OBJECTIVE To study the incidence rate of nosocomial infection and risk factors in our Cancer Center during 2006-2007.METHODS All the reported cases of nosocomial infection from 2006 to 2007 in our Center were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS From the 50011 hospitalized patients,952 were infected.The infection rate of the hospital was 1.9%,with the case infection rate of 2.12%.Infection usually occurred at the respiratory tract,gastrointestinal tract and oral cavity,with the constituent ratio of 48.6%,34.12% and 13.22%,respectively.Cancer,chemotherapy,radiotherapy and surgery were the leading predisposing factors.CONCLUSIONS The main infected site is respiratory tract.Cancer and the clinical therapies may lead to infection,so we should pay more attention to the nosocomial infection in the cancer therapy.

Objective To compare the efficacy of urinary type Ⅳ collagen( Ⅳ C), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase( NAG ), serum cystatin C ( CysC ), β2 microglobulin ( β2-MG ) in early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy(DN) ,and to develop a multiple regression equation using above mentioned indices. Methods One hundred and eight cases of DM patients were enrolled in the study. All those DM patients were divided into two groups according to 24 hr urinary albumin excretion(UAE): non-DN group( UAE ＜30 mg/24 h)and DN group (UAE ≥30 mg/24 h). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC)curve was developed using urinary IVC, NAG,serum CysC and β2-MG,and the efficiency of the four indices for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy were assessed by area under the curve ROC (AUCROC). Furthermore, the regression equation of four indicators was developed. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 13.0. Results The levels of urine Ⅳ C, NAG,CysC,β2-MG,were(3.91±1.93)ng/ml, ( 12.20 ±3.46)U/L, ( 1.18 ±0.41 )mg/L , (2. 50 ±0. 74)mg/ml in the non-DN group, respectively; and ( 14.14 ± 11.17 ) ng/ml, ( 23.12 ± 13.57 ) U/L, ( 2.69 ± 1.69 ) mg/L and(5.21 ± 2.78)mg/ml in the DN group, respectively. There were significant differences in the comparison of the four indicators between the two groups ( Ps ＜ 0.01 ). AUCROC of Ⅳ C, NAG, CysC and β2-MG were 0. 747,0.732,0.764 and 0.823 respectively;which meant the diagnostic efficacy for DN decended from β2-MG, CysC,Ⅳ C, to NAG in order. All these indices showed significant efficiency in assisting diagnosis of early DN ( Ps ＜0.01 ). The regression equation of UAE and the four indices was: UAE = - 242.624 + 6.362IVC + 8.662NAG + 64. 622CysC + 29.488β2-MG, and the equation had statisticl significance( P ＜ 0.O1 ). Conclusion Urine Ⅳ C, NAG,serum CysC, and β2-MG showed significant value in assisting diagosis of early DN, and could be sensitive indices for DN.

Objective To study the clinical significance of urinary type Ⅳ collagen(IVC)and UmAlb/UCr ratio in the diagnosis of early diabetic nephropathy. Methods We collected 52 cases of diabetes(group A)without DN(UAE ＜30 mg/24 h),35 cases of diabetes(group B)with early DN(UAE as 30-300 mg/24 h),and 50 cases of healthy controls. The differences of urine IVC,UmAlb/UCr were compared among group A,B and the control group. ROC curve was used for evaluating the use of urine IVC and UmAlb/UCr in the diagnosis of early DN. The correlation of urine IVC and UmAlb/UCr with UAE were investigated,and linear model curve were established. IVC in urine was detected by chemiluminescence,UmAlb was detected by immunoturbidimetric assay,UCr was detected by enzymatic. Statistical analysis were performed with SPSS13.0 statistical software. Results The urine IVC testing of group A,B and the control group were(2. 64 ± 0. 91),(3.91 ± 1.93)and(10. 08 ± 6. 50)μg/L,respectively. The UmAlb/UCr(mg/mmol)testing of group A,B and the control group were(1.50 ± 0. 40),(2. 58 ±2. 10)and(17.95 ± 13. 38)mg/mmol,respectively. Urine IVC and UmAlb/UCr were significant difference between group A,B and the control group(Ps ＜ 0. 01);the ROC area under the curve(AUCROC)of urine IVC and UmAlb/UCr were 0. 724,0. 945,the two indicators for early diagnosis of DN were significant(Ps ＜ 0. 01);The pearson correlation coefficients of the urine IVC and UmAlb/UCr were 0. 529,0. 919 ,respectively. They were positive and significant correlation(Ps ＜ 0. 01),On the basis of the correlation coefficient and linear model fitting curve with the UAE,the relationship of UmAlb/UCr with the UAE was better than that of IVC. Conclusions Urine IVC and UmAlb/UCr ratio,which significantly assists diagnosis in diabetic nephropathy ,can be used as a sensitive diagnostic indicator of diabetic nephropathy. Moreover,the relationship of UmAlb/UCr with the UAE is better than that with IVC.

