Objective To develop the method of analyzing α-radionuclides using large area grid ionization chamber.Methods Ultrasonic dispersion and vacuum drying system was used to prepare sample source,large standard thin source and plutonium plane source were used to optimize the working condition of spectrometer,and calibrate the instrument for analyzing α emitters.The certified reference materials (GBW04127) were used to verify the accuracy of the method.Results The non-linearity of calibration curve for standard thin sources of neptunium,plutonium and americium was less than 0.2％,and the resolution were 112,84 and 106 keV,respectively.The counting efficiency was 31.2％ for the large standard thin source.The values of specific activity measured in this way were in good agreement with those of the certified reference materials.232Th,238U,230Th,234U/226Ra,210Po,222Rn and 218Po were analyzed in a uranium mineral sample,and their specific radioactivity values were 5.3,3.8,35.6,21.4,27.0,19.6 and 11.1 Bq/g,respectively.Conclusions The method can be used to analyze α spectrum quickly in low-level radioactive environmental samples.

BACKGROUND: Training for acupuncture manipulation is an important step from theory to clinical practice in Mongolian medicine. OBJECTIVE: To establish mechanical models related to different Mongolian acupuncture techniques of the upper limb acupoints in a virtual environment, and to demonstrate the Mongolian acupuncture process of upper limb acupoints at multiple levels. METHODS: A professional from the Mongolian Medical College of Inner Mongolia Medical University performed a demonstration for Mongolian acupuncture of the forearm acupoints via perpendicular insertion (needle insertion at a 90° angle to the skin), oblique insertion (needle insertion at a 45° angle to the skin), and cruciform insertion (needle rotation after insertion into the skin). Information was collected with ATP-IV acupuncture manipulation parameter tester within 10 seconds of acupuncture. The scanning conditions were voltage 9 V and current 250 mA, and the remaining parameters were set to the default value. The voltage-time diagram was plotted based on X, Y and Z axis sampling information, and the acupuncture process model was established as previously reported. Biomechanical analysis was performed on the modeling of the Mongolian acupuncture process. The implementation of the research program was in line with the relevant ethical requirements of Inner Mongolia Medical University. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The parameters of perpendicular, transverse, and cross-shaped insertion were measured by the ATP-IV acupuncture manipulation parameter tester. The axial force of the needle raised rapidly after the needle tip touched the soft tissue surface, and dropped sharply, accompanied by the sense of frustration, after piercing the soft tissue. Then the resistance of the needle tended to be flat due to the soft tissue elasticity and friction. These findings were basically consistent with the biomechanical results reported by Okamura. Compared with the complicated acupuncture manipulation of traditional Chinese medicine, the acupuncture methods described in the Mongolian medical literature, characterized by simple operation and simple appliance, only include one three-step acupuncture technique combined with hand feeling and eight acupuncture techniques combined with acupoints.

Description of the tasks provided by the hospital to Beijing Olympic Games and their characteristics, and a summary of the practice and experiences in the course. For example, a general view of hospital mission, reasonable tasks scheduling, and handling of the four relationships. It holds that medical institutions need to take the opportunity of providing medical services to large international events to upgrade and improve themselves, standardize their management, reinforce normalization in medical practice, and better their brand marketing awareness.

Objective To develop a rapid and reliable method for determination of 210Po using large-area grid ionization chamber α spectrometry.Methods Samples were digested using a microwave digestion system.After preparation of sample source,the concentration of 210Po in clam was detected by large-area grid ionization chamber (φ 25 cm).209Po tracer was used to obtain the recovery.Results Large-area grid ionization chamber could achieve better counting and α spectrum resolution when the optimized thickness was 250 μg/cm2.By spiking 209Po tracer in clam,the minimum detectable activity was 9.870 × 10 4 Bq and the recovery of 210Po was 98％.Conclusions Compared with the traditional method,the developed method can avoid separation process,using less quantity of sample (0.2-0.5 g dry) and simplify the measurement process.This method may be has broad application prospects.

