Objective Study the National Natural Science Foundation investment of traditional Chinese Medicine R&D investment in common illnesses to understand the total investment as well as researching areas, agency and disease. Methods Filtered research data of common illnesses from National Natural Science Foundation website database with keywords. Quantitative analysis was made with the obtained data. Results National Natural Science Foundation of China invested a total of more than 50 million RMB in common illness R&D, of which nearly 400 million RMB was invested to traditional Chinese medicine. Cancer R&D investment was the highest, bone diseases R&D investment was less than 0.1% of the total investment. Conclusion Total investment in common illness increased year by year, but the investment in traditional Chinese medicine ratio was still low.

Characteristics of collapsed tibial plateau fracture determines that the joint surface must remain anatomical reduction,line of force in tibial must exist and internal fixation must be strong. However, while renewing articular surface smoothness, surgeons have a lot of problems in dealing with bone defect under the joint surface. Current materials used for bone defect treatment include three categories: autologous bone, allograft bone and bone substitutes. Some scholars think that autologous bone grafts have a number of drawbacks, such as increasing trauma, prolonged operation time, the limited source, bone area bleeding,continuous pain, local infection and anesthesia,but most scholars believe that the autologous cancellous bone graft is still the golden standard. Allograft bone has the ability of bone conduction, but the existence of immune responses, the possibility of a virus infection, and the limited source of the allograft cannot meet the clinical demands. Likewise, bone substitutes have the problem that osteogenesis does not match with degradation in rates. Clinical doctors can meet the demand of the patient's bone graft according to patient's own situation and economic conditions.
Bone Substitutes ; Bone Transplantation ; Humans ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

18 fungal strains including N.coenophialum,N.lolii, N.huerfanum、N.chisosum、N.aotearoae、N.sp.and 8 varieties of grass seeds belonging to Festuca arundinacea and Lolium perenne have been studied.With amplification of IS1～IS3 and F1～R1 of genomic DNA, the primers Tub-2-F～Tub-2-R from Tubulin-2 gene and F3～R3 from NC25 gene have been designed.A PCR method to detect N.coenophialum and N.lolii was established, and also a nested-PCR method to detect N.coenophialum and N.lolii in single seed was established.These PCR detection methods are strongly special and much credible and rapid-speeded.

Objective To determine the risk factors associated with surgical site infection in closed calcaneal fractures.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 312 patients with closed calcaneal fracture who had been treated by open plate osteosynthesis at our trauma centre from January 2008 to November 2014.They were 182 males and 130 females,from 18 to 75 years of age (average,44.3 years).By Sanders classification,52 cases were type Ⅱ,146 type Ⅲ,and 114 type Ⅳ.The fractures were caused by fall from a height in 159 cases,traffic accident in 97 ones,and crushing in 56 ones.All the patients received open reduction and internal fixation via a typical L-shaped lateral incision.Gender,age,cause for injury,smoking history,diabetes,interval between injury and operation,operation time and bone grafting were analyzed as possible risk factors in the study.Multivariate logistic regression was conducted for significant risk factors derived from the univariate analysis.Results The patients were divided into an infection group (28 cases,9.0％) and a non-infection group (284 cases,91.0％).The univariate analysis showed that the rate of smoking was significantly higher,the operation time significantly longer,the interval between injury and operation significantly shorter in the infection group than in the non-infection group (P ＜ 0.05).However,the logistic regression analysis revealed that operation time was the only independent risk factor for surgical site infection (P =0.005,OR =43.870).Conclusion Since operation time may be an independent risk factor for surgical site infection in closed calcaneal fracture,it is important to speed up surgery as quick as possible in control of surgical site infection as long as the surgical quality is ensured.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value and significance of myocardial injury markers in neonates.Methods A retrospective analysis of 838 cases of myocardial injury markers in neonates,the total positive rate of hs -cTnI and the positive rates of hs -cTnI(hypersensitivity cardiac troponin I)in different kinds of neonatal disease were calculated,the levels of abnormalities consistent rate in hs -cTnI and CK -MBmass(creatine kinase MB mass)were compared with hs -cTnI and MYO(Myoglobin).Results The total positive rate of hs -cTnI was 40.33% in the 838 neonates.The highest incidence of myocardial injury was neonatal sepsis (57.14%),followed by neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage (55.56%)and neonatal convulsions (54.55%).The abnormalities consistent rate of hs -cTnI and CK -MBmass was better than hs -cTnI and MYO (85.50% vs 28.11%,χ2 =226.9,P <0.05). Conclusion Neonatal hospitalized children often complicated by myocardial injury;As a biochemical myocardial injury marker,the hs -cTnI detection is important for early detection of myocardial injury,it should be recommend as routine test items;CK -MBmass has better correlation with hs -cTnI than MYO,which can provide guide for doctors to interpret the data of myocardial injury markers.