Objective　To explore independent risk factors for early neurological deterioration in first-ever minor ischemic stroke without reperfusion therapy,and to achieve individualized prediction by constructing a nomogram model.Methods　We enrolled first-ever minor ischemic stroke patients of non-reperfusion therapy from January 1,2017 to December 31,2019 in the Zhaoqing First People’s Hospital.The clinical and imaging data of the Neurological deterioration group(END group) and the non-END group were analyzed.The independent related factors were screened and the nomogram model was constructed.Results　A total of 384 cases were enrolled,including 66 cases (17.19%) in the END group and 318 cases (82.81%) in the non-END group.Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus,TOAST typing,albumin levels,and cerebral atherosclerosis score (CAS) were independent influencing factors (P<0.05).The nomogram model is constructed and the ROC curve is generated,and the area under the curve is 0.859［95%CI(0.758,0.864)］.Model consistency can be hinted at by the calibration curve and the Hoster-Lemeshow test.Finally,the clinical decision curve indicates that the model has clinical application value.Conclusion　This study explores the nomogram model for END in first-ever minor ischemic stroke without reperfusion therapy,which has some clinical application value,is composed of four major factors:diabetes mellitus,TOAST typing,albumin level and CAS.

Objective:To explore the hematological phenotype and genotypic characteristics of five Chinese individuals with a rare thalassemia mutation HBB: c. 93-21G>A. Methods:A retrospective study was carried out on five individuals identified by the People′s Hospital of Yangjiang and Guangzhou Hybribio Co., Ltd. from May 2018 to September 2022. Routine blood test and hemoglobin electrophoresis were performed, and the genotypes of five subjects were determined by using PCR combined with reverse dot blotting (RDB), nested PCR, Gap-PCR and Sanger sequencing. This study was approved by Medical Ethics Cornmittee of the People′s Hospital of Yangjiang (Ethics No. 20240001).Results:Among the five individuals, hematological data of one was unavailable, and the remaining four had presented with microcytosis and hypochromia. The results of hemoglobin electrophoresis indicated that all of them had a HbA 2 level of ≥4.7%. Genetic analysis showed that one case had harbored compound heterozygous mutations of ααα anti3.7 triplet and HBB: c. 93-21G>A, one had compound heterozygous mutations of -α 3.7 and HBB: c. 93-21G>A, whilst the remaining three were heterozygous for the HBB: c. 93-21G>A mutation. Conclusion:The hematological phenotype of β-thalassemia carriers ( HBB: c. 93-21G>A) is similar to that of other β + thalassemia heterozygotes with mild β-thalassemia characteristics.

The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China are among the highest in the world, imposing a heavy social burden. Liver resection and liver transplantation are the primary radical treatments for HCC, although most patients are no longer able to meet the surgical requirements at initial diagnosis. Yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy (⁹⁰Y-SIRT) has the advantages of shrinking tumors, enlarging residual liver, regressing portal vein tumor thrombus and improving the quality of life, which can be used for conversion, downstaging and bridging therapy for HCC before surgical treatment, enabling patients regain the chance of radical treatment and reducing the postoperative recurrence rate. This review focuses on the clinical application and progress of ⁹⁰Y-SIRT in this field.