A morphologic study was performed on the thyroid tissues of Hashimoto thy-roiditis (HT) and subacute thyroiditis (SAT) with histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. The results showed that the number and proportion of Ig and T positive cells were quite similar between these two diseases, suggesting that autoimmunoaction may play an important role in the generation and development of SAT.

Objective To investigate the effects of dendritic cell (DC) and HLA-DR antigen expression in the generation and development of Graves′ disease (GD), Hashimoto′s thyroiditis (HT) and subacute thyroiditis (SAT). Methods A morphologic study was performed on the thyroid tissue of 53 GD with pronounced lymphocytic infiltration, 52 HT and 31 SAT to investigate the pathologic changes of DC and HLA-DR antigen positive cell in the parenchymal cells and intestitial tissue by histochemical, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic technique and statistic analysis. Results The observation on DC and HLA-DR positive infiltrating cell in GD, HT and SAT showed a similar increase with the degree of cellular infiltation. The highest peaks of DC and HLA-DR positive thyroid follicular epithelium were in HT O-type and granulomatous area of SAT. The highest peaks of HLA-DR positive immunoactive cells was in HT P-type and fibrous area of SAT. Conclusion DC and HLA-DR positive cells may play an important role in the antigen-presenting step as well as in their direct cytotoxicity. These processes are related to the pathogenesis of AITD (GD and HT) and SAT. The thyroid follicules may be destroyed in the autoimmune reaction, and initially the patient presents hyperthyroidism and finally hypothyroidism follows because of the fibnosis of the follicules.

Objective:To clone human interleukin-33(hIL-33)and express it in E.coli efficiently.Methods:The primers were synthesized according to the hlL-33 cDNA sequence in GeneBank.The hIL-33 was amplified by RT-PCR from human fibroblast cell line(L929),the PCR product was inserted into pUC19 vector.The IL-33 cDNA confirmed by sequencing was inserted into expressing vector PQE30 and expressed in E.coli M15 strain.IL-33 protein expression was induced by IPTG and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography.The recombinant IL-33 was identified by Immunoblot and its biological activity was analyzed.Results:DNA sequencing confirmed that the cloned cDNA was identical to the published sequence of hIL-33.The recombinant plasmid PQE/hIL-33 was transformed into M15.An expected 18KD protein of hIL-33 found mainly in the induced host strains about 25% of total bacteria lysis by SDS-PAGE and coomassie blue staining.The 18 KD protein could be recognized by anti-IL33 antibody in western blot.The recombinant protein was purified to more than 95% of total protein and induces the production of IL-4 and IL-5 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Conclusion:We have successfully expressed hIL-33 protein in E.coli and the expressed product has IL-33 specific bioactivity.

Objective To observe effects of Glycyrrhiza flavonoids on DNA and RNA in tumor cell of S_(180) and H_(22) tumor-bearing mice.Methods S_(180) and H_(22) mice were randomly divided into Glycyrrhiza flavonoids(25,11.25,and 5.58 mg/kg) groups,positive control(cytoxan 25 mg/kg) group,and negative control(NS) group,whom were given drugs by sc.DNA and RNA in tumor cells were examined,respectively by Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope and fluorescent probe of acridine orange(AO) technology.Results All different dosage of Glycyrrhiza flavonoids,cytoxan reduced the brightness of fluorescence of DNA and RNA;low and high dosage of Glycyrrhiza flavonoids had no significant effect on the fluorescence pixels of RNA/DNA;Both middle dosage of Glycyrrhiza flavonoids and cytoxan had significant effect on the fluorescence pixels of RNA/DNA(P

OBJECTIVE To attend to the importance and issues of using the enzyme cleaner for the reprocessing of medical instrument. METHODS The principle, usage, precautions, and the selection of enzyme cleaner were analyzed. RESULTS The cleaning of the medical instrument must use the liquid enzyme detergent that has the following characters: clear solution, no or low foam, free rinsing, flexibilities to the water temperature, and no limitation to the water quality. CONCLUSIONS For successful cleaning of the medical instrument the use of the high-quality enzyme cleaner is required. A complete cleaning of the medical instrument is the first step to assure the quality of disinfection, sterilization, and the infection control.

