Female ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; Infant, Newborn ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; pathology ; Polyps ; pathology

Objective To investigate the time-dependent changes in glutamate (Glu) and 7-aminobutyric acid ( GABA) release in the rostral ventromedial medulla in a rat model of incisional pain. Methods Healthy male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were used in this study. Twelve rats in which microdialysis cannulae were implanted in the right rostral ventromedial medulla without neurological deficits were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 6 each): group A control and group B incisional pain. In group B an 1 cm long incision was made in the plantar surface of right hindpaw under 1.2% isoflurane anesthesia which was maintained for 5 min. Samples of dialysate were collected before incision (T_0 baseline) and at 3 h, 1 d, 2 d and 3 d after incision was made (T_(1-4)) in both groups for determination of Clu and GABA concentrations (by HPLC). Results In group B Glu and GABA concentrations in the dialysate were significantly increased at 1 d (T_2) and 3 h-3 d (T_(1-4)) respectively as compared with the baseline value at T_0 and were significantly higher than those in group A (control group). Conclusion Incisional pain increases the release of Glu and GABA in the rostral ventromedial medulla which might influence the function of descending pain modulation pathway.

Effect of ginsenoside total saponin (GTS) on the regulation of P450 of livers of rats after γ-ray irradiation was studied. Rats were irradiated by the ⁶⁰Coγ-ray for one-time dose of 5.5 Gy, dose rate of 117.1-119.2 cGy. The cocktail probe, qPCR and Western blot were used to detect expression of enzymatic activites, mRNA and protein of rats. Contrasted with blank group, expression of CYP1A2, 2B1, 2E1, 3A4 of irradiation group showed a up-regulated (P < 0.05). Contrasted with irradiation group, exprression of CYP1A2, 2B1, 2E1, 3A4 of GTS group showed a downward trend. GTS had negative agonistic action against expression of P450 of rats by irradiatied.
Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gamma Rays ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; radiation effects ; Male ; Microsomes, Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Panax ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To assess the changes in heart geometry and function during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Methods Thirty ASAⅡorⅢpatients(24 males,6 females)aged 50-78 undergoing elective off-pump CABG were studied.After induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation a catheter which was connected to the monitor measuring continuous cardiac output(CCO),mixed venous blood oxygen saturation(S(?)O_2)and CEDV was placed via right internal jugular vein and the probe of multi-phase transesophageal echocardiograph(TEE)(Sonos HP 2500)was inserted in the esophagus.The distance between the probe and the incisors was between 34-45 cm.The hemodynamic variables and TEE parameters were recorded when epicardium was opened(T_1,baseline)when the octopus tissue stabilizer was placed during anastomosis between the graft vessel and left anterior descending artery(LAD)(T_2)left circumflex artery(LCX)(T_3)and right coronary artery(RCA)(T_4)and when the anastomoses between the vessel grafts and aorta was completed (T_5).Results At T_2 the mitral valve deceleration time(DT_1)and the blood flow through the mitral valve(Q_1) were decreased significantly as compared with the baseline(T_1);MAP was significantly decreased while HR and CVP were increased(P＜0.05).At T_3 the left and right ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD,RVEDD), tricuspid valve diameter(TVD)and the blood flow through Q_1 and tricuspid valve(Q_2)were significantly decreased as compared to the baseline values at T_1.The mitral valve E/A ratio was increased while the tricuspid valve E/A ratio was decreased(P＜0.05).The MAP,S(?)O_2,right ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic volume(RVESV,RVEDV)and right ventricular ejection fraction were significantly decreased while HR and CVP were increased at T_3 as compared to the baseline at T_1.At T_4 LVESD,LVEDD,MVD,tricuspid valve E/A ratio and Q_1 were significantly decreased as compared to the baseline at T_1(P＜0.05).MAP,MPAP,SV,S(?)O_2, RVEF,RVESV and RVEDV were significantly decreased while HR and CVP were increased(P＜0.05).At T_5 all the TEE and hemodynamic parameters returned to the baseline valves at T_1.Conclusion During anastomoses between graft vessels and LAD,LCX and RCA,both left and right ventricles are compared to some extent and the heart function is impaired temporarily but returns to the baseline after the anastomoses are completed.

