Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of treating Freiberg's disease with dorsal wedge osteotomy and Charlotte breakage screw fixation.Methods From June 2010 to June 2014,11 patients with Freiberg's disease were treated at our department.They were 5 males and 6 females at an average age of 32 years(range,from 15 to 52 years).X-ray revealed osteosclerosis and collapse of the metatarsal head.According to Smillie classification system,there were 5 cases of stage Ⅱ and 6 ones of stage Ⅲ.The duration of symptoms was from 7 to 48 months (average,23 months).The metatarsal heads were rotated to reconstruct the joint surface.After dorsal closed V-shaped osteotomy,Charlotte breakage screws were implanted.Results All wounds healed with no complications in the early postoperative period.The 11 patients were followed up for 14 to 48 months (average,19 months),showing obvious pain relief.X-ray showed that the osteotomy sites got solid union in all patients at an average time of 10 weeks (range,from 8 to 13 weeks) after operation.Average shortening of the metatarsal was 1.5 mm (range,from 1.1 to 1.8 mm).The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS) score,Lesser Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal Scale(LMIS) score,and range of motion at one day,one month and one year after operation were significantly improved compared with the preoperative ones (P ＜ 0.05).Significant differences were also observed between all postoperative time points (P ＜ 0.05).No such complications happened as referred pain from the adjacent metatarsophalangeal joint,displacement,nonunion,necrosis or infection.All patients returned to sports and recreational activities at 6 months after operation,except one case of stage Ⅲ who had constant swelling in the metatarsophalangeal joint but eventually recovered at 10 months after operation.According to patients' satisfaction at the last follow-ups,including 7 cases were excellent,3 good and one poor.Conclusion Dorsal closed V-shaped osteotomy with Charlotte breakage screw fixation is an effective procedure for Freiberg' s disease of stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ,because it leads to effective reconstruction of the metatarsophalangeal joint,allows early joint motion and avoids a second operation.

In order to reaction the quality present situation, problems on the current quality of animal sources of drugs are summed up by using test data analysis, literature search and marketing research. This paper can also help the improvement of the quality management, the revision of the relevant department policy system and the improvement of standards.
Animals ; China ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; analysis ; standards ; Quality Control

Objective To study the male reproductive ability of male rats with Toxoplasma gondii ( Tg) infection and investigate the variation of Toxoplasma infection in seminal plasma of infertile patients and explore its mechanism. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. The rats in the Toxoplasma infection group were administrated intraperitoneally with tachyzoites of Tg. in a dosage of 2 × 10~ 5/ml(2ml) , the rats in the treated group were administered with the same dosage of the tachyzoites and from the second day after the infection they were treated with 200 mg/kg azithromycin for 7 days, and the normal group was given physiological saline. Nine weeks after the infection, the serum sex hormone level, number,vitality, activity and quantity of spermatozoa and activities of enzymes in testa's of the testicular tissues were determined in the male rats. The female rats infected with Tg were matched with normal female rats at a ratio of 1: 2 for one week, and on the 21st day of pregnancy, the number of corpora luteum, sex ratio and the weight, body length and tail length of fetus were measured. The ELISA method was used todetermine the seminal plasma's anti-Tg IgG antibody of the 169 patients with infertility and 35 males with normal fertility. Meanwhile the NO levels in their semina were determined by means of nitric acid reducase. Results The number, activity .vitality, serum level of sex hormones were all lower in the infected rats than those in the normal and treated groups. The number of fetus in the pregnant rats matched with the infected male rats was significantly fewer, but the average body weight, body length, tail length of the fetuses and sex proportion showed no significant difference in comparison with those of the control group. The anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibody positive rate in the masculine infertility patients was 18.35% , being significantly higher than 2. 86% in the normal fertility group(P < 0.05 ). The mean NO level in the semina from the infertility group was (146.68 ± 38. 87) μnol/L , which was significantly higher than (84.92 ± 26.72) μnol/L( P < 0.01) in the fertility group. Conclusion Toxoplasma gondii infection can cause certain influences on the male reproductive ability.

