[Objective]To evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound screening for degenarative dislocation of hip(DDH)in infant.[Method]Fifty infant hips were accepted for the ultrasound screening and the pelvic radiograph simultaneously.The author measured the ? angle on ultrasonography and the acetabulum index(AI)on the radiograph,then evaluated the data by different criteria.[Result]Forty-two hips were diagnosised as DDH according to the X-ray,but by the ultrasound there only 13 hips were abnormal.The author analyzed the data by paired-sample x2 test,there was significant difference between two methods(P

Objective To know the influence of wanning traditional Chinese medicine dipping for newborns on their sleeping quality and appetite. Methods Divided 600 newborns into the traditional Chinese medicine dipping group, swimming group and the single bath group according to their sequence of birth, there were 200 cases in each group. Different nursing cares were used in the different group sepa-rately. Compared the condition of sleep quality and appetite among the three groups. Results The condi-tion of sleep quality and appetite in the traditional Chinese medicine dipping group was significant better than those in the other groups with few cry and scream. Conclusions Wanning traditional Chinese medicine dipping for newborns can ameliorate their quality of sleep and improve their aapetite.

Objective·To directly detect the bacteria in positive blood culture specimens by the separation gel tube combined with MicroflexTM matrixassisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS),perform direct antimicrobial susceptibility test based on the results of mass spectrometry,and preliminary explore the redesign of conventional positive blood culture specimen processing flow.Methods·449 positive-alarm blood culture specimens of monobacterial infections in clinical microbiology laboratory of Xirhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from September 1,2015 to August 31,2016 were collected and prepared according to the new positive blood culture specimens processing flow.The new redesigned processing flow included smear staining and microscopy,separation gel/mass spectrometry direct identification,bacteria film/mass spectrometry identification,pure colony/mass spectrometry identification,direct antimicrobial susceptibility test,and conventional antimicrobial susceptibility test,etc.According to the results of microscopic examination,identification test,and antimicrobial susceptibility test,level Ⅰ direct microscopic examination report,positive blood culture level Ⅱ (direct identification/bacteria film identification or direct antimicrobial susceptibility) report,and level Ⅲ final report were provided sequentially.Results·With the new redesigned processing flow,bacterial specieslevel identification reports for 82.2％,95.8％,and 100％ of positive blood samples could be obtain at 10 am and 17 pm on the current day and 10 am in the next morning,respectively,and be sent to clinical departments.Initial antimicrobial susceptibility reports for the bacteria that were considered as clinical significant pathogens by preliminary assessment could be provided in the next day of blood culture positive alarm with a higher coincidence rate as compared to the results of traditional antimicrobial susceptibility tests.Conclusion·The time from blood culture positive alarm to the provision of initial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility reports is shorter by 1-2 d for the redesigned processing flow than for the traditional one,which can provide fast and accurate etiologic diagnosis evidence for bloodstream infections for clinicians and is important for improving early diagnosis and treatment of clinical bloodstream infections.

Aim To observe the neuroprotective effect of sinomenine on hippocampal neurons from injury in-duced by oxygen glucose deprivation ( OGD ) and its underlying mechanism. Methods Hippocampal neu-rons were exposed to OGD for 4 h followed by 24 h re-oxygenation ( OGD-R) . Then cell viability was detec-ted by MTT. LDH release was detected by LDH kit. Cell apoptosis was detected by Hoechst stain. The ex-pression of Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 were detected by Western blot. [ Ca2+] i of hippocampal neurons was detected by calcium imaging. Acid-sensing ion chan-nels ( ASICs ) current was detected by patch clamp technique. Results SN increased cell viability and reduced LDH release. SN also inhibited neuron apop-tosis and increased ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and reduced the expression of caspase-3 . OGD-induced increase of [ Ca2+] i was inhibited by SN. Furthermore, SN inhib-ited ASIC1 a current and also inhibited OGD induced increase of ASICs current in hippocampal neurons. Conclusion SN protects hippocampal neurons against OGD-R-induced injury. The inhibitory effect of SN on ASIC1 a and calcium overload was involved in the pro-tective effect of SN.

