Objective To study the value of SALT method in disaster assistance. Methods A total of 84 internship nurses from 2015 to 2017 were randomly divided into group SLAT and group START and accepted different classification methods training, then checked under the scene of simulated mass casualty events (car accident and earthquake) and the results of the examination were compared. Results The triage time of the SALT group was (8.00±1.36) min, (23.14±1.95) min,less than (10.05±1.34) min, (25.07±2.22) min in the START group in the car accident scene and the earthquake scene and the differences were statistically significant (t=-6.94,-4.23, P<0.05). The accuracy of different classifications under the same scene were compared and there was no statistical significance in the difference(P＞0.05). The accuracy of the triage in the car accident scene were better than earthquake scenes of the both SALT and START classifications and differences were statistically significant ( χ2=10.49, 10.54,P<0.05). The consistency of the SALT classification and the START classification was better (Kappa=0.526, P＜0.01). Conclusions The SALT method has the advantages of simple, easy to master, accurate and reliable. It is consistent with the traditional START method, but the time of classification is shorter and recommended to be used in the teaching of disaster medicine and the rescue of real disasters.

Objective To investigate the present situation of nurses allocation in emergency department in Beijing tertiary hospitals, and provide reference for the optimization of human resources allocation. Methods The cluster sampling method was used and 19 hospitals were selected as the test units. We conducted a cross-sectional study about the emergency department setting, the baseline data and allocation situation of emergency nurses, the reason of nurses for leaving, etc. Results The hospitals with emergency visits >100 thousand/year accounted for 84.21%. The ratio of the number of nurses in emergency and the total hospital beds was (3.97-10.40) ∶100, while the ratios of the number of nurses and beds in emergency department were:intensive care unit (ICU):(0.6±0.3), rescue area:(0.7±0.3)∶1, observation area:(1.9±0.7)∶1, infusion area:(15.7±14.6)∶1 and triage area:(49.0±21.0)∶1. Male nurses accounted for 7.50% of the total number of the nurses, nurses under 35 years old accounted for 79. 30% and nurses with working time below 3 years accounted for 26.12%. The ratio of the primary, secondary and senior nurse was 1∶0.15∶0.01. The risk factors of nurses′quit were working load and personal threats, and the protection factors included the low welfare benefits and lack of professional sense of belonging (P<0.05). Conclusions As a result of overload in emergency department, the nursing human resource is in shortage, and the ratio of nurses and beds is higher than the standard ratio. The current main problems of nurses allocation in emergency department are: lack of male nurses, younger in age of the nursing team, and unqualified. The reasons of nurses′ quit are working load, personal threats, low welfare benefits and lack of professional sense of belonging.

Objective To explore the application of linear programming and assignment model on nursing shift mode, in order to reduce the nursing manpower allocation and reach nurse hierarchical use. Methods In 2014, linear programming was applied to calculate the number of the minimum number of daily work, and then we assigned job optimally according to the average operation time of each nurses. We analyzed comparisons retrospectively in the workload of nursing work in 2013, the number of personnel, skills assessment scores, self-assessment of the work load of nurses, and nursing quality control results. Results There were statistically significant in the differences of Emergency Room ( ER ) visits and times of “120” ambulance utilization in each month′s comparison (P<0. 05); but the total number of staff members had no statistical significance comparing in several years (P>0. 05);the comparisons in working hours, overtime hours, training time, nursing skills assessment had statistical significance (P<0. 05), as well as the nurse′s skill assessment (P<0. 05);all 9 nursing quality control indicators reached the requirements of the Nursing Department of our hospital. Conclusions It can optimize emergency nursing human resource allocation by using linear programming and assignment model.

Organoid models are used to study kidney physiology, such as the assessment of nephrotoxicity and underlying disease processes. Personalized human pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney organoids are ideal models for compound toxicity studies, but there is a need to accelerate basic and translational research in the field. Here, we developed an automated continuous imaging setup with the "read-on-ski" law of control to maximize temporal resolution with minimum culture plate vibration. High-accuracy performance was achieved: organoid screening and imaging were performed at a spatial resolution of 1.1 μm for the entire multi-well plate under 3 min. We used the in-house developed multi-well spinning device and cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity model to evaluate the toxicity in kidney organoids using this system. The acquired images were processed via machine learning-based classification and segmentation algorithms, and the toxicity in kidney organoids was determined with 95% accuracy. The results obtained by the automated "read-on-ski" imaging device, combined with label-free and non-invasive algorithms for detection, were verified using conventional biological procedures. Taking advantage of the close-to-in vivo-kidney organoid model, this new development opens the door for further application of scaled-up screening using organoids in basic research and drug discovery.
Humans ; Kidney ; Organoids ; Pluripotent Stem Cells