring every link in teaching, combining the encouragement and strict requirements together, adopting a proper way of assessment. It is proven that the implementation of the educational reformation mobilizes the interests of students and enhances the comprehensive qualities of students, which accomplishes the purposes of teaching.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE; survivin, a member of inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) gene family, expresses in various human cancer tissues, and may facilitate tumor cell evasion from apoptosis, and promote aberrant mitotic progression. This study was to investigate cell proliferation and apoptosis status of human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 after knockdown of survivin. METHODS; Small interfering RNA was transfected into MCF-7 cells to inhibit expression of survivin. mRNA and protein levels of survivin were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. Proliferation inhibition rate of MCF-7 cells was analyzed by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS; The expression of survivin in siRNA-transfected group decreased by 64% in comparison to untransfected group. After treatment of different concentrations of siRNA, proliferation inhibition rate and apoptosis rate of MCF-7 cells were increased. The highest proliferation inhibition rate was 60.9%, and the highest apoptosis rate was 29.0% after treatment of 200 nmol/L of siRNA. CONCLUSION; survivin siRNA might be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of breast carcinoma.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibitory effects of bcl-xl antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ASODN) on growth and gene expression of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in nude mice.

METHODSCNE-2Z cell line was implanted subcutaneously into nude mice. Twenty four h after implantation, bcl-xl ASODN and mismatch control oligonucleotides (SCODN) were injected subcutaneously into nude mice, respectively. The tumor volume and weight were measured twice weekly. The histopathological changes of the tumors were observed by HE staining. RT-PCR and Western-blot were performed for bcl-xl gene expression.

RESULTSGrowth of NPC was significantly inhibited in the ASODN therapy group as compared with that in the control group (P < 0.01). The growth inhibitory rate was 41.7% in the ASODN group and 19.0% in the SCODN group. The expression level of bcl-xl mRNA and protein was decreased in the ASODN group, whereas in the SCODN group there was no significant difference in contrast with saline-treated control group.

CONCLUSIONOur findings suggest that bcl-xl antisense oligodeoxynucleotides results in marked inhibition of NPC growth in nude mice. It may be a novel treatment approach for human nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; therapeutic use ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; bcl-X Protein

OBJECTIVETo study the genotoxicity of components of diesel engine exhausts with ethanol-diesel blending fuel. To provide scientific arguments to find more economical and less polluted fuels.

METHODSAmes test, comet assay and GC-MS technique were used to test the genotoxicity and 16 kinds of PAHs on diesel engine exhausts with different proportions of ethanol (E0, E5, E10, E20).

RESULTSBoth Ames test and comet assay were positive. It shows that diesel engine exhausts can lead to mutation and DNA damage, especially in pure diesel oil. But the content of 16 kinds of PAHs and DNA damage level decreased in exhausts of E5. With the increase of ethanol proportion in diesel oil, the content of 16 kinds of PAHs and DNA damage level increased.

CONCLUSIONCompared with pure diesel oil and high proportion of ethanol fuel, E5 can reduce the genotoxicity and the brake specific exhausts of PAHs.

Air Pollutants ; toxicity ; Air Pollution ; Carbon Monoxide ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; Ethanol ; toxicity ; Gasoline ; toxicity ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Particulate Matter ; Vehicle Emissions ; toxicity

