Objective To provide accurate bone tunnel positioning reference for clinical individual anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction by three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of femoral and tibial original footprint of ACL.Methods Forty volunteers were selected for this study,including 20 males and 20 females,and aged 18 to 35 years old.3D CT scanning images of knee data were obtained.3D bone models of knee and footprint of ACL were reconstructed.On the 3D reconstruction models,the shape and position of original footprint of ACL were displayed.Statistical significance was compared for their difference.Results Femoral original footprint of ACL,long axis of footprint,distances to the distal margin of the articular cartilage (DDCM),distances to the posterior margin of the articular cartilage (DPCM),double bundle center distance,and tibial original footprint short axis of ACL were significantly different between genders (P ＜ 0.05).However,no significant difference was found between genders for tibial original footprint long axis of ACL (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The insertion mark shape and nature position of footprint of ACL could be observed by 3D reconstruction using CT scan images.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of laparoscopic-assisted transanal pull-through resection and anastomosis in the treatment of ultra-low rectal cancer.Methods From November 2005 to December 2006,21 patients with ultra-low rectal cancer had undergone laparoscopic-assisted transanal pull-through resection and anastomosis in Southwest Hospital.The perioperative condition,postoperative complications and the result of follow-up were retrospectively analyzed.Results The operation was successfully performed on all the patients.The mean operation time and postoperative hospital stay were(216±25)minutes(170-260 minutes)and(9.4±1.0)days(7-11 days),respectively.The time needed for the recovery of gastrointestina]function was(65±14)hours(38-88 hours).The mean perioperative blood loss was(140±49)ml(80-250 ml).All the patients were followed up for(22±4)months(15-28 months),and no anastomotic bleeding or fistula was observed.Six patients developed mild to moderate anastomotic striclure,1 local recurrence and 1 liver metastasis.Conclusions Laparoscopic-assisted transanal pull-through resection and anastomosis for ultra-low rectal cancer is safe and feasible,and the short-term effect is satisfactory.

Advanced gastric cancer is usually dealt with D2 radical dissection. There are different opinions as to whether it is necessary to perform D3 radical lymphadenectomy.Some scholars thought that properly enlarged radical dissection can improve long-term outcomes for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.In recent years,laparoscopic D1 and D2 radical dissection of gastric cancer could be carried out in many hospitals.However,the technique and related skills for performing D3 radical lymphadeneetomy through laparoscope remains to be explored.Based on our previous experiences,D3 radical lymphadeneetomy using artery suspension method and medial-to-lateral approach for advanced gastric cancer is proved to be safe and feasihle.

Objective To construct lentivirus containing CXCR4 gene and transfect MCF-7 cells , and obtain CXCR4 high-expressing MCF-7 cells. Methods CXCR4 gene was amplified by RT-PCR to construct CXCR4/pSin-EF2, which was transfected into HEK293T cells with psPAX2 and pMD2G vector for lentivirus packing. Packaged lentivirus was used to transfect human breast cancer cells MCF-7, with empty lentivirus as control. CXCR4 mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot before and after transfection. And flow cytometry was used to detecte cell surface CXCR4 expression. Results The recombinant plasmid CXCR4/pSin-EF2 was constructed successfully,identified by double digestion and sequencing, and transfected into HEK293T cells to obtain high-titer lentivirus. RT-PCR and Western blot confirmed that the expression of CXCR4 in MCF-7 cells increased significantly after CXCR4 lentivirus transfection. Flow cytometry results showed that the CXCR4 positive rate increased from 26.78% to 99.29%, while there is no significant difference in CXCR4 expression between vector-transfected MCF-7 cells and non-transfected MCF-7 cells. Conclusion CXCR4 lentivirus and the breast cancer cell line with high and stable expression of CXCR4 (MCF-7CXCR4) were successfully constructed.

