BACKGROUND: Major depression is a subtype of depression. Application of thymoleptics alone has bad effect. It has shown from relevant studies abroad that application of fluoxetine combined with atypical antipsychotic drugs maybe an effective treating strategy.OBJECTIVE: To observe the curative effects of fluoxetine combined with olanzapine and the time of its taking effect.DESIGN: Comparative study of open clinical test with completely random sampling for the first visit outpatients SETTING: A psychological consulting clinic in a hospital of a Military Medical College of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 140 patients visiting psychological counseling outpatient clinic in the hospital were collected from January 2004 to August 2004. Inclusion criteria: According to the diagnostic criterion of depression of CCMD-3, patients with total scores of 17 items in Hamilton depression rating scale≥28and age ≥18 years old .EXclusion criteria;①slight to middle edgree of depression(Hamt≤27);②secondary depression;③convalesscent period of schizophrenia and other affective disorder caused by psychosis;④severe of unstable body diseases ,including diseases of liver,kidney,cardiae vessel,respiration,gastro-intestine,endocrine,nervous system,innune system or hematological system,cet.⑤drug or alcohol addict;⑥women in pregnancy and lactation. Totally 110 patients accorded with the inclusive criteria. Among them, there were 40 males and 70 females with the course of disease for 4 months to 5 years, aged 18 to 63 with the average (37 ± 12) years old. They all took part in the trial voluntarily. According to the date of admittance, they were divided into odd-numbered date alprazolam group in which there were 55 patients with 21 males and 34 females and double date olanzapine group in which there were 55 patients with 19 males and 36 females.METHODS: The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the date of admittance. Odd-numbered date group was alprazolam group. 0.4 mg alprazolam was given every noon and before sleep and 20 mg fluoxetine was given at a draught after breakfast every day. Even-numbered date group was olanzapine group. 2.5 mg olanzapine was given before sleep every day and 20mg fluoxetine was given at a draught after breakfast every day. The course of treatment was 6 weeks. HAMD and HAMA scores of taken were evaluated respectively before and at the end of 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th week. Reducing score rate was used to decide effective time. Lost rate was presented as percentage. And improvement of sleep factor and somatization factor in HAMD were observed before therapy and at every observing time period after therapy.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Terminus index: Comparison of HAMD,HAMA score in the two groups before therapy and at the 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th weekend after therapy. Scores of sleep factor and anxiety somatization factor of HAMD at every observing time period in the two groups. Substitution index: lost rate in the two groups. Reducing score rate at every observing time period in the two groups.RESULTS: Lost rate in olanzapine group was significantly lower than that in alprazolam group ( P ＜ 0.05) and the effect was taken at 1 week after therapy(excellence rate 67% ) . But, scores of HAMD and HAMA at every observing time period in olanzapine group were significant lower than those in alprazolam group( P ＜ 0.01) and sleep factor and somatization factor at every observing time period improved more significantly than those of alprazolam group( P ＜ 0. 01).CONCLUSION: Small amount of olanzapine combined with fluoxetine used to treat major depression of the patients can improve sleep and anxiety body symptoms rapidly and then elevate their living quality significantly.

