Chlorides ; metabolism ; Diarrhea ; congenital ; Humans

Objective To investigate the biological activities of a conditioned medium for human dermal papilla. Methods Culture medium of the lower passage human dermal papilla cells was collected as the conditioned medium. The growth pattern and the growth curve of the higher passage human dermal papilla cells cultured with conditioned medium were observed in vitro. And the morphology of the co-culture of the higher passage human dermal papilla cells and the lower passage human dermal papilla cells was observed. Results The higher passage human dermal papilla cells, which was cultured with conditioned medium from the lower passage human dermal papilla cells, showed aggregative growth pattern. And the growth curve of the higher passage human dermal papilla cells was much better than that in the control groups (P

In order to find the characteristics of two members of gene family of squaleneexpoxidase (SE) , a quantitative real time PCR method was developed to analyze the expression of Eleutherococcus senticosus SE1 and SE2 gene from different growth periods and in different organs. The result indicated that all the expression of SE2 more than SE1 in the whole growth period and organs of E. senticosus. And in the whole growth period, expression of SE1 showed a low-high-low characteristic. Both expression of SE2 and growth period showed the same trend. The lowest content of the expression was in the roots. SE1 expression have been improved more than SE2 when treated with MeJA. The expression of E. senticosus SE1 and saponins content had significantly positive correlation (P < 0.05) and the correlation coefficients was 0. 858, while the correlation was not significant for SE2. That indicated that SE1 played a key enzyme gene in the biosynthesis of triterpenoidsaponins
Eleutherococcus ; chemistry ; enzymology ; genetics ; growth & development ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Peroxidase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Saponins ; analysis ; metabolism ; Transcriptome

Objective To screen and analyze genes differentially expressed within dermal papillae cells(DPC)with aggregative behavior.Methods Total RNA was extracted from DPC with and without ag-gregative behavior,and double-stranded cDNA were synthesized by using SMART cDNA synthesis.The cD-NA fragments of differentially expressed genes in dermal papillae cells with aggregative behavior were isolat-ed by suppression subtractive hybridization,sequencing,and then subtracted library was set up.Positive clones were screened by PCR method and verified by cDNA dot blot and then analyzed through homologous retrieving.Results A subtractive cDNA library of DPC with aggregative behavior was successfully construct-ed.The results of screening and cloning of the library showed that DPC with aggregative behavior could ex-press genes related to homologous aggregation,regnlation of growth,differentiation and development,and sig-nal transduction proliferation and cycle control,which included known genes(capping protein,paladin,vas-cular endothelial growth factor),hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells(HSPC)related genes(HSPC011and HSPC016)and a new gene.Conclusions The construction of subtractive library of DPC lays solid founda-tion for screening and cloning new and specific genes related to aggregative behavior of DPC.Several genes may cooperatively involve in homologous aggregation,and regnlation of growth of DPC.Among these genes,capping protein and palladin may be closely related to aggregative behavior of DPC,and VEGF and HSPC re-lated clones may be responsible for the status of higher proliferation of DPC.

The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) modified liposome as a vehicle for ophthalmic administration. Liposome loaded with 5-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) was prepared by lipid film hydration method. WGA was thiolated and then conjugated to the surface of the liposome via polyethylene glycol linker to constitute the WGA-modified and FAM-loaded liposome (WGA-LS/FAM). The amount of thiol groups on each WGA molecule was determined, and the bioactivity of WGA was estimated after it was modified to the surface of liposome. The physical and chemical features of the WGA-modified liposome were characterized and the ocular bioadhesive performance was evaluated in rats. The result showed that each thiolated WGA molecule was conjugated with 1.32 thiol groups. WGA-LS/FAM had a mean size of (97.40 +/- 1.39) nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.23 +/- 0.01. The entrapment efficacy of FAM was about (2.95 +/- 0.21)%, and only 4% of FAM leaked out of the liposome in 24 h. Erythrocyte agglutination test indicated that after modification WGA preserved the binding activity to glycoprotein. The in vivo ocular elimination of WGA-LS/FAM fitted first-order kinetics, and the elimination rate was significantly slower than that of the unmodified liposome, demonstrating WGA-modified liposome is bioadhesive and suitable for ophthalmic administration.
Absorption, Physicochemical ; Adhesiveness ; Administration, Ophthalmic ; Animals ; Drug Carriers ; Eye ; metabolism ; Fluoresceins ; chemistry ; Liposomes ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Particle Size ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Wheat Germ Agglutinins ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics and regular pattern of the medicine in common use and combined medication in patients of acute pancreatitis in real world.

METHODCollect the information of 5 433 acute pancreatitis patients in 19 grade IIIA general hospitals in China, analysis by descriptive statistics and association rule.