The effects of epigenetic modification on the differentiation of islet cells and the expression of associated genes (Pdx-1, Pax4, MafA, and Nkx6.1, etc) were investigated. The promoter methylation status of islet differentiation-associated genes (Pdx-1, Pax4, MafA and Nkx6.1), Oct4 and MLH1 genes of mouse embryonic stem cells, NIH3T3 cells and NIT-1 cells were profiled by methylated DNA immunoprecipitation, real-time quantitative PCR (MeDIP-qPCR) techniques. The histone modification status of these genes promoter region in different cell types was also measured by using chromatin immunoprecipitation real-time quantitative PCR methods. The expression of these genes in these cells was detected by using real-time quantitative PCR. The relationship between the epigenetic modification (DNA methylation, H3 acetylation, H3K4m3 and H3K9m3) of these genes and their expression was analyzed. The results showed that: (1) the transcription-initiation-sites of Pdx-1, MafA and Nkx6.1 were highly methylated in NIH3T3 cells; (2) NIH3T3 cells showed a significantly higher level of DNA methylation modification in the transcription-initiation-site of Pdx-1, Pax4, MafA and Nkx6.1 genes than that in mES cells and NIT-1 cells (P<0.05); (3) NIT-1 cells had a significantly higher level of H3K4m3 modification in the transcription-initiation-site of Pdx-1, Pax4, MafA and Nkx6.1 genes than that in mES cells and NIH3T3 cells (P<0.05), with significantly increased level of gene expression; (4) NIH3T3 cell had a significantly higher level of H3K9m3 modification in the transcription-initiation-site of Pdx-1, Pax4, MafA and Nkx6.1 genes than that in mES cells and with NIT-1 cell (P<0.05), with no detectable mRNA expression of these genes. It was concluded that histone modification (H3K4m3 and H3K9m3) and DNA methylation might have an intimate communication between each other in the differentiation process from embryonic stem cells into islet cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of low frequency electric deep brain stimulation on amygdale kindling in rats.Methods The amygdale kinkling model of rats was established by operation on the brain.The effects of low frequency deep brain electric stimulation used alone or in combination with anti-epilepsy drugs were ob- served in terms of severity of seizure attack reflected by Racine's scale and afterdischarge duration recorded in electro- encephalogram.Results Fifteen minutes of low frequency electric stimulation at 1 Hz and 100 to 350?A effective- ly inhibited amygdale kindling as demonstrated by a significant decrease of afterdischarge duration,and decreased the severity of seizure attack (P

Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)and advanced glycation end products (AGE)levels were measured in the diabetic patients with or without foot problems as well as in healthy retired people. In diabetic patients serum MMP-9 and AGE levels were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects. Median MMP-9 level in patients with diabetic foot was higher than that in diabetic patients without foot ulcers. Increased serum MMP-9 in diabetes might predict occurance of diabetic foot and poor wound healing of the foot ulcers.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of dysmenorrhea among female college students in Changchun city, so as to provide scientific basis for health promotion and effective preventive measurement. Methods Non-randomized convenience sampling and face to face interview were used to collect information from female college students aged between 17 and 25 years in 14 universities in Changchun. Chi-square test and logistic regression model were used to analyze influencing factors of dysmenorrhea. Results The average age of 1 071 subjects was 21.21 ± 1.83 years. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 86.55%. The proportion of mild dysmenorrhea among the subjects was 62.56%, followed by 33.01% with moderate dysmenorrhea and 4.43% with severe dysmenorrhea; 80.76% of subjects paid attention to keep warm in the daily life. Normal BMI, sleeping before 23 o'clock or between 23 to 24 o'clock, taking exercise frequently or everyday might be the protective factors of dysmenorrhea, and the OR values (95% CI) were respectively as 0.60 (0.37-0.97), 0.56 (0.37-0.84), 0.42 (0.22-0.78) and 0.63(0.42-0.97). Tension and the family history of dysmenorrhea might be the risk factors, and the OR values (95%CI) were respectively 1.63 (1.10-2.41), 4.84 (2.80-8.35). Conclusion The prevalence of dysmenorrhea is high among female college students. Lacking exercise, BMI less than 18.5 kg/m2, staying up late, tension and the family history of dysmenorrhea may be the influencing factors of dysmenorrhea among female college students.

