Objective To study the effect of intravenous injection of esmolol,labetalol and their combination in the treatment of ischemic heart failure (ICD).Methods 80 patients with ICD were randomly divided into treat-ment group 1 (20 cases),treatment group 2(20 cases),treatment group 3 (20 cases)and control group(20 cases). The treatment group 1 was intravenously given esmolol on the basis of routine treatment.the treatment group 2 was intravenously given labetalol on the basis of the conventional treatment.the treatment group 3 was intravenously given esmolol and labetalol on the basis of routine treatment.The control group only received routine treatment.The thera-peutic effects of the four groups were observed and compared,and the changes of blood pressure,heart rate,walking distance and ultrasonic electrocardiogram before and after treatment were recorded.Results In the treatment group 1,3 cases with marked effect,effective in 14 cases,the total effective rate was 85%.In the treatment group 2,2 cases with marked effect,effective in 14 cases,the total effective rate was 80% cases.In the treatment group 3,4 cases with marked effect,effective in 15 cases,the total effective rate was 95%.In the control group,1 case with marked effect, effective in 10 cases,the total effective rate was 55%.The treatment effect of the treatment group 1,2,3 was better than the control group (P <0.05).The treatment effect of the treatment group 1,2 was significantly lower than the treatment group 3 (P <0.05).The treatment effect between the treatment group 1 and group 2 had no significant difference (P >0.05 ).After treatment,6 min walking distance and LVEF,FS,SV and other indicators of cardiac function were significantly improved in the four groups (P <0.05 ).The four groups had no significant adverse reactions such as nausea,vomiting,liver and renal function after treatment.Conclusion Intravenous injection of esmolol,labetalol or both drugs for treatment of ICD can improve cardiac function,with no adverse reaction,and it is safe and reliable,worthy of clinical application.

In recent years, polysaccharides have received much attention because of their high safety and good immunological activity. The study of polysaccharide in vivo process is a key scientific problem that needs to be solved for polysaccharide drug development. Some progress has been made in the field of polysaccharide pharmacokinetics and immunomodulation. However, due to the lack of both chromogenic and light-absorbing groups and the complex molecular structure of polysaccharides, the in vivo processes and immunomodulatory mechanisms of polysaccharides have been slow to be investigated. The effective combination of multiple techniques can break the bottleneck of difficult tracing and unknown immunomodulatory mechanism of polysaccharides in vivo, and promote the development and utilization of polysaccharides. In this paper, we systematically summarize the key techniques in the study of polysaccharide in vivo processes and immunomodulatory mechanisms in order to provide technical references and research ideas for the study of polysaccharide in vivo processes and immunomodulatory mechanisms.

Objective: To observe the effect of Yi Jin Jing (Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises) on the muscle strength in senile sarcopenia. Methods: Sixty-five old people with sarcopenia were randomized into Yi Jin Jing group and a blank control group. Thirty-three patients in Yi Jin Jing group practiced Yi Jin Jing (Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises), while 32 patients in the blank control group didn't receive any interventions. The muscle strength was measured before and after 12-week training. Results: During the study, each group had 1 dropout. The muscle strength was improved after 12-week training in Yi Jin Jing group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the blank control group (P>0.05). After the intervention, there was a significant difference between Yi Jin Jing group and the blank control group in comparing the muscle strength (P<0.05). Conclusion: Constant Yi Jin Jing (Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises) training can notably improve skeletal muscle strength in senile sarcopenia.

Objective To investigate clinical manifestations,histopathological features and treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) complicated by pyoderma gangrenosum (PG).Methods Data on clinical manifestations,auxiliary examination findings,treatment and prognosis were collected from 8 inpatients with UC complicated by PG in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between July 2009 and July 2016,and analyzed retrospectively.Results Of the 8 cases,5 were male,and 3 were female.Theaverage age of onset was 30.6 years and 35.1 years in males and females respectively.All the patients developed intestinal symptoms of UC before the onset of PG with an average time interval of 5 years.Moreover,all the patients had active total colonic type UC at the onset of PG,including 6 with moderately active UC and 2 with mildly active UC.PG manifested as painful ulcers in 8 patients,and affected lower limbs in 7 patients.Histopathological examination of skin lesions showed typical characteristics of vasculitis in 5 patients.Five patients were complicated by arthralgia.All the patients were treated with glucocorticoids and 5-aminosalicylic acid agents as the basic therapy,3 patients received extra treatment with immunosuppressive agents or minocycline,and 2 with infliximab.Conclusions PG is a severe skin manifestation of UC,commonly occurs in patients with total colonic type UC in the active stage,and mostly affects the lower limbs,with typical histopathological features of vasculitis.