RESULTIn the 5 433 patients of acute pancreatitis, the glycyrrhizic acid injection and somatostatin are the frequency top used Chinese traditional and western medication. Glycyrrhizic acid injection, somatostatin and insulin are the frequency top used drug combination pattern.

CONCLUSIONThe Chinese and western integrative medicine drug use pattern are accord with the clinical guideline of acute panceatitis. The hepatic and renal function, blood routine and coagulation function should be monitored when the medicines are used.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatitis ; drug therapy ; Somatostatin ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective To study the effects of different concentrations of hypertonic saline (HS) and 20%mannitol on decreasing intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with moderate-sever traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods A total of 60 patients were randomly assigned into 7.5%HS group, 3%HS group and 20%mannitol group, 20 patients in each group. All of patients were treated with conventional treatment according to the diagnostic and treatment practices of TBI. When ICP was above 20 mmHg for more than 5 minutes, patients were administered corresponding hypertonic dehydrator. The levels of ICP, mean arterial pressure (MAP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), urine volume per hour and serum sodium were monitored continuously within 6 hours after the initiation of therapy. Results All agents could significantly decrease the ICP (P<0.05), but the onset time in 7.5%HS group was less than that of the other two groups (P<0.05), and the decreased magnitude of ICP and the effective time of decreasing ICP in 7.5%HS group were more than those of the other two groups (P < 0.05). Both 7.5%HS and 3%HS could increase MAP and CPP. There was no statistical difference in serum sodium between both groups , but the diuretic effect in both groups was worse than that of 20%mannitol group. Conclusion The rapidly infusion of 7.5%HS could significantly decrease the ICP, increase the MAP and CPP without obvious side-effect in patients with moderate-sever TBI, and which is a safe and effective therapy for intracranial hypertension after traumatic brain injury .

Objective To observe enhancing effect of nerve regeneration on peripheral nerve defect models bridged by VPA/PRGD conduit combined with adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs).Methods From February,2013 to August,2014,the hollow nerve scaffolds were constructed by PRGD and VPA.The activity of AD SCs proliferation was tested through the method of CCK-8.Moreover,the effect of VPA/PRGD conduit combined with ADSCs on peripheral nerve regeneration was evaluated,as well as recovery of motor function following sciatic nerve resection in rats.A 10 mm sciatic nerve deficit was created in a rat model and bridged by VPA/PRGD conduit combined with ADSCs (group A),VPAfPRGD conduit (group B) and autograft (group C) respectively.The results was analyzed by the method of group t-test of SPSS 19.0.Results At 3 d,6 d,9 d,CCK-8 test showed that the OD value of groups VPA/PRGD and control has no significance(P ＞ 0.05).At 12 weeks after surgery,the numbers of regenerated nerve proximal to the tube of group A (268±7.48),group B (269±6.86) and group C (271±7.55),had no significant difference between two groups(P ＞ 0.05).The numbers of regenerated nerve in the tube of group A (257±6.19) and group C (260±5.60) were significantly higher than those of group B (229±5.08) (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant between groups A and C (P ＞ 0.05).The numbers of regenerated nerve distal to the tube of group A (246±5.89) and group C (247±5.02) were significantly higher than those of group B (214±7.55) (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant between groups A and C (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion These promising results illustrate that this novel VPA/PRGD combined with ADSCs conduit can obviously facilitate the regeneration of injured nerve in rats.

Objective To observe the surgical results of modified percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar decompression(PEID) and traditional PEID in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS),and to explore the optimizations scheme of PEID for DLSS.Methods 60 patients (36 males and 24 females) were brought into the research for DLSS.According to the different operation ways,the patients were randomly divided into the modified PEID group(observation group) and traditional PEID group (control group) according to the digital table method,30 cases in each group.The surgical outcome,indicators included the change in spinal canal,visual analogue scale (VAS) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI) at pre-operation,postoperative 3 d,postoperative 3 months and postoperative 6 months,operation time,headache and painful stiff nape incidence in the operation,postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results The VAS scores (postoperative 3 days,postoperative 3 months and postoperative 6 months) of the observation group were (4.37 ± 1.20) points,(2.59 ± 1.30) points,(1.29 ± 1.21)points respectively,which of the control group were (4.45 ± 1.22)points,(2.67 ± 1.36)points,(1.17 ± 1.10)points respectively,which were significantly better than (7.93 ± 1.56)points of the observation group and (8.22 ± 1.70) points of the control group before operation,the differences were statistically significant (F =1 254.387,512.762,all P ＜ 0.05).The ODI scores (postoperative 3 days,postoperative 3 months and postoperative 6 months) of the observation group were (48.64 ± 19.59) points,(27.66 ± 10.22) points,(10.69 ± 8.87) points respectively,which of the control group were (47.22 ± 20.96) points,(25.17 ± 11.93) points,(10.16 ± 7.89) points respectively,which were significantly better than (75.20 ± 23.20) points of the observation group and (70.35 ± 28.66) points of the control group before operation,the differences were statistically significant(F =1 254.387,512.762,all P ＜ 0.05).The VAS and ODI scores (pre-operation,postoperative 3 days,postoperative 3 months andpostoperative 6 months) of the observation group and control group had no statistically significant differences (VAS:t =2.088,2.124,3.021,3.173;ODI:t =2.366,1.079,1.694,1.573,all P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of neck pain and operation time of the observation group were 20.69％,(63 ± 7) min,which were significantly lower than 87.50％ and (157 ± 8)rin of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(t =3.601,2.167,all P ＜ 0.05).The central sagittal diameter of the spinal canal and the central transverse diameter of the spinal canal between the observation group and the control group had no statistically significant differences (x2 =4.260,t =3.694,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Modified PEID has advantages in surgical efficiency,operation time and headache and painful stiff nape incidence compared with traditional PEID,so it can be chosen for DLSS.

