1.Patterns of Enterococcus faecalis in infected root canals: An in vitro study
Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences) 2009;41(6):699-701
Objective:To establish an in vitro root canal model infected by Enterococcus faecalis and to observe the morphology, distribution and relative position of Enterococcus faecalis in infected root canals.Methods: Ten human healthy premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were collected. Following sterilization , a total of 5 specimens were aseptically transferred to separate Eppendorf tubes containing 1. 5 mL brain-heart infusion broth (BHI) inoculated with 0.1 mL Enterococcus faecalis suspension that had been adjusted to Mcfarland 5, and were incubated at 37℃ for 21 days. The other 5 specimens were as controls. The roots of all specimens were then split into two halves along the mesiodistal axis. One half was processed with light microscopic ( Brown & Brenn stain) to check the bacteria in dentinal tubules, and the other was observed with SEM to investigate the bacterial status in infected root canals. Results: Enterococcus faecalis could penetrate into the dentinal tubules about 330-1 000μm. A dense bacterial aggregation composed of Enterococcus faecalis and amorphous matrix was observed in the apical third of the root canals, whereas Enterococcus faecalis were seen free-floating or planktonic in the crown and middle third of the root canals . No microorganisms were found in the root canals of the controls. Conclusion:Enterococcus faecalis could form bacterial biofilm on the root canal walls and penetrate into the dentinal tubules. The in vitro model designed was simple, and had good practicability to make a further comparative evaluation of various antimicrobial methods in the reduction of intracanal bacteria.
2.Diagnosis and early biomarkers of acute kidney injury in children
International Journal of Pediatrics 2011;38(6):586-588
During recent years,International Nephrology and Emergency Medicine Association preferred a cute kidney injury( AKI)rather than a cute renal failure for the diagnosis and intervention in the early phase of AKI,with the ultimate goal of reducing the mortality rate.It is not sensitive to diagnose AKI in the early phase only according to the change of urine output and serum ereatinine.It is reported that some new biomarkers are sensitive and specific and may play important roles for the early diagnosis of AKI.
3.Effects of different carrier gases on the performance of the Ohmeda Tec6 desflurane vaporizer
Shurong GUO ; Yun YUE ;
Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology 1994;0(06):-
Objective To investigate the effects of different carrier gases on the performance of Ohmeda Tec6 desflurane vaporizer. Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱpatients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia with desflurane were enrolled in this study. The age ranged from 37-67 years(mean age 60 years) and body weight from 46-75kg(mean body weight 59.6kg). After induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation anesthesia was maintained with desflurane. The fresh gas flow(FGF) rate of Ohmeda 210 anesthesia machine was maintained at 5.0L/min and vaporizer dial was set at 6% or 3% . The inspired Concentration of desflurane(FIdes) was analyzed by a Datex ULT-V Capnomac. Five different carrier gases were used:(1) 100%O2;(2) 70% O2 + 30%N2O;(3) 30% O2 + 70%N2O;(4) 70% O2 + 30% N2;(5)30% O2 + 70% N2. There was an interval of 10 mm between two different carrier gases and 40 samples were analyzed for each carrier gas. Results Different carrier gases markedly affected the outflow of Tec6 desflurane vaporizer. The inspired concentration of desflurane decreased significantly with the decrease in oxygen concentration of FGF. Nitrous oxide affected FIdes more significantly than nitrogen at the same concentration of oxygen. Conclusions The oxygen and nitrous oxide concentration of carrier gas affects the inspired concentration of desflurane when Ohmeda Tec6 desflurane vaporized is used.
4.Patterns of Enterococcus faecalis in infected root canals:An in vitro study
Journal of Peking University(Health Sciences) 2003;0(06):-
Objective:To establish an in vitro root canal model infected by Enterococcus faecalis and to observe the morphology,distribution and relative position of Enterococcus faecalis in infected root canals.Methods: Ten human healthy premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were collected.Following sterilization,a total of 5 specimens were aseptically transferred to separate Eppendorf tubes containing 1.5 mL brain-heart infusion broth(BHI) inoculated with 0.1 mL Enterococcus faecalis suspension that had been adjusted to Mcfarland 5,and were incubated at 37 ℃ for 21 days.The other 5 specimens were as controls.The roots of all specimens were then split into two halves along the mesiodistal axis.One half was processed with light microscopic(Brown & Brenn stain) to check the bacteria in dentinal tubules,and the other was observed with SEM to investigate the bacterial status in infected root canals.Results: Enterococcus faecalis could penetrate into the dentinal tubules about 330-1 000 ?m.A dense bacterial aggregation composed of Enterococcus faecalis and amorphous matrix was observed in the apical third of the root canals,whereas Enterococcus faecalis were seen free-floating or planktonic in the crown and middle third of the root canals.No microorganisms were found in the root canals of the controls.Conclusion: Enterococcus faecalis could form bacterial biofilm on the root canal walls and penetrate into the dentinal tubules.The in vitro model designed was simple,and had good practicability to make a further comparative evaluation of various antimicrobial methods in the reduction of intracanal bacteria.
5.EML4-ALK fusion gene in tumor
Journal of International Oncology 2014;(7):484-487
EML4-ALKfusiongeneisoneofthenoveltargetsinthetherapyoflungcancer,whichcan be detected in several kinds of tumors.A specific ALK inhibitor has been shown to exert anti-tumor effects in non-small cell lung cancer with the EML4-ALK fusion gene.Correlative study between EML4-ALK gene fusion and EGFR-Kras mutations might cast new insight on the tumor target therapy.