BACKGROUND: According to Eysenck's theory of personality, trait level belongs tolow-grade personality, which can better reflect characteristics of individual habitual behavior reaction.OBJECTIVE: To explore the correspondent relationship between generalized anxiety patient and internal personality trait through adopting Cattell's 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PFQ) and Zung's Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) to test generalized anxiety patients.DESIGN: A transectional sampling survey and data was compared with that of health adult norms.SETTING: Counseling clinic of out-patient in the Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 100 patients with generalized anxiety disorders who visited the clinical counseling clinic of out-patient in the Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA for the first time from August 2003 to March 2004 were included, including 40 men and 60 women.METHODS: Catell's 16PFQ was tested with Psychometric Toolbox Standard Edition V2.3 developed by the Insight Group of Peking University.The patients filled out the forms independently after the method being explained clearly by professional staff members. These 16 personality factors included warmth (reserved vs. warm; Factor A), reasoning (concrete vs.abstract; Factor B), emotional stability (reactive vs. emotionally stable;Factor C), dominance (deferential vs. dominant; Factor E), liveliness (serious vs. lively; Factor F), rule-consciousness (expedient vs. rule-conscious;Factor G), social boldness (shy vs. socially bold; Factor H), sensitivity (utilitarian vs. sensitive; Factor I), vigilance (trusting vs. vigilant; Factor L),abstractedness (grounded vs. abstracted; Factor M), privateness (forthright vs. private; Factor N), apprehension (self-assured vs. apprehensive; Factor O), openness to change (traditional vs. open to change; Factor Q1), self-reliance (group-oriented vs. self-reliant; Factor Q2), perfectionism (tolerates disorder vs. perfectionistic; Factor Q3), tension (relaxed vs. tense; Factor Q4). Standard score of each observed index was measured automatically by computer measuring system. The standard score in Zung's SAS was (65.31±7.90).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of standard scores in Cattell's 16PF between anxiety group and health adult norms.tell's 16PFQ for patients with generalized anxiety disorders: Scores in A,I, L, M, O, Q4 factor of anxiety patients were higher than that of health adult norms (6.19±1.69, 5.49±1.75;6.63±1.46, 5.53±1.84;5.84±1.52,5.47 ± 1.78; 6.22 ± 1.54,5.42 ± 1.61; 8.32 ±1.54,5.48 ±1.81; 8.10 ±1.27,5.60±1.99,(t=-2.03 to -13.15, P＜ 0.05-0.01)) while scores in B, C, E, F, G H,Q1, Q2, Q3 were significantly lower (5.22±1.46, 5.93±1.97;3.48±1.68,5.51±1.75;4.86±1.60, 5.53±1.83;5.01±2.22, 5.50±1.89;4.42±1.60,5.54 ±1.66 ;4.58±1.66, 5.56±1.84 ;4.64±1.29, 5.50±1.72 ;4.73±1.80, 5.50±1.72;and F had a significantly negative correlation with scores in Zung's SAS (r=-0.273,P ＜ 0.01 ;r=-0.217,P ＜ 0.05;r=-0.217,P ＜ 0.05) while factor Q4 had a significantly positive correlation(r=0.248 ,P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The development of anxiety with high scores in C, E, F and Q4 correlates with self-personality trait. These 4 personality traits may be susceptible factors in the development of anxiety disorder and may also affect its severity.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and effective time of low dosage of olanzapine combined with fluoxetine in treatment of major depression. Methods A total of 53 patients who suffered from major depression diagnosed according to CCMD-3 and the score of Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAMD) over 28, were randomly divided into 2 groups: alprazolam group (0.4 mg alprazolam, 2/d and 20 mg fluoxetine, 1/d), olanzapine group (2.5 mg olanzapine, 1/d, and 20 mg fluoxetine, 1/d). The treatment period lasted six weeks and the subjects were evaluated by using HAMD and HAMA at week 1, 2, 4, 6. The effective time was estimated by decreasing rate of the scale of HAMD and the amelioration of sleep disturbance and anxiety/somatization in HAMD were observed before and during the treatment. Results The therapeutic effects in olanzapine group at week 1 were observed with the apparent rate of 67%. The scores of HAMD and HAMA in olanzapine group were obviously lower than those in alprazolam group at each time point. The sleep disturbance and anxiety/somatization of the patients in olanzapine group improved significantly as compared with those in alprazolam group. Conclusion Fluoxetine combined with olanzapine is a fast and effective method to treat major depression.

