Background Visual adaptive mechanism of mammalian is close responsible for the development of visual cortex.The various genes with different biological functions in different developing stages of visual cortex participate in regulation of visual development.To investigate the differential expression profiles of various genes in different ages of rat cortex can offer basis and evidence for the study of visual development.Objective Present study aimed to investigate the genes that changed continuously in the postnatal developmental process of rat visual cortex by microarray analysis of visual cortex RNA.Methods Sixty clean SD rats were grouped numbered and randomized into the postnatal day 0 group (P0,n =20),before eye opening group (postnatal day 10,P10,n =15),before the critical period of visual cortex growth group (postnatal day 20,P20,n =15) and the end of development of visual cortex group(postnatal day 45,P45,n=15).The rats were sacrificed at corresponding time point respectively,and the fresh visual cortex were obtained for the extraction of total RNA and microarray analysis.Genes exhibiting changes in expression by≥2.0 folds were further confirmed using real-time PCR(RT-PCR).In order to evaluate the association of differential gene expression with growth,the postnatal stages were paired as 36 groups with the 3 pairs for each target gene (P45/P0,P20/P0,P10/P0).Results Microarray analysis showed that the gene with differential ratio ≥ 2.0 folds in rat visual cortex included Akap7,Asam,Casp3,Cxcr4,Egr1,Ennp2,Fabp7,Gpr88,Inpp5d,Rpsa,Stk32c and Vamp1.Real-time PCR verified that 24 genes form 26 probe sets had the same-phase regulating tendency,including 20 up-regulating probe sets and 6 down-regulating probe sets.The homodromous expressing tendency was seen in Akap7,Asam,Casp3,Cxcr4,Egr1,Ennp2,Fabp7,Inpp5d,Rpsa and Vamp1 genes between microarray analysis and RT-PCR.However,reverse expressions were found in the P45/P0 of Gpr88 and Stk32c genes,showing the up-regulation in the microarray analysis and down-regulation in RT-PCR.The concordant rate of gene expression between microarray analysis and RT-PCR was 94.44％.The expressing genes mainly functioned nervous system development,(metal) ion binding/transport,metabolism,regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity.Conclusions New relevant candidate genes of age-associated rat visual cortex can be identified by microarray analysis,which provide a clue for the research of visual plasticity.

Objective To investigate the effect of adhesive membrane that has anti-side leakage and can be drained during the operation of cegarean section.Methods 300 cageg of lying-in women with cessrean section were randomly divided into three groups,the test 1 group,test 2 group and the control group.The test 1 group used adhesive membrane specially adopted in cerebral surgery,the test 2 group used the"U"shape adhesive membrane that had anti-side leakage and could be drained during the operation,the control group used the routine adhesive membrane,and then the contamination by amniotic fluid and blood of the thine groups was observed.Resulls Compared with test 1 group and the control group,the pollution by amniofic fluid and blood was significanfly decreased in the test 2 group,P＜0.01.Conclusiom This modified designed"U"shape adhesive membrane can drain amniotic fluid and blood during cesarean section in time and simply.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of Foley catheter (FC) and prostaglandins (PG) for cervical ripening used in labor induction of late pregnant women with unfavorable cervix. Methods Several databases including Cochrane Library,Embase,PubMed,Elsevier,Wanfang Medical Database, CNKI, VIP were searched for collecting the related literatures according to criteria for inclusion and exclusion.Meta analysis was performed by applying software Review Manager 5.2. Results Thirty randomized controlled trials were included.The FC group presented significantly lower risk of excessive uterine contraction [OR= 0.38,95%CI(0.19,0.75),P<0.05] than the PG group.There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of Cesarean section rate, vaginal delivery rate, Bishop score improvement, duration of induction to delivery, neonatal birth weight, or in neonatal outcome. Conclusion This study shows that FC has good promoting effect of cervical maturity and maternal￣ neonatal outcomes, and rarely produces excessive uterine contraction.It is safe and equally effective as PG does.The approach is easy to operate and worth to apply in clinical use.

Objective To investigate the status of knowledge,attitude and behavior of schistosomiasis control of rural resi-dents in Wanjiang River region after a flood,so as to provide the reference for targeted health education. Methods The multi-stage sampling was applied to select the respondents in rural residents in Wanjiang River region,and the self-designed question-naire was used to investigate the current situation of knowledge,attitude and behavior of schistosomiasis prevention and control of the rural residents. Results The total awareness rate of knowledge about the prevention and control of schistosomiasis was 47.92%. The age,education,family income,relatives and friends with medical background,and health education significantly influenced the awareness rate(χ2=12.76,89.19,18.19,50.83 and 92.60 respectively,all P<0.05). The accuracy rates of at-titude and behavior in schistosomiasis control were 62.89%and 52.37%respectively. Conclusion The awareness rate of knowl-edge about the prevention and control of schistosomiasis,and the accuracy rates of attitude and behavior in schistosomiasis con-trol of the rural residents in Wanjiang River region are all inefficient,and therefore,the targeted health education should be strengthened to decrease the risk of schistosomiasis transmission.