Objective:To assess the anatomy of superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) and its feasibility for tongue re-construction after tumor resection. Methods:From January 2014 to January 2015, a total of 15 patients with oral maxillofacial defects underwent SCIP flap surgery. Perforator identification and SCIA course were performed intra-operatively. The relationships among the SCIA, deep circumflex iliac artery (DCIA), and superficial inferior epigastric artery (SIEA) were determined intra-operatively. Surgical procedures, measurement of vessel's caliber and pedicle's length, SCIP flap anatomy, and their outcomes were described. Results:Flap mean thickness was approximately 1.2±0.3 cm. The mean diameter of the SCIA was 0.7±0.2 cm, and that of the superficial circumflex iliac vein was 1.2±0.2 cm. The relationships among SCIA, DCIA, and SIEA were described and subdivided into typeⅠ(8/15), typeⅡ(2/15), typeⅢ(2/15), typeⅣ(2/15), and typeⅤ(1/15) in intra-operative dissection. The flap sizes were in the range from 6 cm × 4.5 cm to 11 cm × 10 cm. A total of 14 SCIP flaps survived, and 1 SCIP flap underwent necrosis. Conclusion:The SCIP flap is a reliable, thin, and pliable flap with long vascular pedicles and hidden donor site morbidity. Its texture is a perfect match for tongue defect reconstruc-tion.

BACKGROUNDIt has been reported that CD8(+) regulatory cells could be induced upon oral tolerance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of CD8α(+) T cells in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice pretreated by oral immune regulation.

METHODSThe effects of five low oral doses of colitis-extracted proteins (CEP) on colitis were evaluated by clinical manifestation and histological lesions. The percentages of CD8α(+) T cells gating on CD3(+) T cells were evaluated in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) and the spleens by flow cytometry. Differences between the two groups were compared by Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test.

RESULTSCompared to bovine serum albumin (BSA)-fed control mice, administration of CEP resulted in marked alleviation of colitis. The proportion of CD8α(+) T cells, not only in intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs) of the large intestine (LI) but also in spleen from CEP-fed colitis mice, was significantly higher than that from BSA-fed colitis mice (LI-IELs: (71.5 ± 5.4)% vs. (60.1 ± 4.3)%, P < 0.01; LI-LPLs: (60.7 ± 5.2)% vs. (51.9 ± 4.7)%, P < 0.01; spleen: (24.1 ± 3.6)% vs. (20.3 ± 4.1)%, P < 0.05; n = 8). Mucosal repair in repair-period mice five days after termination of DSS treatment was also accompanied by an increase of CD8α(+) T cells in large intestinal mucosal lymphocytes (LI-IELs: (72.1 ± 3.7)% vs. (61.5 ± 4.5)%, P < 0.01; LI-LPLs: (62.1 ± 5.7)% vs. (52.7 ± 3.6)%, P < 0.01; n = 8). The proportion of CD3(+) T cells increased in Peyer's patches (PPs) and decreased in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) from colitis mice compared to untreated mice, whereas the change pattern of CD3(+) T cells in PPs and MLNs from CEP-fed colitis mice was just on the contrary.

CONCLUSIONImprovement of DSS-induced colitis resulted from oral immune regulation is associated with an increase in CD8α(+) T cells in spleen and large intestinal mucosa.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Colitis ; chemically induced ; complications ; Dextran Sulfate ; toxicity ; Flow Cytometry ; Lymphocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Proteins ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Spleen ; cytology ; metabolism

Objective To discuss the influences of Shenyanning on renal signal pathway of transforming growth factor-β_1(TGF-β_1)and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase(p38MAPK)in rats with IgA nephropathy.Methods All SD rats were randomly divided into the control group,model group,Western medicine group(benazepril and losartan),and Chinese medicine group(Shenyanning).The model of IgA nephropathy was established by the method of lipopolysaccharide+bovine albumin+carbon tetrachloride.All groups were given relevant drugs intragastrically.The expressions of TGF-β_1 and p38MAPK-mRNA were detected by applying IgA immunofluorescence test and RT-PCR at the end of the 15th week.Results The strength of IgA immunofluorescence and expressions of TGF-β_1 and p38MAPKmRNA decreased significantly in the Chinese medicine group and Western medicine group compared with those in the model group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Shenyanning may cure IgA nephropathy through inhibiting renal signal pathway of p38MAPK.

OBJECTIVETo observe the preventive effect different compatibilities of Ramulus Cinnamomi (RC) and peony in Guizhi Decoction (GD) on diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy (DCAN).