Objective To explore the safe bone channels for transverse placement of sacroiliac screws via the second sacral vertebra in the fixation of longitudinal fracture of the sacrum by digital analysis and clinical observation.Methods Firstly,abdomen CT scanning was performed in 50 healthy adult volunteers.They were 30 males and 20 females,aged from 18 to 56 years (mean,34.6 years).After their CT images were transformed by software Materialise Mimics Innovation Suite 15.0,three-dimensional (3D) models of the pelvis were generated,stored in stereolithography format,and transferred into software Imageware 12.0.In the standard antero-posterior position,the sacrum was segmented and the points of 2D image coordinate geometric boundary were extracted to generate an optimal channel for transverse placement of sacroiliac screws via the second sacral vertebra.Secondly,we admitted 10 patients with longitudinal fracture of the sacrum.They were 7 men and 3 women,aged from 20 to 51 years (average,38.3 years).By Tile classification,4 cases were type B2 and 6 type C1.All the fractures were Denis region Ⅱ ones.Pubic ramus fracture was complicated in 3 cases.After traction reduction of the tibial tubercle was conducted for patients with obvious displacement,the optimal channel was calculated on the basis of the CT data.On the lateral images of the sacrum acquired before operation by C-arm fluoroscopy,the optimal channel for transverse placement of sacroiliac screws via the second sacral vertebra was located.After the skin was marked,2.5 mm Kirschner wire was drilled and the 6.0 mm hollow screws were fixated along the Kirschner wire.Postoperative CT scanning images and 3D reconstructed models were analyzed to validate the accuracy of screw placement.Results The projection of safety bone channel on the sagittal fluoroscopy of S2 vertebral body displayed an irregular water drop shape;the projection area in males (213.9 ± 52.4 mm2) was significantly larger than that in the females (171.6 ±49.6 mm2) (P ＜ 0.05).The average length of the channel in men (135.2 ± 12.9 mm) was significantly longer than that in women (121.1 ± 10.1 mm);the average diameter of the screw in men (10.2 ± 0.9 mm) was also significantly larger than that in women (9.1 ±0.8 mm) (P ＜ 0.05).The postoperative X-ray and CT scanning images showed satisfactory positions and lengths of the screws.The screw lengths averaged 98.2 mm;the operation time averaged 25.6 min.No nerve or vascular injury,loosening or breakage of the sacroiliac screws occurred in the patients.Follow-ups for 12 to 24 months revealed no other complications.Conclusion The safety channel for transverse placement of sacroiliac screws via the second sacral vertebra can be determined using the lateral 3D reconstruction images of the sacrum in preoperative planning,which facilitates the percutaneous transverse fixation of longitudinal fracture of the sacrum.

We conducted the detection the Francisella spp.nucle acid from Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum that main distribution is on railway line area from China-Kazakhstan border.The free-living ticks were collected and then identified by morphological and molecular methods.After species identification,they were detected by PCR targeting 16S rRNA and sdhA of Francisella spp.The amplified products were sequenced and the sequences was analyzed by using the Blast.A phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA 6 software.A total of 243 fleas were identified as H.asiaticum asiaticum.Only 35 samples were detected for Francisella spp.positive and the positive rate was 14.4％.Sequence analysis showed that two different sequences (seql and seq2) and all belong to Francisella-like endosymbionts (FLEs).Phylogenetic analyses showed that two FLEs were belong to the same cladd.This is first detection of FLEs nucleic acid from H.asiaticum Railway line area of China-Kazakhstan border.