This study examined the methylation difference in AIRE and RASSF1A between maternal and placental DNA, and the implication of this difference in the identification of free fetal DNA in maternal plasma and in prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21. Maternal plasma samples were collected from 388 singleton pregnancies, and placental or chorionic villus tissues from 112 of them. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme digestion followed by fluorescent quantitative PCR (MSRE + PCR) were employed to detect the maternal-fetal methylation difference in AIRE and RASSF1A. Diagnosis of trisomy 21 was established according to the ratio of fetal-specific AIRE to RASSF1A in maternal plasma. Both methods confirmed that AIRE and RASSF1A were hypomethylated in maternal blood cells but hypermethylated in placental or chorionic villus tissues. Moreover, the differential methylation for each locus could be seen during the whole pregnant period. The positive rates of fetal AIRE and RASSF1A in maternal plasma were found to be 78.1% and 82.1% by MSP and 94.8% and 96.9% by MSRE + PCR. MSRE + PCR was superior to MSP in the identification of fetal-specific hypermethylated sequences (P<0.05). Based on the data from 266 euploidy pregnancies, the 95% reference interval of the fetal AIRE/RASSF1A ratio in maternal plasma was 0.33-1.77, which was taken as the reference value for determining the numbers of fetal chromosome 21 in 102 pregnancies. The accuracy rate in 98 euploidy pregnancies was 96.9% (95/98). Three of the four trisomy 21 pregnancies were confirmed with this method. It was concluded that hypermethylated AIRE and RASSF1A may serve as fetal-specific markers for the identification of fetal DNA in maternal plasma and may be used for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21.

Objective To investigate the awareness,willingness,motivation,and influencing factors of outpatients for participating drug clinical trials,and provide references for decision-making of drug clinical trials.Methods An amnonymous survey was conducted in the departments of internal medicine,surgery,gynecology,and obstetrics of a randomly selected tertiary referral center,and the results were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 1 067 available questionnaires were received.The total awareness rate of clinical trials was 31.02％,which was closely correlated with age and the degree of education.40.86％ of respondents were willing to participate in drug clinical trials.And 55.28％ of them chose yes because of the willingness to contribute to the development of medical science.People having cognition on clinical trials had more willingness to participate in drug(OR:1.361,95 ％ CI:1.042-1.777).59.14％ of the respondents refused to participate in drug clinical trials,68.62％ of whom refusing to participate mainly worried about the safety of drugs.57.37％ of the respondents comfirmed that they might change their idea if experts were involved.41.33％ were willing to accept training about clinical trials.Conclusion Investigators'overall cognition on clinical trials is closely correlated with the willingness to participate in drug clinical trials.There should propagandize drug clinical trials to make sure the improvement of drug clinical trial progress.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and significance of miRNA-324-3p and its target gene WNT2B in tissue specimens of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) specimens. METHOD: qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miRNA-324-3p and WNT2B mRNA, and Western blot was applied to assay the expression of WNT2B protein in 39 cases of NPC specimens and 21 cases of non-carcinoma epithelium. The relationship between their expression levels and clinicopathological characteristics and their correlation with clinical pathological parameters was analyzed. RESULT: The expression of miRNA-324-3p was significantly down-regulated decreased but WNT2B mRNA/protein increased obviously in NPC specimens (P < 0.01). A negative correlation between miRNA-324-3p and WNT2B was spotted (P < 0.05). The expression levels of these markers were closely correlated with T stage, clinic stage and cervical lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The loss of miRNA-324-3p and ectopic WNT2B might co-induce the initiation and progression of NPC.
Carcinoma ; Glycoproteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Wnt Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