Objective To explore the correlation between change of blood lipid and MSCT perfusion imaging in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis in adult rabbits.Methods 20 rabbits 1~1.5 years old in age were divided into two group:16 rabbits in experimental group,8 mg/kg Methylprednisolone was injected twice a week;4 rabbits were used as control group.At 2,4,6,8 week after injection,4 rabbits in experimental group and 1 rabbit in contral group were killed respectively.Before killing the rabbits,the blood lipid was examined and MSCT perfusion imaging was done and the correlation between them was analysed.The index of TRIG,CHOL,Perfusion,PEI,TTP,MTT.All femoral heads were undergone pathological investigation.Results Two weeks after injection,blood lipid began increasing,then blood flow of femoral head decreasing obviously with prolongation of injection;PEI and MTT decrease only 4 weeks after injection.There were a negaitive correlation between blood lipid and blood flow of femoral head.Conclusion There were obviously correlation between the level of increasing blood lipid and blood flow decreasing in steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head in rabbit.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of compound glycyrrhizin plus mizolastine for patients with generalized neurodermatitis(GND)and its influence on patietents' psychology.METHODS:60 patients with GND were randomly assigned to receive compound glycyrrhizin plus mizolastine(treatment group)or mizolasitine alone(control group)for 28 days.The psychological factors were examined before and after treatment using self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),and the curative effects and the psychological changes between two groups were compared.RESULTS:The SAS scores of treatment group and control group were 30.53? 1.50 and 33.20? 1.67,respectively(P

Abstract?AIM: To analyze the clinical effects of partial rectus muscle transportation procedure for paralytic strabismus due to single rectus muscle paralysis.?METHODS:The conditions of 22 patients (25 eyes) who underwent partial rectus muscle transportation procedure for paralytic strabismus due to single rectus muscle paralysis were retrospectively reviewed. The following data were analyzed:1 ) the angle of deviation of primary position; 2 ) the presence of diploma in the primary position;3) the presence of compensatory head posture;4) the motility of the affected eye.All of the patients attended 6mo postoperative follow-up examinations.?RESULTS: According to the results of examinations before and during operation, different operations were performed:2 eyes were treated with partial rectus muscle transportation, 20 eyes were treated with recession of antagonistic muscle of paralytic rectus muscle combined with partial rectus muscle transportation, 3 eyes were treated with recession of antagonistic muscle, partial rectus muscle transportation and recession of yoke muscle.Twenty patients were orthotropia in the primary position, the diploma and abnormal head posture were eliminated. Two patients with binocular lateral rectus muscles paralysis were in mild undercorrection which were resolved by wearing 8△and 10△prisms respectively. The procedure improved strabismus of 25 eyes from 100.23△ ± 42.61△ preoperatively to 0.82△ ± 2.67△postoperatively ( t=10.797,P<0.001).Ocular movement was improved from -4.52 ±0.51 preoperatively to -2.68 ± 0.63 postoperatively (t=-19.468, P<0.001).? CONCLUSION: Partial rectus muscle transportation procedure for paralytic strabismus due to single rectus muscle paralysis can effectively correct the primary position in paralytic strabismus, eliminate the presence of diploma in primary position and abnormal head posture, and improve the ocular motility, which provides content clinical effects.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) in the patients with severe heart failure (HF). Methods A prospective multicenter study was conducted. Patients whose age > 18 years old, and with the New York Heart Association (NYHA) cardiac function grade overⅢ - Ⅳ , acute cardiac insufficiency and the acute exacerbation of chronic cardiac insufficiency admitted to intensive care unit/cardiovascular care unit (ICU/CCU) of 58 Hospitals in China were enrolled. On the basis of the conventional treatment, all patients would be given rhBNP (neo adjuvant) with a loading dose of 1.5 μg/kg for 3-5 minutes, and followed by a maintenance dose of 0.010-0.015 μg·kg-1·min-1 for 3-7 days. Before the treatment and 1, 3, 7 days after treatment, researchers detected indexes of cardiac and renal function, the levels of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac output (CO), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), central venous pressure (CVP), urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), and urine output; the renal function index was re-evaluated at 30 days after administration, and the time entering ICU again, re-admission, cardiovascular events were recorded. Results 408 patients were enrolled, with 241 males and 167 females. Age range was 28-95 years, the average age was (63.0±15.8) years, and 50-70 years old accounted for 46.8%. Compared with the data before treatment, NT-proBNP, PCWP and CVP significantly decreased at 6 hours after treatment [NT-proBNP (μg·kg-1·min-1): 4378.58±4082.29 vs. 6403.41±5759.48, PCWP (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa):12.41±2.21 vs. 14.26±2.85 , CVP (mmHg): 10.63±2.62 vs. 11.45±3.45, all P < 0.05], and with the prolongation of injection, NT-proBNP, PCWP and CVP were gradually declined; CO 1 day after treatment (mL: 4.89±0.81 vs. 4.40±0.92) and LVEF 3 days after treatment (0.465±0.100 vs. 0.431±0.107) were significantly increased (both P < 0.05), and with the prolongation of injection, CO and LVEF were gradually increased. There were no obvious changes in BUN and SCr during the treatment, but 30 days after treatment, SCr was significantly lower than that pre-treatment (μmol/L: 110.98±47.40 vs. 132.62±75.60, P < 0.01). Compared with the data pre-treatment, urine output per hour was significantly increased at 3 hours after treatment (mL: 129.59±82.16 vs. 89.60±53.49, P =0.000); urine output every 24 hours was significantly increased at day 1 and day 2 after administration (mL: 2676.54± 1006.83, 2678.74±975.97 vs. 2150.36±283.76, both P < 0.01). In 7 days, the re-entry ICU rate was 2.7%, and the re-hospitalization rate was 2.88% within 30 days, re-cardiac failure rate was 1.43% in 30 days, and the overall fatality rate was 9.55% in 30 days. Conclusions The rhBNP can significantly improve heart function in patients with HF. And, it has a certain effect on renal function. The rhBNP is effective and safe for the treatment of cardiac insufficiency.