Objective To explore the effects of transplantated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on myocardial fibrosis with the aid of ultrasound-mediated microbubbles (MB) and bispecific antibody(BiAb) combination.Methods With the aid of MB,isolated MSCs from male mice and the BiAb were transfused into female mice with isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis via tail vein (MSCs + BiAb + MB group).BiAb was producted with anti-CD29 which can recognize MSCs and anti-myosin light chain antibody (AMLCA) which can specifically bind to injured myocardium.There were six groups investigated:MSC + BiAb + MB,MSC,BiAb,MB,MSC + BiAb,untreated,and control groups.Five weeks after treatment administration,the expressions of sex-determining region of Y-chromosome (SRY) in myocardium were detected by fluorescent quantitative PCR.The distribution of collagen was observed by sirius red staining.Heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) in myocardium was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The highest homing number of MSCs was in the MSCs + BiAb + MB group,MSCs + BiAb group ranked the second,and lowest in MSCs group.Compared to the untreated group,the MSCs + BiAb + MB,MSCs + BiAb and MSCs groups had less collagen deposition (P ＜0.05),and decreased level of HSP-70.Compared to those of the MSCs group,the collagen deposition were decreased in MSCs + BiAb + MB group (P ＜0.05).Conclusions MB and BiAb can promote the homing number of MSCs in mice.MB can further the homing rate and the repairing efficacy of MSCs.The homing MSCs can prevent the process of myocardial fibrosis.And HSP-70 was involved in the internal mechanism.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Recent studies showed overexpression of bcl-xL in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell line CNE-2Z; it may play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance of NPC. This study was to explore inducing effect of bcl-xL short hairpin RNA (shRNA) on apoptosis of CNE-2Z cells. METHODS: After transfection of recombinant plasmid pmU6-RNAi expressing bcl-xL shRNA,apoptotic CNE-2Z cells were detected by fluorescent staining and flow cytometry (FCM). mRNA levels of bcl-xL, bcl-2, survivin, and caspase-3 was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); while protein levels of Bcl-xL, Caspase-3, and P53 were detected by Western blot.RESULTS: When treated with pmU6-RNAi for 24 h, an obvious apoptotic peak of CNE-2Z cells appeared; cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation were observed in most cells under fluorescent microscope. RT-PCR analysis showed that pmU6-RNAi down-regulated mRNA levels of bcl-xL, bcl-2, and caspase-3, but had little or no effect on mRNA level of survivin; Western blot analysis showed an obvious reduction in protein levels of Bcl-xL and Caspase-3, and a great increase in protein level of P53.CONCLUSIONS: bcl-xL shRNA can induce apoptosis of CNE-2Z cells, which may be closely related to down-regulation of bcl-2, caspase-3 and p53. bclxL shRNA may be helpful for developing gene therapy for NPC.

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect of moxibustion and exercise comprehensive scheme intervention for children with short stature of deficience of the kidney essence.

METHODSTwenty four cases of children in 12 to 14 years old were selected, 12 male and 12 female, they were treated with comprehensive therapy of exercise therapy and moxibustion. Running and jumping were selected as main exercise therapy, it became a suitable exercise amount when the heart rate reach to 150 to 170 times per minute, thrice each week, 35 to 45 minutes each time. After exercises they were treated with moxibustion, Qihai (CV 6), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Dazhu (BL 11), Xuanzhong (GB 39), Geshu (BL 17) etc. were selected. After treatment for half a year, the changes of the body height, body weight, bone age(BA), growth hormone (GH), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) were compared before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe body height and bone age of the boys and girls were significantly higher than those before treatment (all P<0.05), the growth of body height was more than 4 cm, the growth of bone age was more than 0.5 years old in half a year; the testosterone of all children was significantly increased (all P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in body weight, GH and E2 compared to those before treatment (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONMoxbustion and exercise comprehensive scheme can effectively improve the children with short stature of deficience of the kidney essence, the mechanism is related to the improving of the testosterone level.

Adolescent ; Body Height ; Child ; Estradiol ; metabolism ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Growth Disorders ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Human Growth Hormone ; metabolism ; Humans ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Male ; Moxibustion ; Testosterone ; metabolism ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVEto investigate pathological changes and mRNA expression of apoptosis genes bcl-2, bax and Caspase-3 in rat kidney tissue after rats are administrated with melamine for 28 days.

METHODS10 male SD rats and 10 female SD rats in each group were administrated with three doses of melamine (low dose, middle dose, high dose) by gavage for 28 days. The animals were divided into three experimental groups and one control group. The doses for male rats were 200, 400, 800 mg/kg, but for female rats they were 150, 300, 600 mg/kg. After melamine treatment the animals were sacrificed and the kidneys were taken out for pathological analysis and for detecting mRNA expression of bcl-2, bax and Caspase-3 with fluorescent quantitative PCR assay.

RESULTSthe tubular cylinders were observed in three experimental groups. The positive rates of tubular cylinders in three groups (from low dose to high dose) were 11/20, 13/20, 16/20, respectively. Additionally, melamine induced a significant decrease in mRNA expression of bcl-2 at low dose, middle dose or high dose, bcl-2 expression decreased by 20.58% - 49.51% in three groups treated with melamine. Furthermore, bax mRNA levels increased by 44.66% - 300.96% in groups treated with three doses of melamine, and Caspase-3 mRNA levels increased by 64.76% - 360.75% in groups treated with three doses of melamine.

CONCLUSIONSmelamine could induce pathological changes of rat kidneys, and it also induces a significant alteration of apoptosis Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 mRNA expression in rat kidney tissue.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Kidney Tubules ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Triazines ; toxicity ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; genetics ; metabolism