Clinical data of 150 patients with mild and 38 patients with severe confirmed influenza A/H1N1 were collected and retrospectively analyzed in this paper with descriptive epidemiology. Mild patients mainly presented with symptoms similar to seasonal influenza with few complications, however,persistent high fever, cough with bloody sputum expectoration, chest distress and short of breath manifested in severe patients with respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome in some cases. Proportion of obesity and underlying diseases in severe patients, who were at high risk for severe influenza A/H1N1, was higher than that in mild ones (P＜0. 05). Average course of the illness spanned five to 11 days in patient with mild influenza A/H1N1 with all cured, and 34 of severe cases discharged with better recovery and other four died with a case-fatality of 10. 5 percent.

Objective To compare the five different methods of extration process of Curcuma Long. Methods With the content of curcumin and yield of extract as evaluation index, the best extraction process of Curcuma long L. was optimized. Results The content of curcumin extracted in 80 ℃ ethanol immersion was higher, that was the optimum condition. Conclusion The extractive content of curcumin is higher by this process. It is easy to operate and proved to be stable and feasible.

Objective To study the degradation of Rhizoma Typhonii polysaccharide with sulfuric acid under the normal and ultrasonic condition. Methods The orthogonal test table L9(34) was used to optimize 4 factors including acid concentration, reaction time, reaction temperature and ultrasonic power, with the yield of the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide as the index. Results The optimal conditions of discomposing Rhizoma Typhonii polysaccharide with sulfuric acid were 10% sulfuric acid, 100 ℃ for 2 h under the normal condition,and the yield of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide was 36.17%. Under the ultrasonic condition, the optimal conditions were 150 W of the ultrasonic power, 5% sulfuric acid, 40 ℃ for 1 h, and the yield was 44.63%. Conclusion The degrading yield of the low-molecular-weight polysaccharide can be increased under ultrasonic condition with sulfuric acid.

Objective To investigate the effect of poly (ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) expression inhibited by 5-AIQ on the liver metastasis in colorectal carcinoma CT26 cell lines. Methods Liver metastasis model of colorectal carcinoma was established by intrasplenic inoculation of colorectal carcinoma CT26 cell in BALB/c mice. Treated by 5-AIQ (100 or 500 ?mol/L),CT26 cells were inoculated to the spleen of the mice,or the rats were first inoculated of CT26 cells,then treated by 5-AIQ (3 or 10 mg/kg) ip. The changes spleen primary carcinoma and liver metastasis carcinoma were observed. The PARP expression in spleen primary carcinoma was detected by Western blotting. Results Significant difference was found in the splenic carcinoma size,the number of liver metastatic nodules,the grading of liver metastatic nodules in the 5-AIQ treated group and control group(P0.05). The PARP expression of spleen primary carcinoma in 5-AIQ treated groups was lower significantly than that in control group (P

Objective To identify the diffusion alterations of deep gray matter(GM) and white matter (WM) among Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy people by atlas?based analysis (ABA), and to investigate the respective relationship with cognitive function. Methods Twenty?one AD patients (AD group), 8 MCI patients (MCI group) and 15 normal controls (control group) were performed by conventional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The raw data of DTI was processed by using DTI studio software to generate the fractional anisotropy (FA) images. Then ABA was used to quantify the FA value in 58 deep GM and WM structures. The differences of FA value among three groups were compared by using one way ANOVA, with a post?hoc analysis. In AD and MCI groups, the partial correlation was further investigated between mini?mental state examination (MMSE) score and FA value in the brain regions that have significant differences between AD and MCI group or between MCI and control group. Results Compared with control group, AD patients showed wide?spread FA decrease in most deep GM and WM regions (corrected P<0.05). The FA values of the hypothalamus, the fornix, the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and the cingulum in AD group were significantly lower than those in MCI group (corrected P<0.05). The FA value of the right splenium of corpus callosum (SCC) in MCI group was significantly lower than that in control group (MCI:0.550±0.018 vs. Control:0.585±0.026, P<0.05). In AD and MCI group, the FA values of the left hypothalamus, the right hypothalamus, the left cingulum, the right cingulum, and the left SLF were positively correlated with MMSE scores(r=0.502, 0.515, 0.535, 0.527, 0.512; P<0.05). No significant correlation was found between the FA value of the right SCC, the right SLF, the right fornix/stria terminalis, the right fornix and MMSE scores(P>0.05). Conclusion Based on ABA, this study found the diffusion changes not only in the WM but also the deep GM in AD patients, but only WM diffusion disruptions in MCI group. The decreased FA value in the right SCC appeared early, but had no correlation with the cognitive impairment. The FA value in the hypothalamus, the fornix, the SLF and the cingulum decreased with the disease progression, and correlated positively with the cognition decline.