BACKGROUND:Surgical treatment is often required for fractures of the cervical vertebrae. Anterior interbody fusion technology is stil the main method for the treatment of cervical degeneration or traumatic instability. Here, the self-made oval al ogeneic bone pad can adapt to different height and width of the intervertebral space, in line with the physiological shape of the intervertebral space. OBJECTIVE:By comparison with autogenous iliac crest bone, to evaluate various types of self-designed al ogeneic bone pads on anterior cervical interbody fusion. METHODS:From January 2009 to December 2013, 58 patients with cervical disc herniation were enrol ed and subjected to cervical discectomy and anterior cervical interbody fusion. According to different bone grafts, these patients were divided into al ogeneic bone pad and autogenous iliac bone groups. The course of disease was 12 to 24 months. The postoperative effect was measured by Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, cervical fusion rate, fusion time, operative time, blood loss and rejection rate. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 6 months postoperatively, the JOA score of two groups had no significant difference at 6 months after treatment (P>0.05);the cervical fusion rates were 83.7%and 87.8%, respectively, in the al ogeneic bone pad and autogenous iliac bone groups, with no significant difference (P>0.05). Fusion time was higher in the al ogeneic bone pad than in the autogenous iliac bone group (P<0.05). The internal fixators in the two groups were firmed without loosening, and there was no rejection during the fol ow-up. Compared with the autogenous iliac crest bone, anterior cervical interbody fusion with al ogeneic bone pad can achieve satisfactory effects, which can be better for intervertebral fusion and cannot induce pain due to bone cutting.

Objective To explore the clinical value of serum ferritin (SF),erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and erythrocyte average indexes [mean corpuscular volume (MCV),mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH),mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)] in the prognosis evaluation of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC).Methods A total of 72 SCLC patients were enrolled in the Haian People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University from January 2013 to October 2016 (SCLC group),and 80 health controls were selected at the same time (control group).The levels of serum SF,ESR and erythrocyte average indexes in SCLC group and control group were detected,and their relationships with clinical features,prognosis and survival time were analyzed.Results The serum levels of SF,ESR,MCV,MCH and MCHC in SCLC patients were (309 ±59) μg/L,(16 ±4) mm/h,(104 ± 12) fl,(32 ±4) pg and (307 ±21) g/L,respectively.The serum levels of SF,ESR,MCV,MCH and MCHC in control group were (186 ±26) μg/L,(15 ±5)mm/h,(85 ± 7) fl,(30 ± 3) pg and (335 ± 25) g/L,respectively.Compared with the control group,the patients in SCLC group were significantly increased on the levels of SF (t =14.168,P ＜ 0.001) and MCV (t =6.143,P ＜ 0.001),and were significantly decreased on the level of MCHC (t =-4.220,P =0.003).There were no significant difference in the levels of ESR (t =1.931,P =0.102) and MCH (t =1.220,P =0.313) between the two groups.The serum levels of SF and MCV were significantly correlated with the stage of SCLC (t =-4.092,P =0.009;t =-4.985,P ＜ 0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high serum SF (OR =5.31,95％ CI:3.09-9.31,P ＜ 0.001) and MCV (OR =1.78,95％ CI:1.10-3.08,P =0.013) were independent risk factors of SCLC.Survival analysis showed that the survival time of the patients in the high SF group was significantly shorter than that in the low SF group (6 months vs.20 months;x2 =6.556,P =0.001).Conclusion Serum ESR,MCH and MCHC levels are not significantly correlated with SCLC,but serum SF and MCV levels are of important clinical significance in evaluating the prognosis of SCLC patients.