Objective To compare the efficacy of urinary type Ⅳ collagen( Ⅳ C), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase( NAG ), serum cystatin C ( CysC ), β2 microglobulin ( β2-MG ) in early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy(DN) ,and to develop a multiple regression equation using above mentioned indices. Methods One hundred and eight cases of DM patients were enrolled in the study. All those DM patients were divided into two groups according to 24 hr urinary albumin excretion(UAE): non-DN group( UAE ＜30 mg/24 h)and DN group (UAE ≥30 mg/24 h). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC)curve was developed using urinary IVC, NAG,serum CysC and β2-MG,and the efficiency of the four indices for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy were assessed by area under the curve ROC (AUCROC). Furthermore, the regression equation of four indicators was developed. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 13.0. Results The levels of urine Ⅳ C, NAG,CysC,β2-MG,were(3.91±1.93)ng/ml, ( 12.20 ±3.46)U/L, ( 1.18 ±0.41 )mg/L , (2. 50 ±0. 74)mg/ml in the non-DN group, respectively; and ( 14.14 ± 11.17 ) ng/ml, ( 23.12 ± 13.57 ) U/L, ( 2.69 ± 1.69 ) mg/L and(5.21 ± 2.78)mg/ml in the DN group, respectively. There were significant differences in the comparison of the four indicators between the two groups ( Ps ＜ 0.01 ). AUCROC of Ⅳ C, NAG, CysC and β2-MG were 0. 747,0.732,0.764 and 0.823 respectively;which meant the diagnostic efficacy for DN decended from β2-MG, CysC,Ⅳ C, to NAG in order. All these indices showed significant efficiency in assisting diagnosis of early DN ( Ps ＜0.01 ). The regression equation of UAE and the four indices was: UAE = - 242.624 + 6.362IVC + 8.662NAG + 64. 622CysC + 29.488β2-MG, and the equation had statisticl significance( P ＜ 0.O1 ). Conclusion Urine Ⅳ C, NAG,serum CysC, and β2-MG showed significant value in assisting diagosis of early DN, and could be sensitive indices for DN.

Objective To study the clinical significance of urinary type Ⅳ collagen(IVC)and UmAlb/UCr ratio in the diagnosis of early diabetic nephropathy. Methods We collected 52 cases of diabetes(group A)without DN(UAE ＜30 mg/24 h),35 cases of diabetes(group B)with early DN(UAE as 30-300 mg/24 h),and 50 cases of healthy controls. The differences of urine IVC,UmAlb/UCr were compared among group A,B and the control group. ROC curve was used for evaluating the use of urine IVC and UmAlb/UCr in the diagnosis of early DN. The correlation of urine IVC and UmAlb/UCr with UAE were investigated,and linear model curve were established. IVC in urine was detected by chemiluminescence,UmAlb was detected by immunoturbidimetric assay,UCr was detected by enzymatic. Statistical analysis were performed with SPSS13.0 statistical software. Results The urine IVC testing of group A,B and the control group were(2. 64 ± 0. 91),(3.91 ± 1.93)and(10. 08 ± 6. 50)μg/L,respectively. The UmAlb/UCr(mg/mmol)testing of group A,B and the control group were(1.50 ± 0. 40),(2. 58 ±2. 10)and(17.95 ± 13. 38)mg/mmol,respectively. Urine IVC and UmAlb/UCr were significant difference between group A,B and the control group(Ps ＜ 0. 01);the ROC area under the curve(AUCROC)of urine IVC and UmAlb/UCr were 0. 724,0. 945,the two indicators for early diagnosis of DN were significant(Ps ＜ 0. 01);The pearson correlation coefficients of the urine IVC and UmAlb/UCr were 0. 529,0. 919 ,respectively. They were positive and significant correlation(Ps ＜ 0. 01),On the basis of the correlation coefficient and linear model fitting curve with the UAE,the relationship of UmAlb/UCr with the UAE was better than that of IVC. Conclusions Urine IVC and UmAlb/UCr ratio,which significantly assists diagnosis in diabetic nephropathy ,can be used as a sensitive diagnostic indicator of diabetic nephropathy. Moreover,the relationship of UmAlb/UCr with the UAE is better than that with IVC.

AIM:To investigate the effects of celecoxib on viability , apoptosis and autophagy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines HL-60 and HL-60A.METHODS:The HL-60 cells and HL-60A cells were cultured with vari-ous concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100μmol/L) of celecoxib.The inhibitory effect of celecoxib on the cell viabil-ity was evaluated by MTT assay .Apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin-V/PI staining.Apoptosis-related and autophagy-relat-ed proteins were determined by Western blot .RESULTS:IC50 of celecoxib were 49.4 μmol/L, 32.0 μmol/L and 25.1μmol/L for HL-60 cells treated with celecoxib for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively.For HL-60A cells, the corresponding IC50 were 69.1 μmol/L, 42.5 μmol/L and 29.6 μmol/L, respectively.The results of flow cytometry analysis showed the proportions of Annexin-Ⅴ+PI-, Annexin-Ⅴ+PI+and Annexin-Ⅴ-PI+cells were increased in the HL-60 cells, and those of Annexin-Ⅴ+PI-and Annexin-Ⅴ+PI+cells were increased in the HL-60A cells treated with celecoxib for 24 h. After treated with celecoxib , the induction of apoptosis was observed , the apoptosis-related proteins cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP were upregulated , the autophagy-related proteins LC3 II and P62 were both increased , and mTOR, p-mTOR, 4-EBP and p-4-EBP were not changed , indicating that celecoxib inhibited autophagy in the AML cells without the mTOR pathway involvement .CONCLUSION:Celecoxib inhibits the viability of HL-60 cells and HL-60A cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner by its effects of inducing apoptosis and necrosis .Celecoxib inhibits mTOR-independent autoph-agy in AML cells, indicating a possible way of using celecoxib for enhancing the antitumor activity of therapeutic agents to induce cytoprotective autophagy in the AML cells .