ObjectiveTo analyze the change in the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) in the past 27 years and to probe the relationship between iodine and these carcinomas. MethodsStatistical analysis was performed on data of thyroid diseases, thyroid malignant tumors, PTC , FTC and their complications in Department of Pathology from 1978 to 2004 in General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University with Run test、Cox-Stuart test, ANOVA, t or t′ test and Chi-square test. ResultsIn 27 years there were 231837 cases of biopsies (average 8587cases/year). The biopsies were performed in the thyroid diseases as a whole 6276 cases (2.70%),thyroidmalignanttumors644cases(0.28%), PTCs 465 cases (0.20%), and FTCs 80 cases (0.03%) in 27 years. Biopsies in thyroid diseases as a whole showed a descending tendency since 1982 but an ascending tendency after 1995. Biopsy in malignant thyroid tumor did not show a significant change, and biopsy in PTC showed an ascending tendency and that in FTC showed a descending tendency after 1995. The average age, both in male and female patients, at the time of diagnosis of PTC and FTC showed no significant change during 27 years, but the mean age of male at the time of diagnosis was older than that of female. The ratios of male to female in PTC and FTC were 1:3.31、1:2.81 respectively,and showed no significant change either. There were more biopsies with lymph node metastasis in PTC (33.76%) than those in FTC (10.00%) and more biopsies with blood vessel involved or nodular goiter in FTC (11.25% and 13.75%) than those in PTC (0.65% and 4.52%). Mean age of patients with PTC and nodular goiter (44.3 years old) was older than those without goiter (38.1 years old). The ratios of male to female with PTC and FTC with lymph node metastasis were higher than those without lymph node metastasis. ConclusionThe incidence of thyroid malignant tumors in 27 years has no significant change. The contrary tendency of PTC and FTC suggests that the decreasing malignant degree of carcinoma. It suggests that this area is not in high iodine condition and the change have no relationship with the iodine intake.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic treatment of hepatic hemangioma. Methods The clinical data of 27 patients who received laparoscopic treatment of hepatic hemangioma from November 2003 to October 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. The hepatic inflow to the liver or to a hemiliver was temporarily blocked using a Pringle manoeuvre with a self-invented laparoscopic blocker at the porta hepatis or at the pedicle to the relevant hemiliver. The Electriccautery and ultracision were used for liver transaction. Results Laparoscopic treatment of hepatic hemangioma was successfully performed in 25 patients. Conversion to laparotomy was required in two (8%) patients for uncontrollable bleeding. There were no major postoperative complications and no mortality. The mean tumor diameter was (6.34±2. 17) cm. The operating time was ( 105.21 ±72.76)min. The time of hepatic inflow block was (10. 17±12. 21)min. The blood loss was (115. 5±212.14)ml. The volume of blood transfusion was (0. 87 ± 1.45)U. The volume of postoperative drainage was (112.60±201.03)ml. The time taken to return to normal activity was (2. 0±0. 8) days.The length of postoperative hospital stay was (5.5±2.4) days. The length of total hospital stay was (12. 5 ±5.3) days. The total cost was RMB10041.6±8678. 7. Conclusion In selected patients, laparoscopic treatment of hepatic hemangioma was safe and feasible.

Developing countries are facing a big challenge of how to promote sexual and reproductive healthe Poverty erasion.reproductive health service promotion,schools and communities intervention,discussion between children and their parents encouragment are helpful to solve the sexual and reproductive problems with the adolescents

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between expression of cell adhesion molecular CD44, epithelial cadherin (E-cad) and metastatic suppressor gene nm23-H1 as well as the clinicopathologic features including cell differentiation, invasion and metastasis of thyroid follicular-derived carcinoma.

METHODSForty two (42) thyroid follicular carcinomas (FTC) and 54 papillary carcinomas (PTC) were collected for studying the expression of CD44, E-cad and nm23-H1 using immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSNeoplastic epithelium and infiltrating lymphocyte expressed CD44 in an intense plasma membrane pattern. CD44 expression rates in poorly differentiated FTC (80%) and PTC cases with metastasis (78%) were significantly higher than those of well-differentiated FTC cases (64%) and PTC without metastasis cases (59%) respectively. Thyroid carcinoma tissue was positive for E-cad and nm23-H1 in a cytoplasm pattern. Well-differentiated FTC presented a higher E-cad and nm23-H1 expression rate than poorly-differentiated FTC, but both had a lower expression rate than that of PTC (70% and 76%, P < 0.01). The expression rate and intensity of E-cad and nm23-H1 were lower and less in metastatic PTC than those in primary PTC. Expression rate of CD44 (72%) in thyroid follicular-derived carcinoma was higher than those of E-cad (54%, P < 0.01) and nm23-H1 (61%, P < 0.05). E-cad expression was adversely correlated with that of nm23-H1 (chi(2) = 15.75, P < 0.011, r = 0.522 2). There was a reverse relationship between expression of CD44 and E-cad or nm23 (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCell differentiation degree in FTC and metastasis in PTC have positive correlation with the expression of E-cad and nm23, but have a reverse correlation with the expression of CD44. There was a relationship between expression of CD44, E-cad, nm23 and the characteristics of the degree of differentiation, metastatic potential and the prognosis of thyroid follicular-derived carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Cadherins ; analysis ; Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular ; chemistry ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; analysis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins ; analysis ; NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; chemistry ; pathology ; Transcription Factors ; analysis

AIM: To investigate the effect of tea polyphenols (TP) on alcohol-induced liver injury in mice.METHODS: 40% alcohol(0 5 mL) and TP (5 mg) were administered intragastrically, the liver MDA level and serum alanine transaminase (ALT) activity were determined. The effect of TP on MDA level in alcohol-treated liver in vitro was also examined.RESULTS: Pretreatment with TP significantly inhibited alcohol-induced liver MDA increase in mice in vivo and in vitro , the increase in serum ALT induced by alcohol was also reduced by pretreatment with TP (0 5 mg). TP at a dose of 5 mg, administered 1 h after alcohol treatment, also suppressed increase in liver MDA level stimulated by alcohol. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that TP has a protective effect on alcohol-induced liver injury in mice.