This study examined the methylation difference in AIRE and RASSF1A between maternal and placental DNA,and the implication of this difference in the identification of free fetal DNA in maternal plasma and in prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21.Matemal plasma samples were collected from 388 singleton pregnancies,and placental or chorionic villus tissues from 112 of them.Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme digestion followed by fluorescent quantitative PCR (MSRE + PCR) were employed to detect the maternal-fetal methylation difference in AIRE and RASSF1A.Diagnosis of trisomy 21 was established according to the ratio of fetal-specific AIRE to RASSF1A in matemal plasma.Both methods confirmed that AIRE and RASSF1A were hypomethylated in maternal blood cells but hypermethylated in placental or chorionic villus tissues.Moreover,the differential methylation for each locus could be seen during the whole pregnant period.The positive rates of fetal AIRE and RASSF1A in maternal plasma were found to be 78.1％ and 82.1％ by MSP and 94.8％ and 96.9％ by MSRE + PCR.MSRE + PCR was superior to MSP in the identification of fetal-specific hypermethylated sequences (P＜0.05).Based on the data from 266 euploidy pregnancies,the 95％ reference interval of the fetal AIRE/RASSF1A ratio in maternal plasma was 0.33-1.77,which was taken as the reference value for determining the numbers of fetal chromosome 21 in 102 pregnancies.The accuracy rate in 98 euploidy pregnancies was 96.9％ (95/98).Three of the four trisomy 21 pregnancies were confirmed with this method.It was concluded that hypermethylated AIRE and,RASSF1A may serve as fetal-specific markers for the identification of fetal DNA in maternal plasma and may be used for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of acute pancreatitis (AP) complicated with thrombotic diseases.Methods:Clinical data of 5 223 patients with AP admitted to the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 2015 to September 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into thrombosis group and non-thrombosis group according to whether they were complicated with thrombotic diseases. The following data were recorded: gender, age, past history, time of onset, etiology, severity grade of AP, BISAP score, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-dimer(D-D), fibrinogen(FIB), white blood cell count(WBC), platelet count (PLT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood glucose level, with or without hypoalbuminemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia, date of diagnosis, location of thrombus, clinical manifestations and anticoagulant therapy. Univariate and Logistic multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of AP complicated with thrombotic diseases. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated, and the efficacy of independent risk factors in predicting AP complicated with thrombotic diseases was evaluated.Results:46(0.88%) of 5 223 patients with AP were complicated with thrombosis, which occurred 8.50(2.00-15.00) days after the onset of AP; the age of onset was 66 (52-74) years; the patients with thrombotic diseases were mostly SAP patients (23/46, 50%); the most common type was deep venous thrombosis in lower extremity (19/46, 41.3%); 37 patients (80.4%) received regular anticoagulant treatment after finding thrombus, and no bleeding was found during hospitalization. Univariate analysis showed that the age of patients with thrombosis was higher than that of patients without thrombosis, APTT value was prolonged, D-D value was increased, WBC was decreased and SAP was more in AP severity, the number of patients with BISAP score ≥3 was increased significantly, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that AP severity ( OR=3.017, 95% CI 1.799-5.061, P<0.001) and age ( OR=1.029, 95% CI 1.000-1.059, P=0.049) were independent risk factors for AP patients complicated with thrombosis. The AUC of AP severity and age in predicting AP complicated with thrombotic diseases were 0.714 and 0.625, respectively. The sensitivity was 67.4% and 47.8%, and the specificity was 70.6% and 77.9%, respectively. Conclusions:The severity grade and age of AP were independent risk factors for AP complicated with thrombotic diseases. Early vigilance and clinical intervention should be given.

Objective:To explore the correlation between post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),resilience and quality of life of front-line medical staff in public health emergencies.Methods:From Nov to Dec 2020,the medical staff of 4 COVID-19 designated hospitals in Wuhan were investigated with the general demographic questionnaire,10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 and Simplify Qualify of Life Scale.Spearman correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used to investigate the correlation between PTSD,resilience and quality of life.Results:A total of 545 questionnaires were collected in this survey and the valid effective rate was 97.8% (533/545).The score of psychological resilience,PTSD and quality of life of medical staff were 26(20,30),17(8,25),and 20(18,23),respectively.And 13.1% (70/533)of medical staff had obvious PTSD symptoms.There were significant differences in the score of quality of life among medical staff with different genders,occupations and PTSD levels.Spearman correlation analysis results showed that the score of PTSD was negatively correlated with quality of life and psychological resilience(r=-0.488 and-0.464,P＜0.01).The score of psychological resilience was positively correlated with the score of quality of life(r =0.578,P＜0.01).Psychological resilience and PTSD were important predictors of quality of life,with an explanatory capacity of 37.0% .Conclusions:PTSD is a risk factor for quality of life,and psychological resilience is a protective factor for quality of life.In public health emergencies,improving psychological resilience,preventing and treating PTSD can improve the quality of life of medical staff.