Humans ; Female ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics* ; Prognosis ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics* ; Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism* ; Gene Regulatory Networks/genetics*

Objective:To compare the injury of renal blood vessels using different puncture pathways and access sizes.Methods:Between April 2018 and June 2019, eighty fresh pig kidneys were selected to perform percutaneous puncture and dilation, which was used to compare the injury of renal blood vessels with different puncture pathways and access sizes. The puncture pathway included the centerline of the normal renal pyramid (A), centreline of one side pyramid of the fused renal pyramid (FRP) (B), midline of the entire FRP (C) and midline of the renal column (D). The access size included F8, F12, F16, F20, F24 and F30. Histopathological methods were used to analyze the injury of renal blood vessels.Results:The puncture through paths A and B mainly caused injury to the grade Ⅴ and Ⅵ arteries in renal cortex. The puncture often directly injures the grade Ⅳ artery in path C. The puncture often simultaneously injures the grade Ⅲ-Ⅵ arteries in path D. Grade Ⅲ artery injury began to occur when paths A, B, C, and D were dilated to F30, F24, F16, and F12, respectively. The degree of arterial injury among the four different puncture pathways was significantly different in F8, F12, F16, F20, F24 and F30 ( P<0.05). Statistical differences were found between paths A and D in F12, F16, F20, F24 and F30 ( P<0.05), and between paths A and C in F16, F20 and F24 ( P<0.05). No significant difference was found between paths A and B in all access sizes ( P>0.05). Compared with F8, the degree of arterial injury of the F30 in path A and the F24 and F30 in path B were increased significantly ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Vascular injury in path D was the most serious followed by that in path C. Relatively little vascular injury can be achieved in paths A and B. The vascular injury increased when the path B was dilated to F24, while the path A needed to be dilated to F30.

Cystatin, a cysteine protease inhibitor found in many parasites, plays important roles in immune evasion. This study analyzed the molecular characteristics of a cystatin from Fasciola hepatica (FhCystatin) and expressed recombinant FhCystatin (rFhcystatin) to investigate the immune modulatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced proliferation, migration, cytokine secretion, nitric oxide (NO) production, and apoptosis in mouse macrophages. The FhCystatin gene encoded 116 amino acids and contained a conserved cystatin-like domain. rFhCystatin significantly inhibited the activity of cathepsin B. rFhCystatin bound to the surface of mouse RAW264.7 cells, significantly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Moreover, rFhCystatin inhibited the expression of cellular nitric oxide, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and promoted the expression of transforming growth factor-β and interleukin-10. These results showed that FhCystatin played an important role in regulating the activity of mouse macrophages. Our findings provide new insights into mechanisms underlying the immune evasion and contribute to the exploration of potential targets for the development of new drug to control F. hepatica infection.

With the increasing cost of drug development and clinical trials, it is of great value to make full use of all kinds of data to improve the efficiency of drug development and to provide valid information for medication guidelines. Model-based meta-analysis (MBMA) combines mathematical models with meta-analysis to integrate information from multiple sources (preclinical and clinical data, etc.) and multiple dimensions (targets/mechanisms, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, diseases/indications, populations, regimens, biomarkers/efficacy/safety, etc.), which not only provides decision-making for all key points of drug development, but also provides effective information for rational drug use and cost-effectiveness analysis. The classical meta-analysis requires high homogeneity of the data, while MBMA can combine and analyze the heterogeneous data of different doses, different time courses, and different populations through modeling, so as to quantify the dose-effect relationship, time-effect relationship, and the relevant impact factors, and thus the efficacy or safety features at the level of dose, time and covariable that have not been involved in previous studies. Although the modeling and simulation methods of MBMA are similar to population pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (Pop PK/PD), compared with Pop PK/PD, the advantage of MBMA is that it can make full use of literature data, which not only improves the strength of evidence, but also can answer the questions that have not been proved or can not be answered by a single study. At present, MBMA has become one of the important methods in the strategy of model-informed drug development (MIDD). This paper will focus on the application value, data analysis plan, data acquisition and processing, data analysis and reporting of MBMA, in order to provide reference for the application of MBMA in drug development and clinical practice.