The operation path, lymph node dissection and reconstruction of the alimentary tract are the three most technical difficulties of laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy. The essential difference between laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy and open gastrectomy is the operation path. Based on our clinical experience, we investigated reasonable paths for laparoscopyassisted gastrectomy. Patients were placed in a supine position with their legs apart, and the operator stood on the left side of the patient. Five trocars were placed in the abdominal wall in a curved line. The operation was carried out in the order of greater gastric curvature, the lower region of the pylorus and antrum,the upper region of the pancreas, omentum minus, cardia, and arcuate diaphragm. From May 2004 to April 2010, we successfully carried out 761 laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomies with satisfactory outcomes.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility, safety and the long-termoutcomes of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) for advanced gastric cancer (AGC).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical and follow-up data of 346 cases after LADG from January 2004 to June 2009, compared with 313 cases after conventional open distal gastrectomy (ODG) for advanced gastric cancer at the same period at our hospital. The surgical safety, postoperative complications, survival rate, and the recurrence and metastasis of cancer were compared.ResultsThere was no significant difference at the average time of LADG and ODG procedures (211 ± 56) min vs.(204 ±41 ) min, but blood loss during operation and length of incision in LADG group were significantly less than in the ODG group. The proximal and distal length were, respectively, (6. 3 ± 2. 0) cm and (5. 7 ± 1.7 ) cm in LADG group and (6. 3 ±2. 1 ) cm and (5.6 ± 1.6) cm in ODG group, the difference was not significant. The number of lymph node dissections was also similar: (33 ± 13) in LADG group and (33 ± 16) in ODG group. The incidence of postoperative complications in LADG group was significantly lower than that in ODG group ( 6. 7％ vs.13. 1％, P ＜ 0. 05). During the follow-up period of 6-72 months (average 37 months), the 1-, 3-and 5-year survival rates were, respectively, 87. 2％, 57. 2％ and 50. 3％ in LADG group and 87. 1％, 54. 1％and 49. 2％ in ODG group, the difference was not significant. The differences in recurrence and metastasis between the two groups were not statistically significant.ConclsionLaparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer is not significantly different with open surgery in postoperative survival rate or recurrence. It is less traumatic and of fewer complications.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effect and molecular mechanism of solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5) -tetraspanin superfamily member 1 (TM4SF1) complex on cisplatin resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. Methods SLC1A5-overexpressing Eca109 cells were constructed using lentiviral vectors, and the effect of SLC1A5 on cisplatin sensitivity was assessed through cell viability assays. Western blotting (WB) was employed to detect SLC1A5 expression in Eca109 cells and cisplatin-resistant Eca109 cells (Eca109-R). SLC1A5 expression was knocked down in Eca109-R cells using lentiviral vectors, and cisplatin sensitivity was examined thereafter. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was utilized to analyze the influence of SLC1A5 knockdown on the expression of key genes involved in DNA damage repair in Eca109-R cells. In SLC1A5-knockdown Eca109-R cells, cell viability assays were performed to evaluate the sensitivity to cisplatin after RAD50 overexpression. Additionally, Eca109 cells were separately or co-overexpressed with SLC1A5 and TM4SF1 using lentiviral vectors, and the effect of the SLC1A5-TM4SF1complex on RAD50 expression and cisplatin resistance was examined through cell viability assays. Results Compared with control cells, Eca109 cells overexpressing SLC1A5 exhibited enhanced cisplatin resistance (P < 0.05). Eca109-R cells showed increased SLC1A5 protein expression, and knockdown of SLC1A5 cells were more sensitivity to cisplatin (P < 0.05). RAD50 gene expression was significantly downregulated upon SLC1A5 knockdown under cisplatin treatment (P < 0.05). Knockdown of SLC1A5 inhibited RAD50 protein expression, and overexpression of RAD50 in SLC1A5-knockdown cells significantly restored cisplatin resistance (P < 0.05). Co-overexpression of SLC1A5 and TM4SF1 can further up-regulate the expression of RAD50, and the drug resistance of the cells to cisplatin was enhanced compared with the control cells(P < 0.05). Conclusion The SLC1A5-TM4SF1 complex promotes cisplatin resistance in ESCC cells by upregulating RAD50 expression.

The Alataw Pass, near the Ebinur Lake Wetland (northwest of China) and Taldykorgan (east of Kazakhstan), is a natural habitat for wild rodents. To date, little has been done on the surveillance of Bartonella spp. and Wolbachia spp. from fleas in the region. Here we molecularly detected Bartonella spp. and Wolbachia spp. in wild rodent fleas during January and October of 2016 along the Alataw Pass-Kazakhstan border. A total of 1,706 fleas belonging to 10 species were collected from 6 rodent species. Among the 10 flea species, 4 were found to be positive for Wolbachia, and 5 flea species were positive for Bartonella. Molecular analysis indicated that i) B. rochalimae was firstly identified in Xenopsylla gerbilli minax and X. conforms conforms, ii) B. grahamii was firstly identified in X. gerbilli minax, and iii) B. elizabethae was firstly detected in Coptopsylla lamellifer ardua, Paradoxopsyllus repandus, and Nosopsyllus laeviceps laeviceps. Additionally, 3 Wolbachia endosymbionts were firstly found in X. gerbilli minax, X. conforms conforms, P. repandus, and N. laeviceps laeviceps. BLASTn analysis indicated 3 Bartonella species showed genotypic variation. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 3 Wolbachia endosymbionts were clustered into the non-Siphonaptera Wolbachia group. These findings extend our knowledge of the geographical distribution and carriers of B. rochalimae, B. grahamii, B. elizabethae, and Wolbachia spp. In the future, there is a need for China-Kazakhstan cooperation to strengthen the surveillance of flea-borne pathogens in wildlife.
Bartonella ; Ecosystem ; Lakes ; Rodentia ; Siphonaptera ; Wetlands ; Wolbachia ; Xenopsylla