Vitamin D deficiency is common among the elderly,which may be an important pathogenic factor in Alzheimer's disease(AD).Vitamin D has multiple functions including immune regulation,anti-oxidation,regulation of neurotrophic factors/acetylcholine neurotransmitters,and clearance of amyloid beta peptide; meanwhile,it may be helpful to avoid hyperparathyroidism.Vitamin D supplementation among the elderly may prevent the loss of neurons and slow down the AD-related cognitive decline,and therefore may play a role in the multi-targeted therapies for AD.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid on bleeding in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods A retrospective study was performed in 197 RA patients (Steinbrock?er III-IV) following primary unilateral THA from June 2012 to June 2014. The patients were divided to three groups based on the regimen of tranexamic acid:68 patients received a single intravenous dosage of 15 mg/kg tranexamic acid 20 min prior to opera?tion (single dose group);74 patients received an intravenous dosage of 15 mg/kg preoperatively and a second dosage of 10 mg/kg 3 hours postoperatively (repeated dose group);the other 55 patients didn't receive tranexamic acid (control group). The primary out?comes were total blood loss, transfusion rate, the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). The sec?ondary outcomes were postoperative drainage, hemoglobin (Hb) drop on third day postoperatively and other wound related compli?cations. Results There was less total blood loss (816.80 ± 245.09 ml vs 975.15 ± 216.33 ml vs 1 295.68 ± 263.85 ml), drainage (221.60 ± 70.05 ml vs 337.20 ± 113.10 ml vs 479.74 ± 120.66 ml), transfusion requirement (5.41%vs 10.29%vs 25.45%) and Hb drop (2.71±0.74 g/dl vs 3.18±0.62 g/dl vs 3.83±0.70 g/dl) in experimental group when compared with control group. And the effect was better in repeated dose group, with less total blood loss (816.80 ± 245.09 ml), less transfusion requirement (5.41%) and less postoperative drainage (221.60±70.05 ml). No episode of DVT or PE occurred in either group. There were 8 wound complications in single dose group, 6 in repeated group, and 8 in control group, and there were no statistically difference. Conclusion Intrave?nous administration of tranexamic acid was effective and safe on decreasing blood loss and transfusion requirement in RA patients following THA. Compared with a single dosage of tranexamic acid preoperatively, a second dosage of tranexamic acid 3 hours post?operatively was recommended.

Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Toluene ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Workplace

To investigate the metabolic rate and metabolites of 9-dehydro-17-dehydro-andrographolide, which is the main active ingredient in Xiyanping injection, by using the in vitro rat liver microsome incubation system. 9-dehydro-17-dehydro-andrographolide was incubated together with liver microsome mixed with NADPH. Its metabolic rate was studied by determining its residual concentrations with the UHPLC-MS/MS method; Its metabolites were identified by the UPLC-TOF-MS(E) method. The results showed that 9-dehydro-17-dehydro-andrographolide was metabolized faster than rat liver microsomes mixed with coenzymes, with t½ and CL of (19.7 ± 0.5) min and (35.1 ± 0.8) mL x min(-1) x g(-1) (protein), respectively. Based on the high resolution mass spectrum data and information from literatures, altogether nine metabolites of 9-dehydro-17-dehydro-andrographolide were identified in the incubation system, particularly hydroxylated and dehydrogenized products. The results of identification would provide a basis for screening out more active andrographolide derivatives.
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Diterpenes ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Microsomes, Liver ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Molecular Structure ; Rats ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Objective To investigate the diagnostic significance of thin layer reconstruction with spiral CT on the pulmonary hamartoma. Methods Accepted both routine CT examination and thin layer construction,2 1 pulmonary hamartoma cases confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively.The margin and inner features of the lesions were observed and recorded.Significant analysis was performed by using SPSS17.0 Pearson chi-square test and Fisher exact test,with P<0.05 as the significant difference criterion.Results Comparison of the display rates by routine CT and thin layer reconstruction:①the same display rate of lobulation were 57.1%(12/21);②the same display rate of calcification were 42.9% (9/21);③the display rates of fat density were 14.3%(3/21)by routine CT and 42.9% (9/21)by thin layer reconstruction.The difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.200,P<0.05);④the display rates of blood vessel throughing were 14.3%(3/21)by routine CT and 47.6% (10/21)by thin layer reconstruction.The difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.459,P<0.05).Conclusion Displaying the inner features of pulmonary hamartoma better than routine CT,the thin layer reconstruction can improve the diagnostic accuracy significantly.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of biofeedback therapy on constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-C).Methods 30 patients with IBS-C were given to biofeedback therapy,5 times every treatment course.and then their clinical symptoms,mental state and quality of life before the treatment and at the end of treatment with biofeedback therapy were respectively evaluated by symptom scores,self-rating anxiety scale (SAS),self-rating depression scale (SDS),and short form 36 health survey questionnaire (SF-36).Results Post-treatment with biofeedback therapy,there were very significant decrease in total and subscales scores of bowel symptom including abdominal pain/discomfort,abdominal distension,abnormal appearance of defecation,abnormal process of defecation((12.31±2.01) vs (19.16±2.17),(2.95±0.57) vs (5.04±1.04),(2.64±0.92) vs (4.25±1.09),(3.66±1.09) vs (5.10±0.57),(3.06±1.08) vs (4.77±0.95) respectively,P＜0.01).The integration of SAS and SDS were obviously decreased after treatment((39.53±6.39) vs (44.43±7.89),P＜0.05;(40.70±8.38) vs (46.46±8.74),P＜0.05),the SF-36 scores were also improved in five dimensions including rolephysical,social-functioning,vitality,role-emotional and mental health((74.16±21.25) vs (57.0±39.40),(86.21±13.54) vs (75.54±20.96),(75.16±13.42) vs (64.66±20.54),(78.87±28.36) vs (57.76±46.26),(81.60±16.08) vs (71.20±22.04) respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusion Biofeedback therapy can improve the clinical symptoms,alleviate the moods of anxiety and depression,and improve the quality of life in patients with IBS-C.

