Objective To test the feasibility of rescuing 2 impaired nerves by C7 nerve transfer (C7 nerve double-neurotization). Methods Using adult male Sprague-Dawley rats(200 - 250 g),a C7 nerve double-neurotization model was established. At postoperative 2, 4, 6, 8, 12th weeks the recovery underwent muscle-nerve morpholosical, histological examinations and was compared with C7 single neurotization, Results Most of the parameters in double neurotization group approximated to those in the single neurotization groups and normal control group at the end of observation period, thus indicating C7 nerve contains enough nerve fibers to provide sufficient regeneration for 2 recipient nerves. Conclusion Compared to single neurotization, C7 nerve double-neurotization has the advantage of restoring 2 nerve function at same time. This implicates its future clinical application in the treatment of severe brachial plexus avulsion injuries.

Objective:　To report a method and remote therape utic effect of early nerve transposition in treatment of obstetrical brachial pl exus palsy. 　　Methods:　From May 1995 to August 1996, 12 patients who had no r ecovery of biceps 3 months after birth were treated with nerve transposition. Ei ght had neuroma at the upper trunk and 4 had rupture or avulsion of the upper tr unk. Mallet test was used to evaluate the results. 　　Results:　The follow-up of 40-52 months showed that excellent and good recovery in functions was found in 75% of the patients and the excellen t rate of phrenic nerve and accessory nerve transposition was 83.3% and 6 6.7% respectively. A complete recovery in shoulder and elbow joint function wa s in 3 patients and Mallet Ⅳ was in 6 patients. 　　Conclusions:　Satisfactory outcome can be obtained by using earl y nerve transposition in treating obstetrical brachial plexus.Paralysis, obstetric; Peripheral nerves; Nerve trans position

Objective: To investigate the anatomic basis of vascularized ulnar nerve graft by the pedicle of the superior collateral ulnar artery (SCUA).Methods: Twenty-two fresh cadaver upper extremities injected intra-arterially with latex were dissected to study the extrinsic blood supply of the ulnar nerve.Other 6 fresh upper extremities were used to analyze the blood supply range of SCUA inside the ulnar nerve by microangiographic and histological methods,Results: The ulnar nerve was supplied by a branch of the lateral thoracic artery or directly by the axillary artery in the axillary section, by branches of SCUA in the upper arm. And by branches from the anastomosis of the collateral arteries and the posterior branch of the recurrent ulnar artery in the elbow. SCUA could supply the whole ulnar nerve from the axilla to the wrist. Conclusions: The ulnar nerve can be used as a vascularized nerve graft by the pedicle of SCUA in treatment of brachial plexus roots avulsion by C7 transfer from healthy side.

Objective: To learn the human resource development of provincial,municipal and county-level centers for disease control and prevention（CDCs）in Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2017,and to provide evidence for optimizing human resource allocation . Methods: We obtained the human resource data of CDCs in Zhejiang Province from national information system for disease control and prevention,and analyzed the changes in the number of permanent staffs,the number of permanent staffs per ten thousand permanent residents as well as the composition of the age,education level,professional background and title in provincial,municipal and county-level CDCs from 2010 to 2017 . Results: The number of the permanent staffs of CDCs in Zhejiang Province increased from 4 592 to 4 835 from 2010 to 2017. In 2017,the number of permanent staffs in overall,provincial,municipal and county-level CDCs per ten thousand permanent residents were 0.855,0.068,0.186 and 0.600,respectively,all of which did not meet the standard. The main age group of CDC staffs changed from 25-34 years old in 2010 to 35-44 years old in 2017. The staffs of overall,provincial,municipal and county-level CDCs mainly had Bachelor's degrees in 2010,while the staffs of provincial CDCs mainly had Master's degrees and above in 2017. The percentages of staffs who had Bachelor's degrees and above in overall,provincial,municipal and county-level CDCs in 2017 increased to 75.12%,90.36%,80.76% and 71.65%,respectively. The CDC staffs were mainly public health professionals,and the percentage increased from 2010 to 2017. The percentages of public health and laboratory medicine professionals in overall,provincial,municipal and county-level CDCs in 2017 increased to 71.56%,79.17%,70.14% and 71.15%,respectively. The CDC staffs mainly had intermediate title,and the percentage of senior title in overall,provincial,municipal and county-level CDCs in 2017 increased to 25.58%,38.80%,32.99% and 21.79%,respectively . Conclusion From 2010 to 2017,the structure of education level,professional background and title of CDC staffs in Zhejiang Province were further optimized,but there was a lack of permanent staffs and a decrease in the staffs under 35 years old.

Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of SIAH2 expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Methods: The qualitative expression of SIAH2 in 119 laryngeal tissues was studied by immunohistochemical staining. Western blot was used to examine the quantitative expression of SIAH2. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Correlation between SIAH2 expression and LSCC patients'prognosis was analyzed by the Log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to examine the independent predictive factors of LSCC. Results: The SIAH2 expression in LSCC (77.19%) was higher than that in the laryngeal atypical hyperplasia (53.13%) and normal laryngeal tissues (26.67%), and significant differences were observed (χ2=21.02, P=0.000). The expression of SIAH2 was significantly correlated to the histological grade, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The relative expression of SIAH2 in normal laryngeal tissue (1.25±0.04), laryngeal atypical hyperplasia (1.38 ± 0.05), and LSCC (1.44±0.07) was observed to increase gradually (F=61.811, P<0.001). The 5-year survival rate of SIAH2 (+) and SIAH2 (-) patients was 18.18% and 58.33%, respectively (χ2=5.720, P=0.017), and the median survival time of SIAH2 (+) and SIAH2 (-) patients was 25 and 60 months, respectively (P<0.05 ). The multivariate regression analysis revealed that the higher expression of SIAH2 was an independent prognostic factor for the overall survival. Conclusions:SIAH2 may be involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of LSCC as an oncogene. Overexpression of the marker indicated poor prognosis of the disease, a finding which might allow SIAH2 to be used as a potential target gene for the treatment of LSCC.

Objective To analyze the expression and clinicopathological significance of seven in absentia homolog 2 (SIAH2) in epithelial ovarian carcinoma, and to discuss its role in the development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Methods The expression of SIAH2 was determined by immunohistochemical S-P method in 165 cases of ovarian samples and SIAH2 expression was examined by Western blot. In the combination with follow-up data, survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and relationship between SIAH2 expression and prognosis of ovarian carcinoma patients was analyzed by the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to examine the independent predictive factors in the patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma.Results SIAH2 expression in epithelial ovarian cancer (76.4％) was higher than that of borderline ovarian tumors (41.7％) , benign ovarian cysts (5.13％) and normal ovarian tissues (2.86％) , and there were significant differences (all P < 0.05). No statistical significance of SIAH2 expression was found between benign ovarian cysts and normal ovarian tissues (P> 0.05). The expression of the SIAH2 was significantly correlated to histological grade, FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05).The relative expression of SIAH2 in normal ovarian tissue, benign ovarian cyst, borderline ovarian tumor and epithelial ovarian cancer was 0.12 ± 0.05, 0.11 ± 0.04, 0.57 ± 0.08 and 1.05 ± 0.10, respectively. No difference of SIAH2 expression was found between normal ovarian tissues and benign ovarian cysts (P> 0.05). The expression of SIAH2 increased from ovarian tissues/benign ovarian cysts to borderline ovarian tumor to epithelial ovarian cancer and the difference was statistically significant (all P < 0.05).The survival curves of patients with SIAH2 (+) differed from those of patients with SIAH2 (-) and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Multiple factor analysis revealed that the higher expression of SIAH2 was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Conclusions The over-expression of SIAH2 plays an important role in the tumorigenesis and progression of epithelial ovarian cancer. The over-expression of SIAH2 may serve as a biomarker for poor prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer patients.