AIM: To investigate the alterations of tear film after sutureless large incision manual cataract extraction (SLIMCE). METHODS: Sixty-eight SLIMCE operation eyes were studied with slit-limp microscope, break- up time (BUT), SchirmmerⅠtest (SⅠt),and fluorescence(FL) to observe the alterations of tear film at different time points in postoperation. Impression cytology and microphoto-analyses technique were also applied to observe the goblet cells at different time points postoperation(7,14,30,60,90 days). RESULTS: Subjective complaint of dry eye within 90 days after the operations were significantly increased compare with preoperations(5-27,23,19,16,13; 2-16,14,8,6,3). The schirmmer Ⅰ test were greatly increased in 14 days postoperation(10.1±4.5;15.0±4.7,13.8±5.7),the mean scores of fluorescence increased (0-17,9,5;0-8,3,1) and the mean break-up time decreased in 30 days post-operation(10.3±2.2;5.5±2.3,7.0±2.4,7.9±2.2) (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: SLIMCE operation have effect on the stability of tear film.

Objective To explore the reconstructive methods of keeping cardiac function after resec- tion of cardiac carcinoma. Methods After anastomosis of esophageal mucosa and sub-mueosa with gastric counterparts, oblique invagination with gastric ehorion and visceral muscle were adopted in experimental group to keep cardiac anatomical and physiological function.Additionaly, tissues around pylorus were suffi- ciently dissociated to keep pylorie function.Contrastively,regular anastomosis with GF-1 26/28 after resection of cardiac carcinoma was adopted to reconstruct cardia,with thread marked 4 intervally used to reinforce anastomotic ostium in control group.The sphincter of pylorus was dilated to prevent pylorospasm and obstruc- tion.Results In experimental group,no anastomotic leakage,anastomotic stricture and gastroesophageal re- flux occurred.In control group,the incidence of anastomotic leakage and anastomotic stricture were 2.8 %(1/ 36)and 50 %(18/36)respectively,and pH≤4 at anastomotic ostium were found in 12 eases,accounting for 33.3 %, and pH≤6 in 29 cases, accounting for 80.6 %(29/36). Conclusion The reconstructive method of keeping cardiac and pyloric function in resection of cardiac carcinoma benefits recovery of post-operation pa- tients and improve their life quality.

To study the protective effect of astragalus saponin extracts (AS) on kidneys of diabetic rats. Totally 32 diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were divided into AS high and low dose groups, the positive control group and the model group (DM group) and orally administered with 50 mg x- kg(-1) x d(-1) AS 200, 25 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) valsartan, 10 mL x kg(-1) x d(1) physiological saline, respectively. Another 8 healthy rats were collected in the normal control group (NC group, physiological saline 10 mL x kg(-1). d(-1)). All rats were treated for consecutively 6 weeks. After the administration, the body weight was measured every week, the concentration of blood glucose was monitored on week 2, 4 and 6. The total urine and total urinary protein (U-TP) in 24 h were measured by the metabolic cage method on week 6; At the end of week 6, blood samples were collected from hearts to detect blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), uric acid (UA) , total cholesterol (CH) triglyceride (TG) by biochemical methods. Kidneys were collect to calculate the kidney hypertrophy index and observe the pathological sections. The laboratory results show that in the DM group, the blood glucose, metabolic cost in 24 h, kidney hypertrophy index, U-TP, BUN, Scr, UA, TG were significantly higher than that in the NC group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) , with significant pathological changes; After the intervention with AS, the metabolic value in 24 h, kidney hypertrophy index, U-TP, BUN, Scr, UA, TG were significantly lower in the high dose group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and the kidney hypertrophy index, BUN, Scr, UA, TG in the low dose group were also significantly lower (P < 0.05), with slight reduction in renal pathological changes in both groups. In conclusion, Astragalus saponin extracts have a certain protective effect on kidneys of diabetic rats.
Animals ; Astragalus Plant ; chemistry ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saponins ; administration & dosage ; Uric Acid ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the effects of estradiol on ~(60)Co?-ray induced apoptosis of bone marrow hematopoietic cells of mice,and to discuss the related anti-irradiation mechanism.Methods:KM mice were randomly divided into 3 groups(15 mice/each group):control group(without radiation),pure radiation group and estradiol+radiation group(ER group).The pure radiation group was irradiated by 4.0 Gy?-ray at a dose rate of 1.15Gy/min;the ER group was administered with 0.1 mg estradiol(IM)at 10 days before 4.0 Gy?-ray radiation;and the control group received no special treatment.The apoptotic DNA segments of bone marrow hematopoietic cells were analyzed by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis;flow cytometry was used to examine the apoptosis rate of cells and expression of Fas and Bcl-2 at 4 h,8 h,and 12 h after irradiation.Results:Eight hours after radiation,the apoptotic DNA segments were obviously increased and apoptotic DNA ladder appeared,which was not seen in the other 2 groups.The apoptosis rate of bone marrow hematopoietic cells in ER group was significantly lower than that in the pure radiation group at 4,8,and 12 h after irradiation(P

OBJECTIVETo analysis the early complications of tibial fracture and its related factors, and propose a solution.

