Objective To explore the value of neutrophils gelatinases related lipid a carrier protein (NGAL),renal injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and serum creatinine (SCr) for early diagnosis in adult cardiac surgery after acute renal injury (AKI).Methods Blood and urine samples of 65 cardiac surgery patients before and 24,48,72 h after surgery were collected,SCr,urine NGAL and KIM-1 levels was detected,among whom AKI occurred in 34 cases(AKI group),did not occur in 31 cases (non AKI group),and they were compared with 20 cases of healthy physical examination (control group).Logistic regression model was used to judge the value of early diagnosis of SCr,urine NGAL and KIM-1.Results The incidence of AKI after cardiac surgery was 52.31％ (34/65).The SCr,urine NGAL and KIM-1 levels in AKI group and non AKI group before and 24,48,72 h after surgery were significantly higher than those in control group [SCr:(62.44 ±22.26),(77.38 ±24.38),(98.24 ±25.02),(98.14 ±45.26)μmol/L and (56.67 ±21.68),(59.25 ± 15.58),(55.40 ±22.91),(40.10 ±23.45)μmol/L vs.(16.43 ±5.01)μmol/L;urine NGAL:(4.81 ±0.65),(9.48 ±3.29),(11.87 ±3.93),(7.66 ± 1.52) μg/L and (4.67 ±0.53),(8.89 ± 2.64),(11.46 ± 3.60),(7.47 ± 1.63)μg/L vs.(2.87 ± 0.48) μg/L; KIM-1:(47.93 ± 5.54),(61.89 ± 12.44),(100.21 ± 27.32),(67.69 ± 8.72) μ g/L and (47.12 ± 4.08),(56.38 ± 9.27),(90.14 ± 27.26),(69.40 ±8.90) μ g/L vs.(32.21 ± 12.54)μ g/L] (P ＜ 0.01).Urine NGAL and KIM-1 levels in AKI group and non AKI group 24,48,72 h after surgery were significantly higher than those before surgery (P＜ 0.01).SCr,urine NGAL and KIM-1 levels in AKI group 24 h after surgery were significantly higher than those in non AKI group (P＜ 0.01).Twenty-four hours after surgery,the sensitivity and specificity of urine NGAL,KIM-1 in the diagnosis of AKI,compared with that of SCr had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The adults who accept extracorporeal circulation cardiac surgery appear high incidence of AKI.Twenty-four hours after surgery,early biological markers-urine AKI,KIM-1,has similar sensitivity and specificity with traditional diagnostic gold standard of SCr.

Objective To investigate the effect of EGB on SOD, MDA of ventilator-induced lung injury in rats and its possible mechanisms. Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (C group), high tidal ventilation group (H group) and EGB group (E group). The setting mechanical ventilation was VT=30 mL/kg, RR=40/min, I/E=1/3, PEEP=0 cmH2 O and FiO2=21%. The broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BLAF) and serum were obtained for determination of the levels of SOD and MDA at the end of 4 h mechanical ventilation. The Lungs were removed, and the wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D) and pulmonary pathologic changes were measured. Results As compared with C group, W/D and the levels of MDA were significantly increased in H group, but the levels of SOD were reduced in H group. As compared with H group, W/D and the levels of MDA were significantly decreased in E group, but the levels of SOD were increased in E group. Pulmonary pathologic changes were alleviated in E group comparing with H group. Conclusion EGB injection may have a protective role against hyperoxia and induced pulmonary damage in rats.

AIM:To explore the cataract suspensory ligament rupture and artificial lens implantation suture fixation into capsular bag without capsular tension ring(CTR).METHODS:We reviewed 20 cases of 20 cataract suspensory ligament rupture without CTR intraocular lens (IOL) implantation fixation in our department from Jan.2012 to Dec.2016.The needle crossed into ocular ciliary sulcus, in the equator of the eye ball which suspensory ligament rupture from, then the needle crossed out 1.5mm away from the angle of sclera.Sutures fixed on the IOL, then the artificial lens implantation in the pouch, carried out in accordance with the Z type suture, or to the beforehand prepared triangle scleral flap.The visual acuity, intraocular pressure, the anterior chamber and the IOL position were measured after operations.RESULTS:All of the postoperative visual acuity improved different level.The postoperative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) was ≥0.8 in 4 eyes(20%), 0.5-0.6 in 7 eyes(35%), 0.3-0.4 in 8 eyes(40%), 0.1 in 1 eye(5%) because of the glaucoma optic atrophy.There were 12 cases with mild corneal endothelium edema, 4 cases exudation membrane in the pupil area, 2 cases hyphema, all of which recovered after treatment.There were 2 eyes with vitreous prolapse in the pupil, 1 case appeared mild IOL center deviation and no special treatment for the vision did not be involved.Followed up for 6mo, displaced stitches or artificial lens shift did not occur.CONCLUSION:Without CTR, the IOL implantation and suture fixation in capsular bag during cataract surgery is a surgical method for basic-level hospitals.

