Irritable bowel syndrome( IBS)is a common functional gastrointestinal disease,relevant investigations on pathogenesis of IBS mainly focus on genetic susceptibility, social psychological stress, visceral hypersensitivity, dysregulation of brain-gut axis,dysbiosis of intestinal flora,and dysimmunity of intestinal mucosa. This article reviewed the correlation between dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota and dysregulation of brain-gut axis in IBS.

Functional gastrointestinal disease is a group of clinical syndrome of non-organic disease. Its various clinical symptoms have a certain specificity and overlap phenomenon, and the mechanism is not clear. TCM believes thatphychological factorsare an important cause. Emotion failurecan effect spleen and stomach functionthrough liver and heart directly or indirectly.At present, the phychological factors and the relationship between functional gastrointestinal disease are getting attentiongradually. It is recognized that the mechanism of phychological factorsmay be related to brain axis dysfunction, mast cell activation, intestinal flora and so on. This article expounded the above-mentioned mechanism and reviewed the detailed TCM intervention measures to functional gastrointestinal disease in recent years.

Objective To construct lentivirus containing CXCR4 gene and transfect MCF-7 cells , and obtain CXCR4 high-expressing MCF-7 cells. Methods CXCR4 gene was amplified by RT-PCR to construct CXCR4/pSin-EF2, which was transfected into HEK293T cells with psPAX2 and pMD2G vector for lentivirus packing. Packaged lentivirus was used to transfect human breast cancer cells MCF-7, with empty lentivirus as control. CXCR4 mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot before and after transfection. And flow cytometry was used to detecte cell surface CXCR4 expression. Results The recombinant plasmid CXCR4/pSin-EF2 was constructed successfully,identified by double digestion and sequencing, and transfected into HEK293T cells to obtain high-titer lentivirus. RT-PCR and Western blot confirmed that the expression of CXCR4 in MCF-7 cells increased significantly after CXCR4 lentivirus transfection. Flow cytometry results showed that the CXCR4 positive rate increased from 26.78% to 99.29%, while there is no significant difference in CXCR4 expression between vector-transfected MCF-7 cells and non-transfected MCF-7 cells. Conclusion CXCR4 lentivirus and the breast cancer cell line with high and stable expression of CXCR4 (MCF-7CXCR4) were successfully constructed.

Objective To investigate ecological isolation between Oncomelania hupensis snail populations in hilly regions and marshland and lake regions in Yuanjiang valley, Changde City, Hunan Province, and to unravel its underlying mechanisms. Methods Taoyuan County, Shimen County, Linli County and Lixian County in Changde City were selected as snail sampling sites in hilly regions, and Lixian County, Jinshi City, West Lake Administration District, Hanshou County and Dingcheng District were selected as snail sampling sites in marshland and lake areas. Cytochrome C oxidase 1 (cox 1) gene was amplified in snail samples and sequenced. The genetic sequences of O. hupensis snails were aligned using the software MEGA 11, and the haplotypes of O. hupensis snails were determined using the software DNASP 5.10.01. The phylogenetic tree was generated using Bayesian inference with the software MrBayes 3.2, and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was performed to analyze the source of genetic divergence and estimate the genetic divergence index (F_ST) among snail populations with the software Arlequin 3.5.2.2. The genetic barrier among 11 O. hupensis snail populations was estimated using the Monmonier algorithm of adegenet toolkit in R package. The settings with “land in winter and water in summer” in the Yuanjian River section were divided into two categories according to the upstream and downstream, and the areas with “land in winter and water in summer” in the upstream and downstream were transformed into raster data, and then loaded into the software Fragstats 4 for analysis of landscape indicators. The trends in changes of digital elevation were extracted from the Yuanjiang River section based on the digital elevation model, and made three-dimensional visualization using the R package. Results The mitochondrial cox 1 gene were amplified in 165 O. hupensis snais from 11 sampling sites and sequenced, and a total of 152 valid gene sequences were obtained, with 46 haplotypes or 9 populations determined. No haplotype was shared in snails between Taoyuan County and Dingcheng District and Hanshou County along the downstream of the Yuanjiang River. The total area of settings with “land in winter and water in summer” was 617.66 hm² in the upsteram of the Yuanjiang River, which consisted of 473 patches, with each patch measuring 1.31 hm², the largest area index of 0.735 2, the landscape division index of 0.999 9, and the landscape shape index of 45.293 7. The total area of settings with “land in winter and water in summer” was 9 956.92 hm² in the downstream of the Yuanjiang River, which consisted of 771 patches, with each patch measuring 12.91 hm², the largest area index of 97.839 9, the landscape division index of 0.042 7, and the landscape shape index of 7.249 6. The area of settings with “land in winter and water in summer” was much larger in the downstream than that in the upstream of the Yuanjiang River, and the stronger landscape connectivity and non-remarkable alteration of riverbed elevation provided suitable habitats for snail breeding. Conclusion The hydrological and environmental characteristics of the upstream of the Yuanjiang River restrain the breeding and spread of O. hupensis, resulting in ecological isolation between Oncomelania hupensis in Taoyuan County and those in the downstream of Yuanjiang River.