Objective To investigate clinical manifestations,histopathological features and treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) complicated by pyoderma gangrenosum (PG).Methods Data on clinical manifestations,auxiliary examination findings,treatment and prognosis were collected from 8 inpatients with UC complicated by PG in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between July 2009 and July 2016,and analyzed retrospectively.Results Of the 8 cases,5 were male,and 3 were female.Theaverage age of onset was 30.6 years and 35.1 years in males and females respectively.All the patients developed intestinal symptoms of UC before the onset of PG with an average time interval of 5 years.Moreover,all the patients had active total colonic type UC at the onset of PG,including 6 with moderately active UC and 2 with mildly active UC.PG manifested as painful ulcers in 8 patients,and affected lower limbs in 7 patients.Histopathological examination of skin lesions showed typical characteristics of vasculitis in 5 patients.Five patients were complicated by arthralgia.All the patients were treated with glucocorticoids and 5-aminosalicylic acid agents as the basic therapy,3 patients received extra treatment with immunosuppressive agents or minocycline,and 2 with infliximab.Conclusions PG is a severe skin manifestation of UC,commonly occurs in patients with total colonic type UC in the active stage,and mostly affects the lower limbs,with typical histopathological features of vasculitis.

Objective To explore the effect of nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-?B) on cardiac myocyte apoptosis and understand the molecular mechanism of decrease of heart function in septic shock rats.Methods Twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into the septic shock group and the normal control group.The septic shock group(n=10) were fixed with anaesthesia and made into 1.5 cm slices just along the abdomen midline.Then the roots of appendices were returned to the belly cavity after being ligated and punctured 4 times with the No.14 pinhead.After that,the slices were sewn up layer by layer.After 12 hours,the rats were all sacrificed,the blood taken and the serum separated.In the end,the heart specimens of the septic shock group were set aside.Meanwhile,the normal control group were dealt with in the same way except that they were not subjected to cecal ligation and puncture.Then NF-?B protein levels in cardiac tissue and the index of cardiac myocyte apoptosis were measured.Results NF-?B protein levels in the septic shock group(9 cases were strong masculine gender,1 case was middle masculine gender)elevated significantly compared with the normal control group(8 cases were negative gender,2 cases were weak masculine gender) in cardiac tissue(P

Purpose To detect the expressions of stress induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1) and estrogen receptor-α(ER-α) in papil-lary thyroid carcinoma and to analyse the relationship between STIP1 and ER-α. Methods 54 cases of paraffin-embedded tissues of papillary thyroid carcinoma, 18 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma with lymph node metastasis, 15 cases of Hashimoto’ s thyroiditis, 10 cases of adjacent normal thyroid tissue were collected. The expressions of STIP1 and ER-αwere detected by immunohistochemistry, and the relationship between the expressions and clinicopathological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma was analyzed. Results The expression of STIP1 and ER-α in papillary thyroid cancer group ( 55. 6% and 44. 4%) were higher than that of normal thyroid group (10% and 0) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis group (8. 3% and 0, all P<0. 05). STIP1 expressions was related to lymph node metastasis ( P<0. 05 ) , while ER-α expression was related to gender, TG-Ab and the merger of nodular goiter, but not related to lymph node metastasis (P>0. 05). The expressions of STIP1 and ER-α in papillary thyroid carcinoma were not related to patients’ age , tumor location, number of tumors, tumer size, invasion of capsule, the concomitant Hashimoto’ s thyroiditis and TPO-Ab ( all P>0. 05). And the expressions of STIP1 was not related to gender, TG-Ab and the merger of nodular goiter (all P>0. 05). A positive correlation was found between the expressions of STIP1 and ER-αin thyroid papillary carcinoma (P<0. 05). Conclusion STIP1 and ER-α in papillary thyroid carcinoma may be related with lymph node metastasis.