OBJECTIVETo study the drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) producing VIM-2-type metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) isolated from burn patients of our ward against carbapenem antibiotics and its homology.

METHODSA total of 400 strains of AB (identified) were isolated from sputum, urine, blood, pus, and wound drainage. of burn patients hospitalized in our ward from September 2011 to March 2014. Drug resistance of the 400 strains of AB to 15 antibiotics, including compound sulfamothoxazole, aztreonam, etc. , was tested using the automatic microorganism identifying and drug sensitivity analyzer. Among the carbapenems-resistant AB isolates, modified Hodge test was applied to screen carbapenemase-producing strains. The carbapenemase genes of the carbapenemase-producing strains, and the mobile genetic elements class I-integron (Intl1) gene and conserved sequence (CS) of carbapenemase-producing strains carrying blaVIM-2 gene were determined with PCR and DNA sequencing. For carbapenemase-producing strains carrying blaVIM-2 gene, synergism test with imipenem-ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and enhancement test with imipenem-EDTA and ceftazidime-EDTA were used to verify the MBL-producing status. Drug resistance of the VIM-2-type MBL-producing AB strains was analyzed. For VIM-2-type MBL-producing AB strains, plasmid conjugation experiment was used to explore the transfer of plasmid; outer membrane protein (OMP) CarO gene was detected by PCR. For VIM-2-type MBL-producing AB strains carrying CarO gene, the protein content of CarO was analyzed with sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electro- phoresis. The repetitive consensus sequence of Enterobacteriaceae genome PCR (ERIC-PCR) was carried out for gene typing of VIM-2-type MBL-producing AB strains to analyze their homology.

RESULTS(1) The resistant rates of the 400 strains of AB against levofloxacin and compound sulfamethoxazole were low. A total of 381 carbapenems-resistant AB strains were screened, including 240 carbepenemase-producing strains. (2) Out of the 240 carbepenemase-producing strains, 18 strains were found to harbor the blaVIM-2 gene, accounting for 7.5%; 133 strains carried the blaTEM-1 gene, accounting for 55.42%; 195 strains carried the blaOXA23 gene, accounting for 81.25%; 188 strains carried the bla(armA) gene, accounting for 78.33%. (3) Eighteen carbepenemase-producing strains which carried the bla(VIM-2) gene were found to carry the Intl1 gene, showing the Intl1-VIM linkage. Simultaneously, Intl1 variable area CS showed diversity. (4) Eighteen carbepenemase-producing strains which carried the blaVIM-2 gene were verified to produce MBL. The resistant rates of the 18 strains of AB against compound sulfamethoxazole were the lowest, followed by levofloxacin and cefoperazone/sulbactam, and those against the other antibiotics were above 60.00%. (5) Through multiple joint tests, plasmid conjugation experiment positive transfer strain was not found in 18 VIM-2-type MBL-producing AB strains. (6) Nine out of the 18 VIM-2-type MBL-producing AB strains were found to carry CarO gene. The OMP CarO of VIM-2-type MBL-producing AB strains carrying CarO gene was lost or lowered in the protein content. (7) The 18 VIM-2-type MBL-producing AB strains were classified into 6 genotypes by the ERIC-PCR. There were respectively 6, 4, 3, and 1 stain (s) in genotypes A, B, C, and F, and there were 2 strains in genotypes D and E respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThe resistance mechanism of AB against carbapenems is mainly mediated by blaTEM-1, blaOXA-23, and bla(arma); meanwhile, VIM-2-type MBL-producing and lack or change in OMP CarO are attributable to carbapenems resistance of clinically isolated AB from burn wards, and the Intl1 gene may take a part in blaVIM-2 gene transmission.

Acinetobacter baumannii ; drug effects ; enzymology ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Bacterial Proteins ; Burns ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Carbapenems ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Genes, Bacterial ; Humans ; Imipenem ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Sulbactam ; pharmacology ; beta-Lactamases ; genetics