Because of the neonatal immune system is immature,particularly in preterm and low birth weight infants,the neonate is prone to some infections.Neonatal sepsis usually has the slight performance and atypical clinical symptoms,which raise the great interest of searching for some better biomarkers.With the development of testing technology,the research of serum inflammation marker has made remarkable progress at home and abroad in recent years,however,the research of umbilical blood inflammation marker is still in the early stage of exploration.Umbilical blood detection have the advantages of early,noninvasive,safe and convenient compare to the traditional serum detection.This paper mainly discusses the application of umbilical blood detection to early onset neonatal sepsis.

2,5-DKG reductase I was purified from cell-free extracts of a recombinant,ER97 by a procedure involving ammonium sulfate precipitation and successive column chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and Phenyl Sepharose CL-4B with 5 fold purification,27 % recovery and 3418 U/mg specific activity.The molecular weight of the enzyme estimated by SDS-PAGE was 34kD.The isoelectric point was estimated to be 6.0 by PAG-IEF.The optimum pH was 7.0 and the optimum temperature was about 40℃.The enzyme can catalyze the stereospecific NADPH-dependent reduction of 25-DKG to 2-KLG.The michaelis-menten constant(Km) for 2,5-DKG and NADPH were 0.29 mmol/L and 14.7 mmol/L respectively.The enzyme is specific for NADPH and 2,5-DKG,1 mmol/L Cu~(2+) or Zn~(2+) could highly inhibited the enzyme activity.EDTA and ?-Mercaptoethanol have no effect on the enzyme activity.

Objective: To analyze the constituents and metabolites of Radix Sa poshnikoviae (RS) in rat plasma and urine by rapid-resolution liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-TOF/MS), so as to explore the active ingredients and metabolites of RS in vivo. Methods: The separation was performed on a Angilent Zorbax Extend-C14 (5 μm, 250 mm x 4.6 mm id) column, with a methanol-water mobile phase system used for gradient elution. Time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF/MS) was applied for qualitative analysis under positive ion mode. Based on the accurate molecular weight of TOF/MS detection and the compound list of RS established previously, the constituents and metabolites of RS in different matrix in vivo were identified. Results: Six constituents of RS were identified in the plasma, sucrose, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, cimifugin, nodakenetin, 5-O-methylvisamminol, and 3′-O-i-butyrylhammaudol. Eight constituents were identified in the urine, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, divaricatacid, cimifugin, 4′-O-glucosyl-5-O- methylvisamminol, (3S)-2,2-dimethyl-3, 5-dihydroxy-8-hydroxymethyl-3, 4-dihydro-2H, 6H-benzo-[1, 2-b: 5, 4-b′] dipyran-6-one, 5-O-methylvisamminol, see-O-β-D-glucosylhammaudol, and wogonin. Two metabolites were identified in the urine, glucuronide of cimifujin and an isomer of it. Conclusion: The present method is reliable and effective for identifying compounds of RS in vivo, and it can provide a reference and evidence for the further pharmacodynamics experiments.

Humans ; Tuberculosis, Hepatic

BACKGROUND: Clusterin has many biological functions, especially the great protection effects on histiocytes in pathological conditions. It will be helpful to discuss the expression of clusterin in the spinal cord injury tissue to further identify the mechanism of secondary spinal cord injury and to provide possible treatments.OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of clusterin in acute spinal cord injury tissue.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Experimental Animal Department, China Medical University from January 2003 to January 2006.A total of 65 adult healthy SD rats of 250-300 g provided by Experimental Animal Department, China Medical University were selected. METHODS: All the rat models by modified Allen assay for acute spinal cord injury were randomized into injury group, sham operation group and normal control group with 30, 30 and 5 rats in each group, respectively.The rat injury models in dorsal spinal cord were prepared by modified Allen assay: the target injury site was T10 segment; the sham operation group was given T10 total laminectomy. The normal control group received no operation. Rats in the injury group and sham operation group were killed at hour 12, days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 after spinal injury and operation with 5 rats at each time point, respectively. Frozen sections of the injury part were made at different time point after injury. Degeneration and necrosis of spinal cord injury tissues were observed with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Deposition and disposition of positive reactants of clusterin were observed with clusterin immunohistochemical staining. Average gray value of positive reactants of clusterin was detected with semi-quantitative image analysis (went with the intensity of clusterin immunoreaction in inverse ratio).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Degeneration and necrosis as well as positive expression of clusterin of spinal cord injury tissues of rats in each group. ②Average gray value of clusterin positive reactants in spinal cord injury tissues of rats in each group.RESULTS: A total of 65 rats were involved in the result analysis, without dropout. ①In the injury group, positive expression of clusterin began to increase at day 1 after injury, reached peak at about day 7, declined gradually at day 14 and tended to be stable at day 21 after injury. This dynamic course of change was along with the prolongation of time. The expression of clusterin appeared in the sham operation group and normal control group at each time point, and the expression was stable. There was no dynamic change with the prolongation of time. ②In the injury group average gray value of positive reactants of clusterin was significantly lower at days 1, 3,7, 14 and 21 as compared with that in the sham operation group and normal control group (t=6.33-15.57, P ＜ 0.01 ). There was no significant difference in average gray value of positive reactants of clusterin at each time point in the sham operation group as compared with the normal control group (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The expression of clusterin increases greatly in acute spinal cord injury tissues, and has dynamic change, which is the same with spinal cord injury.