Medical psychology master's degree graduate student course mainly includes basic cour-ses, professional courses and psychological skills training, professional practice skills learning and scientific research quality training. Due to the constraints of discipline development starting late, teachers being rela-tively weak and other objective factors, in curriculum setting, there exist problems of unclear objectives, confusing the primary with secondary, unclear standard, lacking principles, and in particular, there are obvious deficiencies in the training and cultivation of students' ! professional skills . Based on the above objective problems, we made preliminary discussion on the training objectives, the main problems, curricu-lum setting, assessment standards and principles to follow, in order to achieve the purpose of cultivating high-level application-oriented talents through curriculum design and teaching practice.

Objective: To compare short-term efficacy of enhanced phase-I cardiac rehabilitation and ordinary phase-Ⅰ cardiac rehabilitation in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: A total of 254 patients received CABG in our hospital from 2015-07 to 2015-10 were enrolled including 196 male and 58 female at the mean age of (59.92±7.80) years. Relevant health education was conducted and echocardiography, emotion, grip strength were assessed before operation. Based on personal aspiration, the patients were assigned to 2 groups at the 1st day after CABG: Enhanced phase-I cardiac rehabilitation (Enhanced) group, the patients received every day one to one training by physical therapist for 7 days and Ordinary phase-I cardiac rehabilitation (Ordinary) group, the patients received unified instruction by physical therapist prior operation. Relevant parameters were compared between 2 groups at 1 week post-operation which were mainly focused on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), emotional assessment as health questionnaire 9-items (PHQ-9), generalized anxiety disorder 7-items (GAD-7) and grip strength. Results: Before operation: LVEF, PHQ-9 scores, GAD-7 scores and grip strength were similar between 2 groups.1 week post-operation: compared with Ordinary group, Enhanced group had the higher LVEF (62.88±5.21) % vs (59.00±9.83) %, P<0.05; Enhanced group showed slightly lower PHQ-9, GAD-7 scores and slightly higher grip strength without statistic meaning. Conclusion: Enhanced phase-I cardiac rehabilitation presented slight superiority as improved LVEF which implied that even 1 week specific training may benefit CABG patients.