Objective To investigate the rates of depression and its risk factors in elderly hypertensive patients and healthy residents in Fuzhou.Methods 882 elderly primary hypertensive patients aged 60 years and over and 1230 healthy elderly residents were assessed by the geriatric depression scale (GDS) and a self-made general information questionnaire, and SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze data.Results The average score of depression and the incidence of depression were higher in elderly hypertensive patients than in healthy elderly residents [(12.43±5.01) vs.(11.53±5.13), 64.4％ vs.55.3％, t=-3.849, x2=16.386, P＜0.01].Compared with healthy controls, scores of depression were higher for all age groups in elderly married male patients, with low levels of education (junior middle school or below), a monthly income less than 2000 yuan, and partial or no medical insurance coverage (P＜ 0.05 for all).Scores of depression were higher in elderly hypertensive patients who had smoking or drinking habits, social activity, hobby, or physical exercise than in healthy controls, (P＜0.05 for all).Scores of depression were also higher in elderly hypertensive patients who had family support, barely enough or adequate family expenses or family support than in healthy controls, regardless of living conditions (P＜0.05 for all).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that risk factors for depression in elderly hypertensive patients were family support, age, medical insurance coverage, family expenses, living conditions, hobbies, and gender, while risk factors for depression in healthy elderly residents were family support, interests, medical insurance coverage, and age.Conclusions The incidence of depression is higher in elderly hypertensive patients than in health elderly people in communityin Fuzhou.Family support, hobbies, medical insurance coverage and age are the common risk factors for depression in both elderly hypertensive patients and healthy residents.Family expenses, living conditions and gender are important risk factors for depression in elderly hypertensive patients.

Aim To investigate the inhibitory and in-duction effects of the active components of SIWU de-coction on cytochrome P450 enzymes ( CYP ) and as-sess the CYP based drug interaction. Methods Ac-tive components fructose, ferulic acid, paeoniflorin, li-gustrazine and their combinations were incubated sepa-rately with human liver microsomes ( HLM) and probe substrates. Metabolites of the CYP probe substrates were determined by LC-MS/MS to assess the inhibitory activities on human CYP1 A2 , 2 B6 , 2 C9 , 2 C19 , 2 D6 and 3 A4 . Sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes model was used to evaluate the CYP1 A2 and CYP3 A1/2 induc-tion. Results The inhibitory rates on CYP1A2, 2B6, 2 C9 and 2 C9 by the test groups at 100 μmol · L-1 were all < 62%, while the activities of CYP3 A4 and 2D6 were not affected. The CYP1A2 activities in the test groups of peoniflorin and its combinations ( 50μmol·L-1 ) were significantly enhanced, with the in-creasing fold more than 40% of positive control group. No significant induction on rat CYP3 A1/2 was ob-served for four principles and their combinations. Con-clusions The active components of SIWU decoction do not show significant inhibitory effects on six CYP isoforms. Peoniflorin could induce the CYP1A2 activity in rat hepatocytes. The induction activity is enhanced by the concomitant use of peoniflorin with ferulic acid and/or ligustrazine.

The metabolic characteristics of ligustrazin (TMPz) in liver microsomes were investigated in the present study. The reaction phenotyping of TMPz metabolism was also identified by in vitro assessment using recombinant human cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) and UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGT). TMPz was incubated at 37 degrees C with human (HLM) and rat liver microsomes (RLM) in the presence of different co-factors. The metabolic stability and enzyme kinetics of TMPz were studied by determining its remaining concentrations with a LC-MS/MS method. TMPz was only metabolically eliminated in the microsomes with NADPH or NADPH+UDPGA. In the HLM and RLM with NADPH+UDPGA, t1/2, K(m) and V(max) of TMPz were 94.24 +/- 4.53 and 105.07 +/- 9.44 min, 22.74 +/- 1.89 and 33.09 +/- 2.74 micromol x L(-1), 253.50 +/- 10.06 and 190.40 +/- 8.35 nmol x min(-1) x mg(-1) (protein), respectively. TMPz showed a slightly higher metabolic rate in HLM than that in RLM. Its primary oxidative metabolites, 2-hydroxymethyl-3, 5, 6-trimethylpyrazine (HTMP), could undergo glucuronide conjugation. The CYP reaction phenotyping of TMPz metabolism was identified using a panel of recombinant CYP isoforms (rCYP) and specific CYP inhibitors in HLM. CYP1A2, 2C9 and 3A4 were found to be the major CYP isoforms involved in TMPz metabolism. Their individual contributions were assessed b) using the method of the total normalized rate to be 19.32%, 27.79% and 52.90%, respectively. It was observed that these CYP isoforms mediated the formation of HTMP in rCYP incubation. The UGT reaction phenotyping of HTMP glucuronidation was also investigated preliminarily by using a panel of 6 UGT isoforms (rUGT). UGT1A1, 1A4 and 1A6 were the predominant isoforms mediated the HTMP glucuronidation. The results above indicate that the metabolism of TMPz involves multiple enzymes mediated phase I and phase II reactions.

Objective To explore the magnetic resonance spectroscopy characteristics of prefrontal white matter in bipolar Ⅱ disorder and its relation with executive function.Methods Thirty bipolar Ⅱ disorder patients and twenty healthy controls were evaluated with Multi-Voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS)scans on prefrontal white matter to assess the N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA),Choline (Cho),Creatine (Cr) and myoinositol (MI),and then the ratios of NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr,MI/Cr,NAA/Cho and NAA/Cho + Cr were calculated.All subjects were assessed for executive function using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST).Results NAA/Cr in right prefrontal white matter(1.43 ± 0.26) and NAA/Cr,NAA/Cho,NAA/Cho + Cr in left prefrontal white matter (separatelyl.40 ± 0.29,1.13 (1.53,0.24),0.62 ± 0.12) were lower than healthy controls (separately 1.58 ±0.18,1.59,0.23,1.30 (0.53 ± 0.29),0.71 ± 0.08) (P ＜ 0.05).The correct trials and the number of categories of WCST in Bipolar Ⅱ disorder (separately 26.97 ± 8.97,3(6,3)) were less than in healthy controls(separately 36.35±4.85,5 (3,2)),and perseverative errors and random errors were more in patients (separately 12.77 ±5.73,7 (21,5)) than healthy controls (separately 7.35 ± 3.01,4 (13,2)).NAA/Cho and NAA/Cho + Cr in left prefrontal white matter were positively correlated with correct trials,number of categories,and negatively related with perseverative errors (P＜0.05).Conclusions Bilateral prefrontal white matter fiber damage occurs to bipolar Ⅱ disorder.And left prefrontal white matter fiber damage in bipolar Ⅱ disorder may lead to executive impairment.

DNA Damage ; DNA Glycosylases ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Repair Enzymes ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective:To analyze the literature of Ilizarov methods, visualizing and discussing the research status, research hotspots and research trends.Methods:A bibliometric study on Ilizarov methods was performed. Using keyword "Ilizarov" and the Chinese translations to retrieve Chinese publications from CNKI database, Wanfang DATA, VIP database and SinoMed database. Using keywords "Ilizarov method, Ilizarov technique, Ilizarov treatment" to retrieve English publications from Web of Science Core Collection database before January 2021, extracting the information including author, journal, country, institution, keywords and cited times. Using the tools of bibliometrics and VOSviewer to analyze the data and draw knowledge maps.Results:A total of 1 789 Chinese publications and 1 709 English publications were included. USA, UK and China were on the top 3 list of the number of publications. Orthopaedic Journal of China, Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics, and Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery published the most literature. 7 English journals were identified as core journals in the field of Ilizarov methods, among which Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (British Volume), International Orthopaedics were JCR Q1 journals. According to the visualized keywords co-occurrence clusteranalysis, the research topics in Chinese literature could be sorted into 6 clusters, the latest hotspots were bone nonunion caused by infection and the treatment for the diabetic foot. In the English literature, the research topics could be sorted into 4 clusters, while the latest topics were infected and posttraumatic bone defects. Conclusion:The number of research on Ilizarov methods is increasing around the world, researches from China are gradually becoming one of the main forces. The research trends at home and at abroad are the same in essentials while differing in minor points, and researches with Chinese characteristics are developing. The strengthening of international cooperation is essential to the development of Ilizarov methods.

Objective To investigate the quality of life (QOL) in elderly patients with chronic diseases living at home and its influencing factors.Methods 1856 elderly patients with chronic diseases living at home were selected by random cluster sampling from two communities.All patients were investigated by SF-36 questionnaire and self-made questionnaire.Results The average QOL scores were (63.8±15.1) in elderly patients with chronic diseases living at home.Scores of SF-36's eight dimensions were respectively (67.8± 22.6) in physiological function,(47.3± 39.4) in role physical,(90.2±14.3) in bodily pain,(52.3±11.9) in general health,(64.1 ± 17.1) in vitality,(74.0 ± 20.9) in social function,(49.7 ± 39.5) in emotional function,(65.0 ± 16.9) in mental health.Scores of SF-36 in each dimension were lower in patients aged 75 years and above than in patients aged 60-74 years (all P＜0.05).Scores of SF-36's dimensions including physical function,bodily pain,vitality,social function and mental health in patients aged 75 years and above were lower in males than females (all P＜0.05).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the major influencing factors for the QOL in elderly patients with chronic diseases living at home were movement,hobbies,age,caregivcr,family support,number of chronic diseases,education status,and alcohol consumption (all P＜0.05).Conclusions The major influencing factors for quality of life in elderly patients with chronic diseases living at home are included demographic,behavior and family factors,etc.Comprehensive community interventions should be taken to improve the quality of life in this elderly population.