The authors compared and analyzed the correlated meridians in Internal Classic and Study on the Eight Extra-Channels and Vessels by clinical observation on acupuncture for treatment of oculomotor paralysis and reorganization research on ancient related literature, and course of meridians and collaterals, manifestations of disease and function were used as indexes. The present symptoms of oculomotor paralysis (paralytic strabismus) are well consistent with the delineation in Internal Classic such as inability to open eyes, blurring of vision and pain of outer canthus. The results indicate that it is important to regulate the Qiao Meridian function for acupuncture treatment of oculomotor paralysis; the method of the twelve regular meridians and the eight extra-meridians is different for treatment of this disease, for the twelve regular meridians treating the superficiality and the eight extra-meridians treating the origin, and the combinativue use of the two methods can display the TCM theory thought and the characteristic of simultaneous treatment of principal and subordinate symptoms; there is closely relation between musculature diseases and pathological change of oculomotor paralysis and it is helpful in perfecting therapeutic principles and research methods.
Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Meridians ; Ophthalmoplegia ; diagnosis ; therapy

BACKGROUND: Greatly importance has been attached to ceramic-on-ceramic bearing surface due to its excel ent wear resistance. But the risks of squeaking and ceramic fracture also go with it. Up til now, the choice between ceramic-on-ceramic and ceramic-on-polyethylene bearing surfaces in primary total hip arthroplasty remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical outcomes and safety between ceramic-on-ceramic versus ceramic-on-polyethylene bearing surfaces in total hip arthroplasty based on meta analysis. METHODS: We electronical y searched databases including PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Col aboration database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBMdisc) and China National Knowledge Internet for randomized control ed trials on the comparison between ceramic-on-ceramic versus ceramic-on-polyethylene bearing surfaces in total hip arthroplasty from inception to January 2015. References of the included studies were also retrieved. Investigators severely selected the studies, extracted data and assessed the quality according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nine randomized control ed trials were included, involving 1 231 hips with ceramic-on-ceramic prosthesis and 932 hips with ceramic-on-polyethylene prosthesis. Meta analysis showed that both bearing surfaces achieved satisfied function recovery. But ceramic-on-ceramic had significantly increased risks of squeaking and ceramic fracture, meanwhile ceramic-on-polyethylene showed significantly higher wear rate. There were no significant differences in intra- or post-operative dislocation, osteolysis and other complications and prosthesis failure with any reason between two bearing surfaces. These results suggest that during the short- to mid-term fol ow-up period, no sufficient evidence can tel that ceramic-on-ceramic was obviously super than ceramic-on-polyethylene. Long-term fol ow-up is required for further evaluation.

This article reports two cases of childhood-onset nemaline myopathy diagnosed by muscle pathology and genetic diagnosis. The two patients had onset in early childhood, with muscle weakness as the first manifestation, as well as long disease duration and slow progression. Gomori staining and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed red-stained rods in the sarcoplasmic cytoplasm and sarcolemma under a light microscope. Electron microscopy showed that the dense nemaline rods were located under the muscle fiber sarcolemma and parallel to the long axis of the muscle fibers, and some muscle fiber myofilaments were dissolved and necrotic. Gene testing found that one of the two patients had heterozygous mutation (c.1013A>C) in the ACTA1 gene, and the other had compound heterozygous mutation (c.18676C>T and c.9812C>A) in the NEB gene. The two mutations were more common in nemaline myopathy. Nemaline myopathy is a recessive or dominant inheritance myopathy, in which the nemaline rod in the cytoplasm of myocytes is a characteristic muscle pathological change. Pathological and genetic diagnosis is the gold standard for diagnosis of nemaline myopathy.

