BACKGROUND: Collagen type Ⅰ possesses low antigenicity and provides special functions of scaffold structure for cell migration, proliferation and secretion.OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological change after combination of transformed human embryonic tendon cells and artificial materials with collagen type Ⅰ, so as to provide the experimental basis for constructing tissue-engineered muscle tendon in vitro.DESIGN: Randomized and controlled observation.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Department of Transplantation Immunology, West China University of Medical Sciences from July to September 1998. Human hair, carbon fiber and polyglycolic acid were combined with collagen and then set corresponding groups respectively. Simply hair, carbon fiber and polyglycolic acid control groups were set respectively. Artificial materials: Healthy adult hair (30 cm in length, 80 g in weight), carbon fiber knitted strip (Lanzhou carbon factory )and polyglyolic acid fasciculi (Johnson , American) were used in this experiment.METHODS: ①In the group of human hair combined with collagen,nine healthy adult hairs were chosen . Three hairs as one bundle were knitted into tendon with 0.8 cm in length and 0.4 cm in diameter and a knot was tied respectively at the two ends. ②In the carbon fiber combined with collagen group, the purchased carbon fiber knitted strip was separated and made into artificial materials with the same diameter and length as those of human hair tendon. Two ends of the artificial materials were packed with 5/0 silk thread. ③In the polyglycolic acid combined with collagen group, three polyglycolic acid fasciculi were weaved into bundle with the same diameter and length as those of human tendon,and two ends were packed with 5/0 silk thread. ④The process of knitting scaffold materials was the same in control groups as in the corresponding experimental groups. ⑤ Five pieces were prepared in each scaffold material. After sterilized by 60Co, the scaffold materials were put in collagen type Ⅰ solution for 0.5 hour, then taken out and dried at roomtemperature for use in the experimental groups. ⑥transformed human embryonic tendon cell, density for 3×106/mm3, was used for combined culture in each group, and cell number and morphology were observed at different time points after culture under an inverted microscope and scanning electron microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Observation of cell growth and adherence under an inverted microscope ② Observation of cell morphology and material adherence under scanning electron microscope RESULTS: ① Observation of cell growth and adherenceunder an inverted microscope :In each experimental group, at two hours after culture, cells gathered around the materials, and some cells adhered to materials presented round; At three days after culture, the number of cells adhered to materials began to increase, morphology changed from round to oval, and the co-existence of round and oval cells was seen;While in each control group, at two and three hours after culture, few cells adhered to the three materials. On day five after culture, in each experimental group, cell morphology turned into fusiform, the number of cells increased further and a great many fusiform cells grew among carbon fiber materials; while in the control group, most cells presented round and ellipse, and the number of cells was less as compared with the corresponding experimental group. ② Cell morphology and material adherence under scanning electron microscope: On day 5 after in vitro culture, most tendon cells on the surface of materials presented spindle-shape in each experimental group. Apophysis stretched out from the tendon cells, grew along longitudinal axon of the materials. Silk and piece-like substance appeared among the apophysis and weaved each other. While there were fewer cells adhered in control group than in corresponding experimental group, cells also presented fusiform or round, but no silk or piece-like substance was found, also no apophysis appeared.CONCLUSION: Human hair, carbon fiber and polyglycolic acid combined with collagen type Ⅰ will facilitate cell adherence. Cells increase around the materials and co-existence of round and oval cells could be seen, and cells turned into fusiform, suggesting that exogenous collagen facilitate the cells to adhere onto the materials and proliferate.

Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) is a newly discovered member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, expresses highly in the digestive system neoplasms. DcR3 inhibits cellular apoptosis and produces cellular modulation by competitively combining with FasL, LIGHT and TL1A, therefore it deeply relates to the digestive system neophlasm's generation and progression. DcR3 is supposed to be the new tumor-specific marker that may cast the light to the digestive system neoplasms' generation, diagnosis,treatment, prognosis and effect observation. DcR3 is expected to open a new chapter in clinical application.

Humans ; Intestinal Diseases ; physiopathology ; Sepsis ; physiopathology

Objective To make a status survey on type2 diabetic patients with metabolic Syndrome in middle-aged inhabitants.Methods 338 inpatients with type 2 DM including 179 male and 159 female,aged 46?5 years,with complete records in the computer database.Results The prevalent rates of the complications in group of 40～yrs type2 diabetic patients were 17.8% combined with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,50.9% with hypertension,18.1% with left ventricular dilatation,53.6% with hypertriglyceridemia,46.2% with lower HDL,54.7% with obesity and 38.8% with metabolic Syndrome,respectively.These prevalent rates in the 40-year-old group were all lower than those in groups above 60 years,and the rates was higher in patients whose BMI was above 25(kg/m2).Conclusion There was high prevalence in type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic Syndrome,and was related with the age and obesity.Obesity was an independent risk factor for MS.