Objective To investigate the effect of the overexpression of NeuroD1 on mediating transdifferentiation of spinal reactive astrocytes into neurons. Methods Spinal cord astrocytes were cultured from the SD rat, and reactive astrocytes were prepared by scratches treatment. Cells were divided into blank groups (NV group), control virus group (GFP group) and NeuroD1 virus group (NeuroD1 group). At 7 d after scratches treatment, GFP and NeuroD1 groups were infected with retroviruses carrying the GFP gene and and GFP gene plus NeuroD1 gene, respectively,whereas NV group was not infected with the virus. Twenty-four hours late, the culture medium were replaced by neuron conditioned medi?um. Cell morphology was examined at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 14 d. DCX positive and NeuN positive cells were detected at 7 d and 14 d after infection by using immunofluorescence staining method, respectively. Results After replacement with the neuron conditioned medium, the nucleus was obviously plump, the cytoplasm was thin and neurites was reduced and ex?tended. Compared with the NeuroD1 group, neurites of NV group and GFP group were shorter with many branches and the nucleus was smaller. At 7 d after infection, cell morphology of NV group and GFP group gradually recovered, but cell morphology of NeuroD1 group did not. Compared with NV group and GFP group, NeuroD1 group had more DCX(9.84 ± 2.06%)and NeuN(8.25±2.78%)positive cells [F values 40.107 for DCX and 21.73 for NeuN (P<0.05)]. Conclusion The overexpression of NeuroD1 can mediate the transdifferentiation of spinal reactive astrocytes into neurons.

Objective:To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire 6.0 (EDE-Q 6.0) in female patients with eating disorders.Methods:A total of 239 patients with eating disorder and 142 healthy controls who were recruited consented to participate in the study and completed Chinese EDE-Q 6.0.Confirmatory factor analysis was used in patients to compare the original 4-factor model,1-factor model and 3-factor model.The criterion validity was tested with the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI).Mann-Whitney U analysis was used to compare the differences of EDE-Q 6.0 scores on the two samples to test the empirical validity,and ROC analysis was used to determine the cut-off value.The internal consistency of the scale was tested in two samples.Among all participants,89 patients and 31 healthy controls were retested 1 month later.Results:The original 4-factor model fit better than the other two.The EDE-Q 6.0 total score and the EDI total score had a high consistency in the total sample,patients and controls,respectively (ICC =0.88,0.87,0.73).Patients had higher scores on the EDE-Q 6.0 than controls (Ps ＜0.01).The mean area under the curve (AUC) of EDE-Q 6.0 was 0.91,the optimal cut-off point of EDE-Q 6.0 was total score ≥ 1.27,sensitivity and specificity were 79.4％ and 88.2％ respectively.The Cronbach α coefficients were 0.95,0.91,and 0.88 for the total sample,patients and controls respectively.The test-retest reliabilities were 0.73 for the total scale,0.58,0.68,0.69 and 0.71 for the 4 factors.Conclusion:The Chinese version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire 6.0 have good psychometric properties and diagnosis accuracy,and it could be used to assess the severity of clinical symptoms.

The aim of this review is to realize the significance of physical activity for colorectal cancer survivors, collect the common tools to assess colorectal cancer patients' physical activity, understand the current status and its influencing factors of colorectal cancer patients' physical activity as a reference to Chinese relevant research and provide a basis for carrying out medical or nursing intervention.

This study is to establish the HPLC fingerprint and determine eight components of Callicarpa nudiflora, and provide a scientific basis for the identification and quality control. The Waters sunfire C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 µm) was used and the detection wavelength was 330 nm . The column temperature was 30 °C. The mobile phases were acetonitrile (A) and 0.1% formic acid (B) eluting in a gradient program at a flow rate of 1.0 mL · min(-1). The chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system for tradition Chinese medicine(2012) was used for analysis. C. nudiflora from different samples were of high similarity in fingerprint and the separation of ten components was good. There was an obvious difference between other samples and C. nudiflora leaves. In quantitative analysis, the ten components showed good regression(R2 > 0 999 0) with linear ranges, and their recoveries were in the range of 96.0%-105.0%. The established qualitative and quantitative methods are highly specific, simple and accurate, which can be used for the identification and quality control of C. nudiflora.
Callicarpa ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry