In recent years,as the incidence rate of stroke in China has been increasing,the number of survivors has also been rising,highlighting an urgent need to improve their quality of life and outcome.Recent advances in bioinformat-ics and genomics have unraveled close links between ischemic stroke and genetic factors.This review aims to elucidate the relationship between the risk of ischemic stroke risk and inflammation-related genes,thrombosis-related genes,genetic polymorphisms in vascular diseases,and oxidative stress-related genes,and discuss the pathogenesis and risk prediction of ischemic stroke from the perspectives of genetic variation,genetic susceptibility,epigenetics,and related research methods.These insights may provide a reference for the etiological diagnosis and personalized treatment of ischemic stroke,so as to improve survivor's outcome and quality of life.

This article reports a male patient，aged 31 years，who were admitted due to sudden-onset speech and language impairment and limb weakness at the right side for more than 7 hours and achieved successful revascularization after endovascular treatment. Etiological screening revealed positive treponema pallidum particle agglutination （1∶1 280） and positive HIV antibodies in serum，as well as an increase in white blood cell count and positive TPPA （1∶640） in cerebrospinal fluid （CSF）. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging of the vessel wall showed inflammatory changes in the vessel wall of the M1 segment of the left middle cerebral artery. After multidisciplinary consultation，the patient was diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke secondary to cerebral arteritis caused by neurosyphilis and HIV infection and was given antiplatelet therapy，benzathine penicillin for syphilis，and antiviral therapy. After 6 months of follow-up，the patient had a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 and achieved clearance of syphilis-related indicators in serum and CSF，and CT angiography confirmed revascularization without new-onset stenosis. The literature review shows that acute ischemic stroke is a common manifestation of co-infection with HIV and neurosyphilis in young individuals，and early syphilis detection in serum and CSF，HIV screening，and timely combination therapy are of great significance for improving prognosis.
Neurosyphilis ; Arteritis