Objective To investigate the specific CT findings of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).Methods The CT imaging of 12 cases of GISTs confirmed operatively and pathologically were reviewed and analyzed.The gross pathologic findings of the tumors were compared with the manifestations of CT study.Results Two of the GIST were from the stomach,2 from the duodenum,4 from jejunum,and 1 from the junction of jejunum and ileum,ileum,rectum and mesenterium respectively.5 of 8 cases with GIST from intestine had history of hemafecia or positive of fecal occult blood test.9 of the 12 GISTs were malignant,1 of them was potentially malignant,1 was not sure to be malignant or benign.CT studies of 11 of the 12 tumors showed as exogenous mass of 3-20 cm,only 1 with less than 5 cm and 8 of them with over 5 cm.in the max diameter the tumors were cystic-solid with inhomogenous attenuation.The solid potion of tumors enhanced moderately to markedly after the contrast media administered.Ulcer was seen in the tumors of 2 cases,and the diameter of both of them were over 12 cm.Punctate calcification was seen in 1 GIST.Conclusion CT findings of GIST were specific to a certainty.CT study is helpful for locating the tumor and observation of the relationship of the tumor and surrounding structures.

AIM:To study the clinical effect of silica gel drainage tube combined with lomefloxacin hydrochloride eye ophthalmic gel in the treatment of lacrimal duct obstruction.METHODS:Totally 86 cases (138 eyes) of lacrimal duct embolism treated in our hospital from February to December 2015 were divided into 43 cases (68 eyes) as control group and 43 cases (70 eyes) of the observation group according to whether they were treated with lomefloxacin hydrochloride eye ophthalmic gel.Patients in the control group were treated with silica gel drainage, while the observation group was treated with lomefloxacin hydrochloride eye ophthalmic gel on the basis of the control group.The total effective rate, serum hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (h-CRP) level, complications and recurrence rate were observed and compared between the two groups.RESULTS:The total effective rate in the patients with obstructive nasolacrimal duct, common lacrimal duct obstruction, and lacrimal duct obstruction in observation group were 95.2%, 100.0%, 96.7%, higher than those in control group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in preoperative serum h-CRP levels (P>0.05).The serum levels of h-CRP in patients in the observation group at 3d and 7d after operation respectively were 2.40±0.84g/mL, 1.94±0.84g/mL, lower than those of control group at the same time (P<0.05).The complication rate of the observation group was 1.4%, which was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).Follow up for 6-18mo, the recurrence rate was 11.4% in the observation group, which was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The combination of silica gel drainage tube and lomefloxacin hydrochloride eye ophthalmic gel in the treatment of obstruction of lacrimal duct has good clinical efficacy, low inflammatory reaction, low complication rate and low recurrence rate.

Objective To investigate the effects of short-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in newly diag-nosed type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM ) and to evaluate the treatment regimen conversion after CSII therapy .Methods 72 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were treated with CSII for 2 weeks .Then they were randomly divided into two groups :the basal insu-lin group(glargine) and the oral anti-diabetic drug(OAD) group .Both groups were followed up for 2 years .Blood glucose ,insulin and HbA1c were measured before and after CSII and during the 2-year follow-up .Results CSII significantly controlled the glucose levels ,reduced the TG ,TC ,LDL levels and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR) and increased the homeostasis model assessment of insulin secretion (HOMA-IS)(all P< 0 .05) .During 1-year follow-up ,HbA1c in the glargine group and the OAD group was (6 .13 ± 0 .47)% and(6 .21 ± 0 .38)% respectively .During 2-year follow-up ,the HbA1c values in the two groups were (6 .91 ± 0 .57)% and(6 .43 ± 0 .62)% respectively .T HOMA-IR and HOAM-IS obtained the long tern improve-ment without significant body weight increase .Conclusion Short-term intensive insulin therapy can effectively control the blood glucose ,improve the sensitivity of insulin and the β-cell function ;after CSII ,adopting basic insulin and oral antidiabetic drugs can a-chieve the ideal glycemic control .

