Objective To evaluate the effect of sevoflurane pretreatment on the inflammatory response during renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Thirty pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 12-14 weeks,weighing 220-260 g,were randomized into 3 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),I/R group and sevoflurane pretreatment group (group SP).Renal I/R was induced by clamping the left renal pedicle for 45 min followed by reperfusion in I/R and SP groups.In group S inhalation of 3％ sevoflurane in O2 was started at 30 min before I/R and maintained throughout the experiment.Venous blood samples were taken at 3 h of reperfusion for determination of serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations.The animals were then sacrificed and the left kidneys were removed for microscopic examination and for measurement of the content of tumor necrosis factor-apha (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in renal tissues (by ELISA).Results Compared with group S,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations,severity of necrosis of renal proximal convoluted tubules (0 =normal,4 =necrosis of whole segment of proximal convoluted tubules),and contents of TNF-α,IL-6 and ICAM-1 were significantly increased in I/R and SP groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group I/R,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations,severity of necrosis of renal proximal convoluted tubules,and contents of TNF-α,IL-6 and ICAM-1 were significantly decreased in SP group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane pretreatment can protect kidney against I/R injury by inhibiting the inflammatory responses in the renal tissues of rats.

A new steroid with a long cross-conjugation structure, 15a-hydroxy-(22E, 24R)-ergosta-3, 5, 8 (14), 22-tetraen-7-one (1), was isolated from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus aculeatus. Its structure was established by the extensive spectroscopic analyses, and its cytotoxicities against P388, HL-60, and PC-3 cell lines were measured in vitro.
Animals ; Aspergillus ; chemistry ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Cholestenones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Molecular Structure ; Seawater ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of oligochitosan in promoting intestinal absorption of protoberberine alkaloids in extracts from Corydalis saxicola total alkaloids.

METHODThe in vitro single-pass intestinal perfusion model in rats was established to study the changes in absorption kinetic parameters of dehydrocavidine, berberine hydrochloride and palmatine chloride in C. saxicola total alkaloids after the addition of different concentrations oligochitosan and evaluate the effect of oligochitosan in promoting intestinal absorption of the drugs.

RESULTThe concentration of oligochitosan had different effects on the absorption rate constant (Ka) and apparent permeability coefficient (Peff) of the three active component in rat intestines. Ka and Peff in 0.5% oligochitosan group significantly increased, indicating a stronger effect in promoting the absorption.

CONCLUSIONOligochitosan has a certain effect in promoting the intestinal absorptions of protoberberine alkaloids in C. saxicola total alkaloids.

Animals ; Berberine Alkaloids ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Chitin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Corydalis ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Intestines ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To observe the changes of immunological parameters and the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP),schonlein-Henoch purpura(HSP) and mucocutaneoas lymph node syn-drome(kawasaki disease, KD).Methods T cell subsets and serum immunoglobulins and complements were measured with the flow cytometry and enhanced trubidimetric immunoassay. Routine therapy combined with IVIG. Results CD3+ CD4+ T cells were de-creased in children with ITP accompanied by increased serum IgG;Serum IgA and CD3+ T cells were increased in children with HSP; CD3+ CD8+ T cells were decreased in children with KD. Clinical features were markedly improved after treatment with IVIG. It was noted that the incidence of damage to coronary artery decreased after the use of IVIG. Conclusions T cell subsets, serum immunoglobulins should undergo the clinical routine examinations in ITP,HSP and KD. Early administration of IVIG might be important to improve disease prognosis and shorten its course of treatment in children with three kinds of immunology related diseases.

Objective To explore the effect of nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-?B) on cardiac myocyte apoptosis and understand the molecular mechanism of decrease of heart function in septic shock rats.Methods Twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into the septic shock group and the normal control group.The septic shock group(n=10) were fixed with anaesthesia and made into 1.5 cm slices just along the abdomen midline.Then the roots of appendices were returned to the belly cavity after being ligated and punctured 4 times with the No.14 pinhead.After that,the slices were sewn up layer by layer.After 12 hours,the rats were all sacrificed,the blood taken and the serum separated.In the end,the heart specimens of the septic shock group were set aside.Meanwhile,the normal control group were dealt with in the same way except that they were not subjected to cecal ligation and puncture.Then NF-?B protein levels in cardiac tissue and the index of cardiac myocyte apoptosis were measured.Results NF-?B protein levels in the septic shock group(9 cases were strong masculine gender,1 case was middle masculine gender)elevated significantly compared with the normal control group(8 cases were negative gender,2 cases were weak masculine gender) in cardiac tissue(P