METHODSTotally 60 male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e., the blank control DM group, the model group, the methycobal group, the 1:1 (RC/peony) Guishao group, the 2:1 Guishao group, and the 1:2 Guishao group, 10 in each group. Rats were pretreated with corresponding drugs for 1 week, and then induced diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Drugs were administrated by gastrogavage for 4 more weeks after STZ-injection. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to detect levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), choline acetyltransferase (CHAT), nerve growth factor. (NGF), and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) in myocardial homogenates.

RESULTSAfter 4-week modeling, body weight (BW) was obviously lower, but blood glucose (BG) was higher in STZ rats than in rats of the blank control DM group. There was no statistical difference in BW or BG among the 5 groups (P >0.05). Compared with the blank control group, TH, TH/CHAT, and NGF in left ventricle and ventricular septum increased, CHAT and CNTF increased in the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, TH and TH/CHAT in left ventricle decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), CNTF in left ventricle increased (P < 0.05), CHAT in left ventricle and ventricular septum increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in the methycobal group. TH and TH/CHAT in left ventricle and ventricular septum decreased, CNTF in left ventricle and ventricular septum increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), CHAT in left ventricle and ventricular septum increased (P < 0.01), NGF in ventricular septum decreased (P < 0.01) in the 1:1 Guishao group. TH/CHAT in left ventricle decreased (P < 0.01), CHAT and CNTF in left ventricle and ventricular septum increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in the 1:2 Guishao group. Compared with the methycobal group, CHAT in left ventricle decreased, TH and TH/CHAT in left ventricle increased in the 2:1 Guishao group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). TH and TH/CHAT in ventricular septum decreased (P < 0.05), CHAT and CNTF in left ventricle and ventricular septum increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in the 1:1 Guishao group. Compared with the 1:2 Guishao group and the 2:1 Guishao group, CHAT in left ventricle increased, TH/CHAT in left ventricle decreased, TH and TH/CHAT in ventricular septum decreased, CHAT in ventricular septum increased, CNTF in left ventricle and ventricular septum also increased in the 1:1 Guishao group (all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSSTZ model rats had autonomic neural injury, manifested as lowered vagal nerve activity and hyperactive sympathetic nerves. GD could effectively suppress hyperactive cardiac sympathetic nerves and protect the vagus. Besides, GD (1:1) showed the optimal effect in regulating the balance of cardiac autonomic nerves and could be used in early prevention of DCAN.

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Heart ; Heart Ventricles ; Male ; Myocardium ; Nerve Growth Factor ; Paeonia ; Rats ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

OBJECTIVETo study the effect and mechanism of Langchuangjing Granule (LCJ) in inhibiting the lupoid change of kidney in lupus-prone mice.

METHODSIntervention therapy was applied to three group of BW female mice of lupus, 3 months in age, for 6-12 weeks with LCJ, prednisone and LCJ + prednisone respectively to observe the dynamic development of disease, changes of CD4+, CD8+ and CD54 expression, and the effect on pathology of renal corpuscles.

RESULTSBoth western and Chinese medicines can partially improve the symptoms and plasma CD4+ and CD8+ distribution, inhibit the increase of serum ICAM-1 content and the high expression of CD54 in surface of lymphocyte of peripheral blood, suppress the atrophy of renal corpuscles and the proliferation of mesangial cell. The optimal effect was showed by the combination of LCJ and prednisone.

CONCLUSIONLCJ could effectively control and improve the genesis and development of lupoid changes in model mice, and regulate the cellular immune function, inhibit the excessive immune reaction, and improve the pathology of lupoid nephritis, it could cooperate with western medicine to give full play of its effective role and show the superiority in treatment.

Animals ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; blood ; Kidney ; pathology ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Lupus Nephritis ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NZB ; Phytotherapy ; Random Allocation

OBJECTIVETo study the absorption, translocation and accumulation of N, P and K on Achyranthes bidentata.

METHODThe contents of N, P and K were determined by mean of sulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide assimilating method, vanadium-ammonium molybdate colorimetric method and flame photometric method, respectively.

RESULTThe contents of N, P and K in the plant were decreasing during the growth period. The absorption rates of the three nutrients by A. Bidentata showed double-peak curves in the whole growth period, maximum absorption rate appeared in the middle ten days of October. About 8.59 kg of N, 1.36 kg of P and 7.40 kg of K were needed to produce each 100 kg root.

CONCLUSIONThe key nutrients absorption period is in the first ten days of September and in the middle ten days of October.

Achyranthes ; metabolism ; Biological Transport ; Nitrogen ; metabolism ; Phosphorus ; metabolism ; Potassium ; metabolism