Brain injury is a kind of wound by violence on head, which is a mechanical distortion of skull, meninx, cerebral vascular and brain tissue due to outside force acting on head. Apolipoproteins E (ApoE ) is a major kind of apolipoprotein s, participating in the metabolismof lipid and regulating bal-ance of cholesterol. Some recent investigations showthat gene polymorphismof ApoE is associated with various kinds of diseases. Also its immunoreactivity is changed regularly with brain injury. In addition, ApoE has remarkable effect in neurological normal growth and reparative process after brain injury. This article reviews the biological characteristics and mechanismof ApoE in the repair of brain injury and application prospect in forensic medicine, which may be able to provide newideas for estimation of the brain injury time and related experimental research.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for China in the formulation of international marketing strategy of tradi?tional Chinese medicine(TCM).METHODS:Related literatures were referred to and the current international marketing con?cepts of Chinese traditional medicine in China were analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The internationalized target market for TCM is indefinite,the international market demand is unknown,the propaganda is without a definite aim,and the language platform for international academic communication is insufficient.It is suggested that the target market for TCM should aimed at general nursing,chronic and stubborn diseases,the efficacy and safety of TCM should be verified by control experiment and cost-effectiveness analysis,the international communication abilities of TCM and its practitioners should be improved so as to facilitate the internalization of TCM.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the improvement on the management of defective medicinal products in China.METHODS:The current UK Defective Medicinal Products Guide and drug recall cases were analyzed and its implication on China was discussed.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The mature defective medicinal products management experiences in UK serve as a mirror for drug safety work in China.At present,the drug safety work can be intensified through clarifying the definition of defective drugs,establishing effective information exchange channel for the defective drugs,establishing evaluation system about records of drug complaints,formulating scientific operational strategies for the recall of defective medicinal products and establishing matched information distribution channel.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the anti-tumor and immunologic enhancement effects of Xiangling capsule.METHODS: The tumor-inhibition experiment was conducted in vivo in accordance with the screening criteria of anti-tumor drugs.Mice were treated with cyclophosphamide to induce hypoimmunity model.The effect of Xiangling capsule on mice was tested by determining leukocyte count,thymus index,spleen index,and the activity of NK cells.RESULTS: Xiangling capsules at different concentration showed inhibition on the growth of mice-transplanted tumor S180,H22 hepatomas and Lewis lung carcinoma with inhibition rates of 44.8%,52.2 %,and 43.3%,respectively(P

Objective: To summarize the point selection pattern and treatment method in acupuncture-moxibustion for dyspepsia through data mining of the related clinical literatures in recent two decades, and to provide reference for clinical application. Methods: With data mining technology, clinical literatures related to acupuncture-moxibustion for dyspepsia published between January 1997 and July 2018 were collected from major Chinese databases, and the treatment methods, point and meridian frequencies were summarized and analyzed. Results: A total of 106 studies were included. For meridians, the top 5 meridians used were the Stomach Meridian, Conception Vessel, Spleen Meridian, Liver Meridian and Pericardium Meridian. For point selection, the leading 5 points were Zusanli (ST 36), Zhongwan (CV 12), Shangwan (CV 13), Xiawan (CV 10) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6). For major and adjunct points, the 5 most significant major points were Zusanli (ST 36), Zhongwan (CV 12), Neiguan (PC 6), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Shangwan (CV 13); the 5 most significant adjunct points were Neiting (ST 44), Qihai (CV 6), Fenglong (ST 40), Yinlingquan (SP 9) and Tianshu (ST 25). For treatment method, the top 3 methods used were moxibustion alone, acupuncture alone and acupuncture combined with medicinal herbs. Conclusion: The main meridian chosen in acupuncture-moxibustion for dyspepsia was the Stomach Meridian, and the points were mainly selected from the Stomach Meridian; treatment method was moxibustion alone, which may provide reference for clinical treatment of this disease.