Objective To probe the effects of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B) on cell apoptosis and left ventricular segmental function in acute ischemia repeffusion in dogs.Method Twenty-four dogs were randomly divided into three groups:without left anterior artery (lAD) ligation group (C group),LAD was occluded 30 min following reperfusion 120 minutes in isehemical reperfusion group (IR group),and dogs were administered with PDTC before LAD ligation in ischemical reperfusion plus pyorrole dithitocarbamate group (PDTC group).The left ventricular segmental function was detected by echo cardiography using strain rate anlysis software.EF measured by Simpson's method.Cardiac myocyte apoptosis numbers were determined by terminal deoxynudeotidy transferease-mediated biotinylated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL).lmmunohistochemistry and western-blot anylysis of NF-?B protein expression.Results NF-?B was obviously expression on injury myocardium of IR group,and increased significantly in contrast to control group (P0.05)Conclusions NF-?B might play an important role in acute myocardial ischemia reperfusion.PDTC reduces myocardial iscbemia/repeffasion injury by preventing expression of factor NF-?B.

Full-length NS5A gene of the hepatitis C virus was amplified by PCR using plasmid pBAC25 containing HCV nonstructural gene as template. The amplified fragment (about 1.34 kb) was cloned into plasmid pQE32, and the recombinant plasmid pQENS5A was expressed in JM109 strain. The NS5A protein was purified by NiSO4 metal chelating resin, and characterized by Western-blot. Its antigenecity was determined by ELISA. The positive detection rate of anti-NS5A was 75% (69/92) in ninety-two clinic sera. The positive rate of anti-NS5A was 82.5% (33/40) in fourty positive standand sera, and the negative rate of anti-NS5A was 100% (40/40) in fourty negative standand sera. The results showed that the Full-length NS5A proteinn had the higher sensitivity and specificity in the detection of HCV antibody in sera, we suggested that NS5A protein was a useful antigen for blood screening.

A simple and selective ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) assay was developed for the determination of the human plasma protein binding of four bioactive flavonoids (such as orientin and vitexin) in Polygonum orientale. Protein precipitation was used for sample preparation. Equilibrium dialysis technique was applied to determine the plasma protein binding under physiological conditions. The separation was achieved through a Waters C18 column with a mobile phase composed of 0.1%formic acid in acetonitrile and 0.1%aqueous formic acid using step gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.35 mL/min. A Waters ACQUITY?TQD system was operated under the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode of positive electrospray ionization. All of the recovery, precision, accuracy and stability of the method met the requirements. Good correlations (r40.99) of the four compounds were found, which suggested that these compounds can be simultaneously determined with acceptable accuracy. Results showed that the plasma protein bindings of the four bioactive flavonoids were in the range of 74-89% over the six concentrations studied. The binding parameters containing protein binding affinity, protein binding dissociation constant, and protein binding site were studied. The maximum ability to bind with protein was also determined in the assay in order to understand the drug-protein binding of each compound better.

OBJECTIVETo determine the long-term clinical outcome and predictability of the maxillary sinus augmentation procedure.

METHODSSeventy-four patients underwent 100 sinus bone graft procedure and 206 implants were placed. The patients were followed up for 1-9 years, with an average of 3.46 +/- 1.65 years after implant placement.

RESULTSThe 5-year cumulative survival rate (CSR) of implants was 92.28%. Only 8 implants failed and no sinusitis occurred.

CONCLUSIONSSinus bone graft is an adjunctive procedure with a predictable outcome in patients with severely atrophied posterior maxilla.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Substitutes ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the value of superb microvacular imaging ( SMI) technology in differentiating thyroid microcarcinomas from benign micronodules comparing with contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) . Methods A total of 195 thyroid micronodules ( ≤1 .0 cm) from 172 patients were examined using CEUS and SMI ,and the findings were reviewed and evaluated in comparison to the pathological results . Results Of all the 195 thyroid nodules ,pathologic findings revealed that 140 (71 .8% ) were malignant and 55 (28 .2% ) were benign ,CEUS diagnosed that 127 (65 .1% ) were malignant and 68 (34 .9% ) were benign ,and SMI diagnosed that 129 (66 .2% ) were malignant and 66 (33 .8% ) were benign . There were no differences between the SMI and CEUS in terms of sensitivity ( 90 .0% vs 87 .9% ) , specificity ( 94 .5% vs 92 .7% ) ,accuracy ( 91 .3% vs 89 .2% ) ,positive predictive value ( 97 .7% vs 96 .9% ) and negative predictive value ( 92 .9% vs 87 .9% ) ( P > 0 .05 for all) . Conclusions SMI can effectively observe the perforating blood vessels of thyroid micronodules , which plays an important role in differentiating of benign and malignant thyroid micronodules .