Objective In order to deeper understand DCIS,improve the rate of diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy.Methods The clinical data of 123 DCIS treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University were retrospectively analyzed in regards to age at onset of disease,clinical features,breast ultrasound examination,mammography examination,pathology,immunohistochemistry examination,and surgical methods.Results(1) The average age at onset was(47.7?9.3) years.(2)The major features on physical examination were breast lump in 79cases,nipple discharge in 19cases,and breast pain with glandular thickening in 30 cases.(3)Among 45 cases that underwent both ultrasound and mammography examination,in 17cases(60%) and 30 cases(66.7%) respectively,might be positive for malignancy,but the difference between the 2 melhods was not significant.With the use of both methods togather,diagmosis of possible malignant lesion was made in 37 cases(82.2%).(4) Sixty-five cases underwent breast ultrasound examination,substantive mass was found in 43 cases(66%),blood flow signals in 41 cases(63%),ductal dilatation in 52 cases(80%) and intraductal spotty strong light beam in 33 cases(50.7%).(5) Fifty-two cases underwent breast mammography examination,which showed sand-like calcification,mass with calcification clusters,localized gland density and breast tumor.(6)The immunohistochemistry examination included estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR),p53 and c-erbB-2,but the rate of positive expressios of those indices showed no significance difference between DCIS and DIS with microvasion(DCIS-MI).(7)Six cases underwent radical mastectomy(of which there were 3 cases of DCIS-MI).Modified radical mastectomy was done in 86 cases,including 59 cases of DCIS,27 cases of DCIS-MI.Lymph node metastasis was found in 2 cases of DCIS,and 5 cases of DCIS-MI.ConclusionsCombined breast ultrasound and mammography can increase the rate of DCIS diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the regulatory effect of OX40 co-stimulatory signal on the expression of Foxp3 in inductive regulatory T cells (iTreg) in vitro.Method CD4+ CD25+ naive T cells were isolated from C57BL/6 mouse lymphocyte suspension by MASC CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cell isolation kit.Inductive Tregs were generated by stimulation of naive T cells in the presence of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ1),anti-CD3,anti-CD28 and IL-2.The regulatory effect on iTregs was shown by use of OX40 stimulation monoclonal antibody (OX86) or control antibody.Using flow cytometric analysis (FACS),we examined the antibody-based identification of Tregs surface markers CD4 and CD25,along with the intracellular activation marker FoxP3.Results The ratio of CD4+ CD25+ nTregs isolated from mouse lymphatic node was (5.0 ± 0.4)％ vs.(71.8 ± 13.4)％ of TGFβ1-driven iTregs.The ratio of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs was (80.0 ± 1.6) ％ in OX40 stimulation McAb group vs.(86.0 ± 1.4)％ in control antibody group.Furthermore,the expression of Foxp3 was (59.2 ± 0.7) ％ in OX40 stimulation McAb group vs.(70.0 ± 0.8) ％ in control antibody group (P＜0.05).Conclusion TGFβ1-dependent protocol may induce the conversion of naive CD4+ T cells into CD25+ Foxp3+ iTregs.OX40 stimulation can down-regulate the expression of Foxp3 in CD4+ CD25 + iTreg significantly.Thus OX40 molecular may become an attractive target in Tregs-induced transplant tolerance.Further study should be performed to increase the suppressive activity of iTregs through blockade of OX40 signal.

Objective To study the anti-tumor effects of griseofulvin on human prostate cancer PC-3 cells both in vitro and in vivo. Methods PC-3 cells were treated with griseofulvin at various concentrations for48 h,cell survival rate was then measured by MTT assay.The changes of morphology were observed by fluorescence microscope; Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit was used to detect apoptosis of the cells ; The enzyme activity changes of caspase-3,8,9 were detected by spectrophotometry.For in vivo study,we first established the PC-3 tumor model by grafting PC-3 cells in athymic nude mice,and then injected griseofulvin into the tumors.12 days after injection,the mice were sacrificed,the tumors were removed,weighed and the ratios of tumor-suppression were then calculated.We had detected the expressions of Bcl-2,Bax,p53 and Survivin with immumohistochemistry as well. Results MTT results showed that griseofulvin could significantly inhibit the proliferation of PC-3 cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner,and the IC50 of griseofulvin was 18.17 ±2.10 μg/ml.Typical morphological changes of PC-3 cells were observed by microscope.The rates of apoptosis of griseofulvin treated PC-3 cells greatly increased compared with that of the control cells (31.37 ± 2.93％ vs 2.89 ± 0.67％,P ＜ 0.01 ).The caspase-3,caspase-8 and caspase-9 activities in griseofulvin treated PC-3 cells were significantly higher than those in control cells (0.562 ±0.050 vs0.113±0.014,0.337±0.053 vs 0.120±0.017,0.293±0.038 vs0.109±0.018,P＜0.01).On the 23th day after tumor vaccination,the tumor volume was 961.17 ± 78.12 mm3 in griseofulvin treated group and was 433.6 ± 12.8 mm3 in control group (P ＜ 0.01 ).The tumor weight was 742.50 ± 78.63 mg in griseofulvin treated group and was 1387.33 ± 71.47 mg3 in control group ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Bcl-2,Bax,p53 and Survivin protein expressions were 16.10 ± 3.45％,39.50 ± 6.88％,48.20 ± 8.04％,16.50 ± 2.22％ in griseofulvin treated group,respectively; 41.30 ± 3.95％,13.70 ± 2.98％,17.60 ± 3.21％,52.11 ± 6.28％ in control group,respectively.And there were significant differences in both groups (P ＜ 0.01 ).The in vivo data showed that griseofulvin suppressed the tumor growth conspicuously through down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2,Survivin,and up-regulating the expression of Bax,p53. Conclusions Griseofulvin can inhibit the growth of PC-3 and induce apoptosis of PC-3 cells.Griseofulvin inhibits the in vivo tumorigenicity of PC-3 cells.