Objective To evaluate and compare yeast identification ability between Bruker Microflex matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry( MALDI-TOF MS) and Vitek 2 Compact automatic microbial analysis system.Methods Retrospective study.Totally 742 strains of yeast isolated from clinical specimens during March 2013 to March 2014 in Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were identified by Bruker Microflex MALDI-TOF MS and Vitek 2 Compact automatic microbial analysis system simultaneously.The strains with discordant results were validated by gene sequencing.Results The coincidence rate of 699 Candida identified by Bruker Microflex MALDI-TOF MS or Vitek 2 Compact system was 100.0%(699/699) and 99.6%(696/699) to the species level, respectively and the coincidence rate of 43 yeast-like fungi strains identified was 90.7%(39/43) and 79.1%(34/43) to the species level, respectively.Penicillium marneffei could not be identified by both two instruments, but protein profile of Penicillium marneffei by MALDI-TOF MS was established.Conclusions The coincidence rate of yeast identified by Bruker Microflex MALDI-TOF MS is higher than that of Vitek 2 Compact system.Using Bruker Microflex MALDI-TOF MS to identify yeast especially Candida and yeast-like fungus is fast, simple, low-cost, accurate, and it can be used in routine work of ordinary yeast identification in clinical microbiology laboratory.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of an endophytic fungus, Nodulisporium sp. A4, from the medicinal plant Aquilaria sinensis and search for antitumor natural products.

METHODThe fungus was cultured in liquid medium and extracted with EtOAc. The compounds were isolated by various chromatographic methods (silica gel, reverse silica gel, Sephadex-LH20, preparative TLC and so on) and recrystallization. Structural elucidation was conducted by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data as well as by comparison with literature reports. The antitumor activity of isolated compounds was tested by MTT method in vitro.

RESULTSeven compounds were isolated and identified from the broth culture, their structures were determined to be 5-methyl-2-vinyltetrahydrofuran-3-ol (1), 6-methyl-2-(5-methyl-5-vinyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl) hept-5-en-2-ol (2), 6alpha-hydroxycyclonerolidol (3), rel-(1S,4S, 5R,7R,10R)-10-desmethyl-1-methyl-11-eudesmene (4), tyrosol (5), 8-methoxynaphthalen-1-ol (6), and 1,8-dimethoxynaphthalene (7). Three compounds were isolated and identified from the mycelia as ergosterol (8), ergosterol peroxide (9), and cerevisterol (10). The in vitro pharmalogical evaluation results displayed that compounds 3 and 4 showed 89.1%, 44.2% and 82.3%, 79.8% inhibition against tumor cell lines SF268 and NCI-H460 at 100 mg x L(-1), respectively.

CONCLUSIONCompound 1 was a new natural product, compounds 2, 3, 7 and 10 were reported from the genus Nodulisporium sp. for the first time. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibited weak inhibitory effects on the proliferation of tumor cell lines SF268 and NCI-H460.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Endophytes ; chemistry ; Humans ; Organic Chemicals ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Thymelaeaceae ; microbiology ; Xylariales ; chemistry

Gastric cancer （GC） is one of the most common cancers in the world， with hidden symptoms， complex pathogenesis， high morbidity， high mortality， and poor prognosis. As one of the classical apoptosis pathways， mitochondrial apoptosis has been widely described in the apoptosis escape by GC cells. Mitochondrial apoptosis can regulate the proliferation， invasion， and metastasis of GC cells via oxidative stress， cell cycle， mitochondrial membrane potential， mitochondrial translocation and other mechanisms， and it is one of the potential targets of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） intervention to restore the mitochondrial function in GC. The theory of spleen-mitochondria in correlation explains that spleen deficiency and cancer toxin are the root causes of mitochondrial apoptosis. Accordingly， the TCM treatment should follow the basic principle of invigorating spleen to restore healthy Qi and removing cancer toxin to eliminate the root cause. Mitochondrial apoptosis can be promoted by inhibiting oxidative stress， promoting cell cycle arrest， and reducing mitochondrial membrane potential. This therapy can improve the energy metabolism， restore the mitochondrial structure and function， and prevent the occurrence and development of GC， with mild side effects and low drug resistance. However， the mechanism of mitochondrial apoptosis in GC and the target of TCM intervention in GC have not been systematically reviewed. Therefore， this paper systematically summarized the effects of mitochondrial apoptosis on the occurrence and development of GC and the role of TCM in the treatment of GC by intervening in mitochondrial apoptosis， aiming to provide a theoretical reference for the treatment and further research of GC.