METHODSFrom December 2003 to December 2013,38 patients with early complications of tibial plateau fracture after operation were retrospectively analyzed. There were 35 males and 3 females, aged from 37 to 69 years old (averaged 42.3 years). According to Schatzker classification, 3 cases were classified as type II, 2 cases as type III, 2 cases as type IV, 19 cases as type V, 12 cases as type VI. The intervals between injury and operation ranged from 9 hours to 9 days, 26 cases within 3 days. Fifteen cases were treated with internal fixation of plates and 23 were treated by plate fixation and bone transplantation. Early complications included skin necrosis in 15 cases, infection in 6 cases, osteofascial compartment syndrome in 3 cases, common peroneal nerve injury in 2 cases, the superficial peroneal nerve injury in 3 cases, popliteal artery injury in 2 cases, loss of reduction in 7 cases.

RESULTSThe wound of 14 cases healed at the first stage and 24 cases healed delay. Hospitalization days ranged from 7 to 67 days (averaged 25.6 days). All patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months with an average of 16.4 months. The fracture healing time ranged from 3 to 9 months (averaged 6.9 months). According to Merchant knee function evaluation criteria, the results were excellent in 19 cases, good in 12, fair in 5 and poor in 2.

CONCLUSIONEarly complications of tibial fracture after operation is closely associated with the severe fracture complexity and related with preoperative preparation, surgical timing, operation incision selection and surgical technique. Early detection and timely processing reduce damage.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; therapy ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized clinically by rigidity, akinesia, resting tremor and postural instability. It has recently been suggested that low frequency stimulation of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) has a role in the therapy for Parkinsonism, particularly in gait disorder and postural instability. However, there is limited information about the mechanism of low frequency stimulation of the PPN on Parkinson's disease. The present study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of low frequency stimulation of the PPN on the firing rate of the ventrolateral thalamic nucleus (VL) in a rat model with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesioning of the substantia nigra pars compacta. In vivo extracellular recording and microiontophoresis were adopted. The results showed that the firing rate of 60.71% VL neurons in normal rats and 59.57% VL neurons in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats increased with low frequency stimulation of the PPN. Using microiontophoresis to VL neurons, we found the firing rate in VL neurons responded with either an increase or decrease in application of acetylcholine (ACh) in normal rats, whereas with a predominant decrease in M receptor antagonist atropine. Furthermore, the VL neurons were mainly inhibited by application of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and excited by GABA(A) receptor antagonist bicuculline. Importantly, the VL neurons responding to ACh were also inhibited by application of GABA. We also found that the excitatory response of the VL neurons to the low frequency stimulation of the PPN was significantly reversed by microiontophoresis of atropine. These results demonstrate that cholinergic and GABAergic afferent nerve fibers may converge on the same VL neurons and they are involved in the effects of low frequency stimulation of the PPN, with ACh combining M(2) receptors on the presynaptic membrane of GABAergic afferents, which will inhibit the release of GABA in the VL and then improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
Acetylcholine ; metabolism ; Action Potentials ; Animals ; Cholinergic Fibers ; physiology ; Electric Stimulation ; Male ; Oxidopamine ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ventral Thalamic Nuclei ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution characters and linkage disequilibrium of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) -148C/T, -455G/A and -854G/A in the promoter region of fibrinogen B(FGB) beta gene.

METHODSGenotype and allele frequencies of FGB beta gene were examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and nucleotide sequencing methods in 377 Chinese southern Han individuals. Three FGB beta SNPs Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and linkage disequilibrium were analyzed with population genetics methods.

RESULTSThe allele frequencies of 3 SNPs are in good agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A total of 9 genotypes among the 377 individuals were identified in 3 SNPs. The genotype frequencies of -148CC, CT and TT were 0.597, 0.358 and 0.045, respectively; the -455G/A genotype frequencies were the same as that of -148C/T SNP; the genotype frequencies of -854GG,GA, AA were 0.820,0.178,0.002, respectively. The frequencies of rare allele -148T, -455A and -854A were 0.224,0.224 and 0.092, respectively, while the common allele frequencies were 0.776 for -148C, 0.776 for -455G, and 0.908 for -854G. There were no statistically significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies between the male and female groups (P>0.05). The relationship between -455G and -148C was completely concordant, but there was a random distribution between -854 and -148 (-445) SNPs.

CONCLUSIONThe results show there is a complete linkage disequilibrium between -148C/T and -455G/A and a negative linkage disequilibrium between -854G/A and -148C/T, as well as between -854G/A and -455G/A. This study has provided population genetics data on FGB beta gene promoter in Chinese southern Han population.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; ethnology ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; genetics ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Promoter Regions, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of alpha-galactosidase A (Gla) deficiency on FV Leiden (FVL) associated thrombosis in vivo.

METHODSTo generate the mice carrying mutations in Gla and FVL and analyze the tissue fibrin deposition in organs and thrombosis.