To study the effects of forkhead transcription factor O1 (FoxO1) on the expression of type Ⅳ collagen and desmin in podocytes of diabetic rats.Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were divided into three groups:diabetic rats (DM group),rats transfected with blank lentiviral vectors (diabetes mellitus plus LV-pSC-GFP group,LV-NC group),and rats which were transfected with lentiviral vectors carrying constitutively active FoxO1 (diabetes mellitus plus LV-FoxO1-AAA group,LV-CA group).Rats which received an injection of diluent buffer served as normal control.At 2,4,and 8 weeks after transfection,the levels of urine albumin,blood glucose,blood urea nitrogen,and serum creatinine were measured.Realtime PCR and Western blotting were performed to measure the mRNA and protein levels of FoxO1,COL4A3,COL4A5,and desmin in the renal cortex.Moreover,light microscope and electron microscope were used to observe the structural changes in glomerulus and podocytes.Compared with LV-NC and DM group,in LV-CA group,there was a significant increase in the mRNA and protein levels of FoxO1,and a distinct decrease in the levels of urine albumin,blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine of rats (except at the twoweek time point) (all P＜0.05),the mRNA and protein levels of COL4A3,COL4A5,and desmin were all decreased (all P＜0.05),and pathological changes in kidney were also improved.Upregulating the expression of FoxO1 by transfecting with constructed lentiviral vectors can definitely improve the abnormal expression of type Ⅳ collagen and desmin in podocytes of diabetic rats.

AIM:To observe the influences of IL-6 and AG490 on the growth of Raji cell line ( Burkitt lym-phoma cell, BL).METHODS:Raji cells were cultured.IL-6, an activator of signal transducer and activator of transcrip-tion 3 (STAT3), and AG490, a specific inhibitor of STAT3 were added into the medium respectively .The expression of STAT3 and survivin at mRNA and protein levels was detected by real-time PCR and Western blot .The cell viability was measured by MTT assay .Apoptosis and cell cycle were examined by flow cytometry .RESULTS:IL-6 or AG490 affected the growth of Raji cells significantly in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05).The mRNA expression of STAT3 and sur-vivin in Raji cells was higher in IL-6 group, and lower in the AG490 group than that in the corresponding control group . The statistical differences were found in the mRNA expression of STAT 3 and survivin among different IL-6 or AG490 groups (P<0.05).The concentration dependent relationship was also presented in IL-6 and AG490 groups by the regression a-nalysis.The results of Western blot showed that the protein levels of phosphorylated STAT 3 (p-STAT3), STAT3 and sur-vivin were increased in IL-6 group, and decreased in AG490 group.The apoptotic rate of Raji cells was gradually reduced with the increasing concentration of IL-6.The opposite results were detected in the Raji cells treated with AG 490.There was significant difference in constitute of the cell cycle between the groups treated with IL -6 or AG490 and corresponding control group.The cells at G1-phase and G1/S were significantly increased , while those at S-phase had no obvious change under treating with AG490.The cells at S-phase decreased obviously in the Raji cells treated with IL-6.CONCLUSION:IL-6 and AG490 distinctly affect the growth of Raji cells .The mechanism may be associated with the activation of STAT 3 and survivin.