6.USA Legal System for Emergency Management and FDA Organization Chart of Emergency Response and Its Implication for China
China Pharmacy 2001;0(09):-
OBJECTIVE:To provide suggestions for dealing with public emergency in China. METHODS:Through consulting the FDA guidelines for emergency management,the study was done by reviewing literature and comparison study. RESULTS:USA has established complete legal system for emergency management. FDA has established complete organization chart of emergency response with the emergency operation center as its focal point and various centers and offices providing support to resolve all kinds of emergencies. CONCLUSIONS:A complete legal system for emergency management is required in China,the most importance of which is to set up an emergency operation center in SFDA with a set of supporting departments. It is urgent to establish practical emergency response plans.
7.Revelation of American Management System of Drug Import and Export
China Pharmacy 2007;0(25):-
OBJECTIVE:To provide suggestions for the revision of regulations on drug import and export stated in Pharmaceutical Management Law.METHODS:The Federal Food,Drug and Cosmetic Act(FD&CA) and regulations and procedures on drug import & export were reviewed.Then literature analysis and comparison research were adopted in study.RESULTS:Complete legal system for drug import and exports were established in USA.With multiple revision and supplement,items in FD&CA were comprehensive and explicit,which standardized the behavior of import and export and increased sales.CONCLUSIONS:The management for drug import and export should further be strengthened in China with a focus on improving Pharmaceutical Management Law.The most important thing is to implement full supervision on drug imports with flexible import procedure and regulations,and enhance the management for exporting drugs and specific medicines.
8.Expression of ATP synthase CF1 alpha subunit gene (CTL-spn) as screened by the cDNA-SRAP approach is correlated with spininess in Carthamus tinctorius L.
Dandan GUO ; Qinghua GUO ; Yue GAO ; Meili GUO
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2015;50(8):1052-9
The safflower floret is a traditional Chinese medicine used to promote blood circulation and remove obstruction in the channels. The spines on its bracts are considered a handicap when manual harvest is involved. In this study, cDNA-SRAP was used to systematically investigate which genes are associated with the spines. Sixty pairs of possible primer combinations were used on two cDNA pools representing spininess and spinelessness. Six transcript-derived fragments were identified, of which two with low recombination were sequenced successfully and named as GPY-1 and GPY-2. By using the RACE method, the full-length cDNA of GPY-2 is cloned and named as CTL-spn. The full-length cDNA of CTL-spn was 1 679 bp long with a 1 524 bp ORF encoding a 508 aminoacid protein. The deduced amino acid sequence of the CTL-spn gene shared a high homology (97%) with other known ATP synthase CF1 alpha subunits. Semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA of GPY-1 and GPY-2 accumulated in only spiny lines. Considering the important role of ATP synthase CF1 alpha subunit in plants, it may directly take part in the formation process of spininess and enhancing resistance reaction of spiny safflower. Also, our results provide the important insights for breeding spineless cultivars of safflower.
9.Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation via the hepatic artery for the treatment of advanced liver diseases
Xianli GUO ; Yue LIU ; Limin ZHOU ; Yue HU
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research 2016;20(6):848-854
BACKGROUND:Stem cel transplantation is a promising treatment for advanced liver diseases, and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels are a hot topic folowing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels. OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapeutic effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels transplantationvia the hepatic artery on advanced liver diseases in rats. METHODS:Forty-five rats were randomized into three groups, 15 rats in each group: control group, model group and transplantation group. Rat models of liver cirrhosis were made in the latter two groups through subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride. Then, 1 mL of CFSE-labeled adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels was infusedvia the hepatic artery in the transplantation group, and the same volume of normal saline was infused in the model group. Control group had no treatment. Pathological changes, liver function and degree of hepatic fibrosis were observed in the three groups at 4 weeks after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After transplantation, green fluorescence-labeled adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels were seen in the liver of rats. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining showed unclear hepatic lobule structure in the model group with the formation of false lobules, cel cloudy sweling and loose, some degeneration and necrosis, and inflammatory cel infiltration; in the control group, there was nothing abnormal in the liver tissues of rats in the control group; in the transplantation group, the pathological changes of the rat liver were better than those in the model group, but worse than those in the control group. Compared with the model group, the level of serum albumin was higher in the control and transplantation group (P < 0.05), and the levels of bilirubin, aminotransferase and type IV colagen were lower in the control and transplantation group (P < 0.05). Thus, it can be seen that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cel transplantation can improve liver function and reduce liver fibrosis in cirrhotic rats.
10.Progress in research of preparation methods of super paramagnetic iron oxide and the application in cell marking
Yue GUO ; Xiulan LI ; Yang ZHANG
International Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2013;36(3):172-175
Cell transplantation has great potentials in repairing damaged tissue.If we want to use the cell transplants to treat diseases that respond poorly to the conventional treatment,or provide better treatments,in vivo dynamic tracking is particularly important.The application of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) improves a common inconvenience of the current invasive tests including immunohistochemical study or transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study and so on.Researchers has established a variety of preparation methods of the particles,groped the optimal condition of cell marking.SPIO were proved to be feasible and superior in cell tracking in vivo through animal experiments.The results provide the reliable means of using SPIO to track cell in clinical treatments.This review gives a summary of the related study.