RESULTSIn the presence of FVL, Gla deficiency greatly increased tissue fibrin deposition compared with that in wild-type [Gla(-/0) FV(Q/Q) vs. Gla(+/0) FV(Q/Q) = (0.24 +/- 0.07)% vs. (0.086 +/- 0.049)%, P < 0.0001; Gla(-/-) FV(Q/Q) vs. Gla(+/+) FV(Q/Q) = (0.32 +/- 0.03)% vs. (0.06 +/- 0.005)%, P < 0.05]. With Gla deficiency, the number of thrombi on organ sections in FVL mice was significantly increased [(Gla(-/-) FV(Q/Q) and Gla(-/0) FV(Q/Q)) vs. (Gla(+/+) FV(Q/Q) and Gla(+/0) FV(Q/Q)) = 1.9 +/- 0.7 vs. 0.3 +/- 0.1, P < 0.05].

CONCLUSIONSGla deficiency could be an important genetic modifier for the enhanced thrombosis associated with FVL.

Animals ; Fabry Disease ; genetics ; Factor V ; genetics ; Genotype ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mutation ; Thrombosis ; genetics ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of core strength training on knee joint function and postural stability after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

METHODSA total of 80 ACLR patients were randomly allocated into conventional rehabilitation training group and core strength training group from May 2013 to May 2015 with 40 patients in each group. The patients in conventional rehabilitation training group underwent conventional ACLR rehabilitation training, in which 28 males and 12 females. The mean age was(30.5±5.2) years old(ranged, 22 to 42 years old). The mean BMI was(23.8±2.4) kg/m²(ranged, 18.2 to 25.9 kg/m²). Thirty patients had injuries on the dominant side and 10 patients had injuries on the non-dominant side. The core strength training group received conventional ACLR rehabilitation training and core strength training, in which 31 males and 9 females. The mean age was(31.1±4.8) years old(ranged, 21 to 45 years old). The mean BMI was(24.1±2.7) kg/m²(ranged, 18.5 to 26.1 kg/m²) . Twenty-seven patients had injuries on the dominant side and 13 patients had injuries on the non-dominant side. The Lysholm score, tibial anterior transition measured by KT-1000 before and after treatment, and the Star Excursion Balance Test results after treatment were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSSix months after rehabilitation training, the tibial anterior transition of the conventional rehabilitation training group and the core strength training group were(3.4±1.0) mm and(3.3±1.2) mm respectively, which were less than(12.1±1.8) mm and(12.5±2.0) mm before treatment. But there was no significant difference in anterior tibial translation between two groups(>0.05). The Lysholm score of the conventional rehabilitation training group and the core strength training group were 91.8±4.3 and 92.1±3.9 individually, which were higher than 69.2±5.8 and 70.2±5.1 before treatment. But there was no significant difference in Lysholm score between two groups(>0.05). Six months after rehabilitation training, the results of Star Excursion Balance Test showed the reach distance with the support in the injured side and healthy side in the core strength training group were greater than that of the conventional rehabilitation training group in the eight directions(<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe core strength training could improve the dynamic balance of ACLR patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical and laboratory features of chronic eosinophilic leukemias (CEL) and hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES).

METHODSThe clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters were retrospectively analyzed in 20 patients with HES/CEL. Detection of the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene was performed by nested RT-PCR. JAK2 V617F mutation screening was processed through allele-specific PCR combined with sequence analysis. PCR-RFLP was used to discriminate homozygous from heterozygous mutation patterns. TCR gamma rearrangement was detected by PCR.

RESULTSOf the 20 patients, 19 were males and one female, with a median age of 33 (20 to 57) years. The FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene positivity in bone marrow mononuclear cells in 12 cases was identified. All the breakpoints were identified by direct sequencing of cloned RT-PCR products in FIP1L1 intron 10 - 12 and in PDGFRA exon 12. In CEL the most common involved organs were lungs, heart and nervous system. Splenomegaly was significantly more frequent in CEL than in HES (92.5% vs 42.5%, P = 0.031). Anemia and myelofibrosis were common in CEL. There was no significant difference in circulating absolute eosinophil, leukocyte, platelet counts, hemoglobin level and percentages of eosinophil and blast cell in bone marrow between CEL and HES. The morphological abnormalities of eosinophils on bone marrow smear were easily found in CEL, including hypogranularity, and cytoplasmic vacuolization, increased basophilic granule. One patient with HES was found to have heterozygous JAK2 V617F mutation. Six patients had TCR gamma rearrangement, including 4 CEL and 2 HES.

CONCLUSIONS(1) There is a male predominance in HES/CEL, and the median age was in the thirties. (2) The most common involved organs in CEL were lung, heart and nervous system. Bone marrow morphology might be of a little help in diagnosis of CEL. (3) JAK2 V617F may be involved in the pathogenesis of HES. (4) Patients with CEL carried the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene and TCR gamma rearrangement concurrently, their relationship warrants further study.

Adult ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement ; Genes, T-Cell Receptor gamma ; genetics ; Humans ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Janus Kinase 2 ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha ; genetics ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult ; mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors ; genetics