Objective: To observe the effects of liraglutide on angiogenesis and myocardium protection in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rats with its mechanisms. Methods: Rat's AMI model was established by left anterior descending of coronary ligation. AMI rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Control group, the rats received subcutaneous injection of normal saline, Low dose (LS) group and High dose (HS) group, rats received subcutaneous injection of liraglutide 70μg/(kg?d) and 140μg/(kg?d) respectively; in addition, Sham operation group, rats received normal saline. n=6 in each group, all animals were treated for 2 weeks. 4 weeks later, cardiac structure and function were assessed by echocardiography, morphological changes of myocardium were observed by HE staining, collagen volume fraction (CVF) was calculated by Masson staining, myocardial microvessel density (MVD) and protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in marginal zone of infracted region were detected by immunohistochemistry, VEGF protein level was examined by Western blot analysis. Results: Compared with Sham operation group, Control group showed decreased LVEF, LVFS and increased LVEDd, LVESd, CVF, all P<0.01; while MVD and VEGF protein level were similar between 2 groups, P>0.05. Compared with Control group, LS group and HS group had obviously increased LVEF, LVFS, P<0.01 and decreased LVEDd, LVESd, P<0.05, obviously decreased CVF, P<0.01; obviously elevated MVD and VEGF protein level, P<0.01. Compared with LS group, HS group presented obviously increased LVEF, LVFS, P<0.01 and decreased LVEDd, LVESd, CVF, P<0.05; elevated MVD and VEGF protein level, P<0.01 or P<0.05. Conclusion: Liraglutide could improve angiogenesis in AMI rats which might be related to increased VEGF expression and reduced collagen deposition; therefore improve left ventricular systolic function for cardiac protection. The effect had certain relationship to liraglutide dosage.

BACKGROUNDZhongfei Mixture (ZM), a traditional Chinese medicine, exploited from the clinical experience, has mainly been used for the treatment of advanced lung cancer since it was produced in 1983. However, little research has been conducted on its anti-tumor mechanism. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-tumor and apoptotic effects of ZM in vitro and in vivo.

METHODSThe growth inhibition effect of ZM on A549 cells was evaluated by MTT assay. Morphological observation and clone forming tests were performed to determine the effect of ZM on cell viability. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. In addition, the in vivo anti-proliferation activity of ZM was evaluated using mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma. Further, the apoptosis of cells in tumor tissue was determined by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and the expression of Ki-67 protein in tumor tissues was analyzed by En-Vision immuno-histochemistry staining.

RESULTSZM exerted an obvious inhibitory effect on proliferation of A549 cells. It arrested A549 cells in G(2)-M phase and induced apoptosis. Compared with 3.02% and 5.32% in control group, the percentages of cells arrested in G(2)-M phase were 19.20% and 19.58% in 7.94 mg/ml ZM treated A549 cells at 24 hours and 48 hours. Moreover, the apoptosis rate increased from 0.18% to 18.01% after ZM treatment for 48 hours. ZM also significantly inhibited tumor growth in the tumor-implanted mice. Compared with saline control group, the effects of ZM showed significant tumor growth inhibition (P < 0.05). Furthermore, ZM could down-regulate the expression of Ki-67 in tumor tissue in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma.

CONCLUSIONSOur results indicated that ZM has notable anti-tumor effect and the effects of ZM in moderate dose groups were superlative both in vitro and in vivo. The possible mechanism of ZM might be associated with arresting cell cycle in G(2)-M phase as well as down-regulating Ki-67 expression in tumor tissues.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Mice ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays